OpenGL filter prototype (does not work)

Power on the device on start only if scrcpy is mirroring the main
display.

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+name: Build
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      name:
+        description: 'Version name (default is ref name)'
+
+jobs:
+  build-scrcpy-server:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      GRADLE: gradle  # use native gradle instead of ./gradlew in release.mk
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup JDK
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'zulu'
+          java-version: '17'
+
+      - name: Test scrcpy-server
+        run: make -f release.mk test-server
+
+      - name: Build scrcpy-server
+        run: make -f release.mk build-server
+
+      - name: Upload scrcpy-server artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: scrcpy-server
+          path: build-server/server/scrcpy-server
+
+  test-client:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install -y meson ninja-build nasm ffmpeg libsdl2-2.0-0 \
+             libsdl2-dev libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev libavformat-dev \
+             libavutil-dev libswresample-dev libusb-1.0-0 libusb-1.0-0-dev
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          meson setup d -Db_sanitize=address,undefined
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: |
+          meson test -Cd
+
+  build-win32:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install -y meson ninja-build nasm ffmpeg libsdl2-2.0-0 \
+             libsdl2-dev libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev libavformat-dev \
+             libavutil-dev libswresample-dev libusb-1.0-0 libusb-1.0-0-dev \
+             mingw-w64 mingw-w64-tools libz-mingw-w64-dev
+
+      - name: Workaround for old meson version run by Github Actions
+        run: sed -i 's/^pkg-config/pkgconfig/' cross_win32.txt
+
+      - name: Build scrcpy win32
+        run: make -f release.mk build-win32
+
+      - name: Upload build-win32 artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: build-win32-intermediate
+          path: build-win32/dist/
+
+  build-win64:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install -y meson ninja-build nasm ffmpeg libsdl2-2.0-0 \
+             libsdl2-dev libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev libavformat-dev \
+             libavutil-dev libswresample-dev libusb-1.0-0 libusb-1.0-0-dev \
+             mingw-w64 mingw-w64-tools libz-mingw-w64-dev
+
+      - name: Workaround for old meson version run by Github Actions
+        run: sed -i 's/^pkg-config/pkgconfig/' cross_win64.txt
+
+      - name: Build scrcpy win64
+        run: make -f release.mk build-win64
+
+      - name: Upload build-win64 artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: build-win64-intermediate
+          path: build-win64/dist/
+
+  package:
+    needs:
+      - build-scrcpy-server
+      - build-win32
+      - build-win64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      # $VERSION is used by release.mk
+      VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.name || github.ref_name }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Download scrcpy-server
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: scrcpy-server
+          path: build-server/server/
+
+      - name: Download build-win32
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: build-win32-intermediate
+          path: build-win32/dist/
+
+      - name: Download build-win64
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: build-win64-intermediate
+          path: build-win64/dist/
+
+      - name: Package
+        run: make -f release.mk package
+
+      - name: Upload release artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: scrcpy-release-${{ env.VERSION }}
+          path: release-${{ env.VERSION }}

README.md

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ It focuses on:
 Its features include:
  - [audio forwarding](doc/audio.md) (Android 11+)
  - [recording](doc/recording.md)
+ - [virtual display](doc/virtual_display.md)
  - mirroring with [Android device screen off](doc/device.md#turn-screen-off)
  - [copy-paste](doc/control.md#copy-paste) in both directions
  - [configurable quality](doc/video.md)
@@ -91,6 +92,12 @@ Here are just some common examples.
     scrcpy --video-codec=h265 -m1920 --max-fps=60 --no-audio -K  # short version
     ```
 
+ - Start VLC in a new virtual display (separate from the device display):
+
+    ```bash
+    scrcpy --new-display=1920x1080 --start-app=org.videolan.vlc
+    ```
+
  - Record the device camera in H.265 at 1920x1080 (and microphone) to an MP4
    file:
 
@@ -134,6 +141,7 @@ documented in the following pages:
  - [Device](doc/device.md)
  - [Window](doc/window.md)
  - [Recording](doc/recording.md)
+ - [Virtual display](doc/virtual_displays.md)
  - [Tunnels](doc/tunnels.md)
  - [OTG](doc/otg.md)
  - [Camera](doc/camera.md)

app/data/bash-completion/scrcpy

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ _scrcpy() {
         --crop=
         -d --select-usb
         --disable-screensaver
-        --display-buffer=
         --display-id=
         --display-orientation=
         -e --select-tcpip
@@ -33,6 +32,7 @@ _scrcpy() {
         --keyboard=
         --kill-adb-on-close
         --legacy-paste
+        --list-apps
         --list-camera-sizes
         --list-cameras
         --list-displays
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ _scrcpy() {
         --mouse-bind=
         -n --no-control
         -N --no-playback
+        --new-display
+        --new-display=
         --no-audio
         --no-audio-playback
         --no-cleanup
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ _scrcpy() {
         -s --serial=
         -S --turn-screen-off
         --shortcut-mod=
+        --start-app=
         -t --show-touches
         --tcpip
         --tcpip=
@@ -86,6 +89,7 @@ _scrcpy() {
         --v4l2-sink=
         -v --version
         -V --verbosity=
+        --video-buffer=
         --video-codec=
         --video-codec-options=
         --video-encoder=
@@ -187,7 +191,6 @@ _scrcpy() {
         |--camera-size \
         |--crop \
         |--display-id \
-        |--display-buffer \
         |--max-fps \
         |-m|--max-size \
         |-p|--port \
@@ -197,6 +200,7 @@ _scrcpy() {
         |--tunnel-port \
         |--v4l2-buffer \
         |--v4l2-sink \
+        |--video-buffer \
         |--video-codec-options \
         |--video-encoder \
         |--tcpip \

app/data/zsh-completion/_scrcpy

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ arguments=(
     '--crop=[\[width\:height\:x\:y\] Crop the device screen on the server]'
     {-d,--select-usb}'[Use USB device]'
     '--disable-screensaver[Disable screensaver while scrcpy is running]'
-    '--display-buffer=[Add a buffering delay \(in milliseconds\) before displaying]'
     '--display-id=[Specify the display id to mirror]'
     '--display-orientation=[Set the initial display orientation]:orientation values:(0 90 180 270 flip0 flip90 flip180 flip270)'
     {-e,--select-tcpip}'[Use TCP/IP device]'
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@ arguments=(
     '--keyboard=[Set the keyboard input mode]:mode:(disabled sdk uhid aoa)'
     '--kill-adb-on-close[Kill adb when scrcpy terminates]'
     '--legacy-paste[Inject computer clipboard text as a sequence of key events on Ctrl+v]'
+    '--list-apps[List Android apps installed on the device]'
     '--list-camera-sizes[List the valid camera capture sizes]'
     '--list-cameras[List cameras available on the device]'
     '--list-displays[List displays available on the device]'
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ arguments=(
     '--mouse-bind=[Configure bindings of secondary clicks]'
     {-n,--no-control}'[Disable device control \(mirror the device in read only\)]'
     {-N,--no-playback}'[Disable video and audio playback]'
+    '--new-display=[Create a new display]'
     '--no-audio[Disable audio forwarding]'
     '--no-audio-playback[Disable audio playback]'
     '--no-cleanup[Disable device cleanup actions on exit]'
@@ -80,6 +81,7 @@ arguments=(
     {-s,--serial=}'[The device serial number \(mandatory for multiple devices only\)]:serial:($("${ADB-adb}" devices | awk '\''$2 == "device" {print $1}'\''))'
     {-S,--turn-screen-off}'[Turn the device screen off immediately]'
     '--shortcut-mod=[\[key1,key2+key3,...\] Specify the modifiers to use for scrcpy shortcuts]:shortcut mod:(lctrl rctrl lalt ralt lsuper rsuper)'
+    '--start-app=[Start an Android app]'
     {-t,--show-touches}'[Show physical touches]'
     '--tcpip[\(optional \[ip\:port\]\) Configure and connect the device over TCP/IP]'
     '--time-limit=[Set the maximum mirroring time, in seconds]'
@@ -89,6 +91,7 @@ arguments=(
     '--v4l2-sink=[\[\/dev\/videoN\] Output to v4l2loopback device]'
     {-v,--version}'[Print the version of scrcpy]'
     {-V,--verbosity=}'[Set the log level]:verbosity:(verbose debug info warn error)'
+    '--video-buffer=[Add a buffering delay \(in milliseconds\) before displaying video frames]'
     '--video-codec=[Select the video codec]:codec:(h264 h265 av1)'
     '--video-codec-options=[Set a list of comma-separated key\:type=value options for the device video encoder]'
     '--video-encoder=[Use a specific MediaCodec video encoder]'

app/meson.build

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ src = [
     'src/adb/adb_parser.c',
     'src/adb/adb_tunnel.c',
     'src/audio_player.c',
+    'src/audio_regulator.c',
     'src/cli.c',
     'src/clock.c',
     'src/compat.c',
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ src = [
     'src/frame_buffer.c',
     'src/input_manager.c',
     'src/keyboard_sdk.c',
+    'src/mouse_capture.c',
     'src/mouse_sdk.c',
     'src/opengl.c',
     'src/options.c',

app/scrcpy.1

@@ -139,12 +139,6 @@ Also see \fB\-e\fR (\fB\-\-select\-tcpip\fR).
 .BI "\-\-disable\-screensaver"
 Disable screensaver while scrcpy is running.
 
-.TP
-.BI "\-\-display\-buffer " ms
-Add a buffering delay (in milliseconds) before displaying. This increases latency to compensate for jitter.
-
-Default is 0 (no buffering).
-
 .TP
 .BI "\-\-display\-id " id
 Specify the device display id to mirror.
@@ -227,6 +221,10 @@ Inject computer clipboard text as a sequence of key events on Ctrl+v (like MOD+S
 
 This is a workaround for some devices not behaving as expected when setting the device clipboard programmatically.
 
+.TP
+.B \-\-list\-apps
+List Android apps installed on the device.
+
 .TP
 .B \-\-list\-camera\-sizes
 List the valid camera capture sizes.
@@ -314,6 +312,18 @@ Disable device control (mirror the device in read\-only).
 .B \-N, \-\-no\-playback
 Disable video and audio playback on the computer (equivalent to \fB\-\-no\-video\-playback \-\-no\-audio\-playback\fR).
 
+.TP
+\fB\-\-new\-display\fR[=[\fIwidth\fRx\fIheight\fR][/\fIdpi\fR]]
+Create a new display with the specified resolution and density. If not provided, they default to the main display dimensions and DPI, and \fB\-\-max\-size\fR is considered.
+
+Examples:
+
+    \-\-new\-display=1920x1080
+    \-\-new\-display=1920x1080/420
+    \-\-new\-display         # main display size and density
+    \-\-new\-display -m1920  # scaled to fit a max size of 1920
+    \-\-new\-display=/240    # main display size and 240 dpi
+
 .TP
 .B \-\-no\-audio
 Disable audio forwarding.
@@ -478,6 +488,22 @@ For example, to use either LCtrl or LSuper for scrcpy shortcuts, pass "lctrl,lsu
 
 Default is "lalt,lsuper" (left-Alt or left-Super).
 
+.TP
+.BI "\-\-start\-app " name
+Start an Android app, by its exact package name.
+
+Add a '?' prefix to select an app whose name starts with the given name, case-insensitive (retrieving app names on the device may take some time):
+
+    scrcpy --start-app=?firefox
+
+Add a '+' prefix to force-stop before starting the app:
+
+    scrcpy --new-display --start-app=+org.mozilla.firefox
+
+Both prefixes can be used, in that order:
+
+    scrcpy --start-app=+?firefox
+
 .TP
 .B \-t, \-\-show\-touches
 Enable "show touches" on start, restore the initial value on exit.
@@ -528,7 +554,15 @@ It requires to lock the video orientation (see \fB\-\-lock\-video\-orientation\f
 .BI "\-\-v4l2-buffer " ms
 Add a buffering delay (in milliseconds) before pushing frames. This increases latency to compensate for jitter.
 
-This option is similar to \fB\-\-display\-buffer\fR, but specific to V4L2 sink.
+This option is similar to \fB\-\-video\-buffer\fR, but specific to V4L2 sink.
+
+Default is 0 (no buffering).
+
+.TP
+.BI "\-\-video\-buffer " ms
+Add a buffering delay (in milliseconds) before displaying video frames.
+
+This increases latency to compensate for jitter.
 
 Default is 0 (no buffering).
 
@@ -727,7 +761,11 @@ Pinch-to-zoom and rotate from the center of the screen
 
 .TP
 .B Shift+click-and-move
-Tilt (slide vertically with two fingers)
+Tilt vertically (slide with 2 fingers)
+
+.TP
+.B Ctrl+Shift+click-and-move
+Tilt horizontally (slide with 2 fingers)
 
 .TP
 .B Drag & drop APK file

app/src/audio_player.c

@@ -1,138 +1,23 @@
 #include "audio_player.h"
 
-#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
-#include <libavutil/opt.h>
-
 #include "util/log.h"
 
-//#define SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_DEBUG // uncomment to debug
-
-/**
- * Real-time audio player with configurable latency
- *
- * As input, the player regularly receives AVFrames of decoded audio samples.
- * As output, an SDL callback regularly requests audio samples to be played.
- * In the middle, an audio buffer stores the samples produced but not consumed
- * yet.
- *
- * The goal of the player is to feed the audio output with a latency as low as
- * possible while avoiding buffer underrun (i.e. not being able to provide
- * samples when requested).
- *
- * The player aims to feed the audio output with as little latency as possible
- * while avoiding buffer underrun. To achieve this, it attempts to maintain the
- * average buffering (the number of samples present in the buffer) around a
- * target value. If this target buffering is too low, then buffer underrun will
- * occur frequently. If it is too high, then latency will become unacceptable.
- * This target value is configured using the scrcpy option --audio-buffer.
- *
- * The player cannot adjust the sample input rate (it receives samples produced
- * in real-time) or the sample output rate (it must provide samples as
- * requested by the audio output callback). Therefore, it may only apply
- * compensation by resampling (converting _m_ input samples to _n_ output
- * samples).
- *
- * The compensation itself is applied by libswresample (FFmpeg). It is
- * configured using swr_set_compensation(). An important work for the player
- * is to estimate the compensation value regularly and apply it.
- *
- * The estimated buffering level is the result of averaging the "natural"
- * buffering (samples are produced and consumed by blocks, so it must be
- * smoothed), and making instant adjustments resulting of its own actions
- * (explicit compensation and silence insertion on underflow), which are not
- * smoothed.
- *
- * Buffer underflow events can occur when packets arrive too late. In that case,
- * the player inserts silence. Once the packets finally arrive (late), one
- * strategy could be to drop the samples that were replaced by silence, in
- * order to keep a minimal latency. However, dropping samples in case of buffer
- * underflow is inadvisable, as it would temporarily increase the underflow
- * even more and cause very noticeable audio glitches.
- *
- * Therefore, the player doesn't drop any sample on underflow. The compensation
- * mechanism will absorb the delay introduced by the inserted silence.
- */
-
 /** Downcast frame_sink to sc_audio_player */
 #define DOWNCAST(SINK) container_of(SINK, struct sc_audio_player, frame_sink)
 
-#define SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT AV_SAMPLE_FMT_FLT
 #define SC_SDL_SAMPLE_FMT AUDIO_F32
 
-#define TO_BYTES(SAMPLES) sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(&ap->buf, (SAMPLES))
-#define TO_SAMPLES(BYTES) sc_audiobuf_to_samples(&ap->buf, (BYTES))
-
 static void SDLCALL
 sc_audio_player_sdl_callback(void *userdata, uint8_t *stream, int len_int) {
     struct sc_audio_player *ap = userdata;
 
-    // This callback is called with the lock used by SDL_LockAudioDevice()
-
     assert(len_int > 0);
     size_t len = len_int;
-    uint32_t count = TO_SAMPLES(len);
 
-#ifdef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_DEBUG
-    LOGD("[Audio] SDL callback requests %" PRIu32 " samples", count);
-#endif
+    assert(len % ap->audioreg.sample_size == 0);
+    uint32_t out_samples = len / ap->audioreg.sample_size;
 
-    bool played = atomic_load_explicit(&ap->played, memory_order_relaxed);
-    if (!played) {
-        uint32_t buffered_samples = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ap->buf);
-        // Wait until the buffer is filled up to at least target_buffering
-        // before playing
-        if (buffered_samples < ap->target_buffering) {
-            LOGV("[Audio] Inserting initial buffering silence: %" PRIu32
-                 " samples", count);
-            // Delay playback starting to reach the target buffering. Fill the
-            // whole buffer with silence (len is small compared to the
-            // arbitrary margin value).
-            memset(stream, 0, len);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    uint32_t read = sc_audiobuf_read(&ap->buf, stream, count);
-
-    if (read < count) {
-        uint32_t silence = count - read;
-        // Insert silence. In theory, the inserted silent samples replace the
-        // missing real samples, which will arrive later, so they should be
-        // dropped to keep the latency minimal. However, this would cause very
-        // audible glitches, so let the clock compensation restore the target
-        // latency.
-        LOGD("[Audio] Buffer underflow, inserting silence: %" PRIu32 " samples",
-             silence);
-        memset(stream + TO_BYTES(read), 0, TO_BYTES(silence));
-
-        bool received = atomic_load_explicit(&ap->received,
-                                             memory_order_relaxed);
-        if (received) {
-            // Inserting additional samples immediately increases buffering
-            atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&ap->underflow, silence,
-                                      memory_order_relaxed);
-        }
-    }
-
-    atomic_store_explicit(&ap->played, true, memory_order_relaxed);
-}
-
-static uint8_t *
-sc_audio_player_get_swr_buf(struct sc_audio_player *ap, uint32_t min_samples) {
-    size_t min_buf_size = TO_BYTES(min_samples);
-    if (min_buf_size > ap->swr_buf_alloc_size) {
-        size_t new_size = min_buf_size + 4096;
-        uint8_t *buf = realloc(ap->swr_buf, new_size);
-        if (!buf) {
-            LOG_OOM();
-            // Could not realloc to the requested size
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        ap->swr_buf = buf;
-        ap->swr_buf_alloc_size = new_size;
-    }
-
-    return ap->swr_buf;
+    sc_audio_regulator_pull(&ap->audioreg, stream, out_samples);
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -140,209 +25,21 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_push(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
                                 const AVFrame *frame) {
     struct sc_audio_player *ap = DOWNCAST(sink);
 
-    SwrContext *swr_ctx = ap->swr_ctx;
-
-    int64_t swr_delay = swr_get_delay(swr_ctx, ap->sample_rate);
-    // No need to av_rescale_rnd(), input and output sample rates are the same.
-    // Add more space (256) for clock compensation.
-    int dst_nb_samples = swr_delay + frame->nb_samples + 256;
-
-    uint8_t *swr_buf = sc_audio_player_get_swr_buf(ap, dst_nb_samples);
-    if (!swr_buf) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    int ret = swr_convert(swr_ctx, &swr_buf, dst_nb_samples,
-                          (const uint8_t **) frame->data, frame->nb_samples);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        LOGE("Resampling failed: %d", ret);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // swr_convert() returns the number of samples which would have been
-    // written if the buffer was big enough.
-    uint32_t samples = MIN(ret, dst_nb_samples);
-#ifdef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_DEBUG
-    LOGD("[Audio] %" PRIu32 " samples written to buffer", samples);
-#endif
-
-    uint32_t cap = sc_audiobuf_capacity(&ap->buf);
-    if (samples > cap) {
-        // Very very unlikely: a single resampled frame should never
-        // exceed the audio buffer size (or something is very wrong).
-        // Ignore the first bytes in swr_buf to avoid memory corruption anyway.
-        swr_buf += TO_BYTES(samples - cap);
-        samples = cap;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t skipped_samples = 0;
-
-    uint32_t written = sc_audiobuf_write(&ap->buf, swr_buf, samples);
-    if (written < samples) {
-        uint32_t remaining = samples - written;
-
-        // All samples that could be written without locking have been written,
-        // now we need to lock to drop/consume old samples
-        SDL_LockAudioDevice(ap->device);
-
-        // Retry with the lock
-        written += sc_audiobuf_write(&ap->buf,
-                                     swr_buf + TO_BYTES(written),
-                                     remaining);
-        if (written < samples) {
-            remaining = samples - written;
-            // Still insufficient, drop old samples to make space
-            skipped_samples = sc_audiobuf_read(&ap->buf, NULL, remaining);
-            assert(skipped_samples == remaining);
-        }
-
-        SDL_UnlockAudioDevice(ap->device);
-
-        if (written < samples) {
-            // Now there is enough space
-            uint32_t w = sc_audiobuf_write(&ap->buf,
-                                           swr_buf + TO_BYTES(written),
-                                           remaining);
-            assert(w == remaining);
-            (void) w;
-        }
-    }
-
-    uint32_t underflow = 0;
-    uint32_t max_buffered_samples;
-    bool played = atomic_load_explicit(&ap->played, memory_order_relaxed);
-    if (played) {
-        underflow = atomic_exchange_explicit(&ap->underflow, 0,
-                                             memory_order_relaxed);
-
-        max_buffered_samples = ap->target_buffering
-                               + 12 * ap->output_buffer
-                               + ap->target_buffering / 10;
-    } else {
-        // SDL playback not started yet, do not accumulate more than
-        // max_initial_buffering samples, this would cause unnecessary delay
-        // (and glitches to compensate) on start.
-        max_buffered_samples = ap->target_buffering + 2 * ap->output_buffer;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t can_read = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ap->buf);
-    if (can_read > max_buffered_samples) {
-        uint32_t skip_samples = 0;
-
-        SDL_LockAudioDevice(ap->device);
-        can_read = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ap->buf);
-        if (can_read > max_buffered_samples) {
-            skip_samples = can_read - max_buffered_samples;
-            uint32_t r = sc_audiobuf_read(&ap->buf, NULL, skip_samples);
-            assert(r == skip_samples);
-            (void) r;
-            skipped_samples += skip_samples;
-        }
-        SDL_UnlockAudioDevice(ap->device);
-
-        if (skip_samples) {
-            if (played) {
-                LOGD("[Audio] Buffering threshold exceeded, skipping %" PRIu32
-                     " samples", skip_samples);
-#ifdef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_DEBUG
-            } else {
-                LOGD("[Audio] Playback not started, skipping %" PRIu32
-                     " samples", skip_samples);
-#endif
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    atomic_store_explicit(&ap->received, true, memory_order_relaxed);
-    if (!played) {
-        // Nothing more to do
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    // Number of samples added (or removed, if negative) for compensation
-    int32_t instant_compensation = (int32_t) written - frame->nb_samples;
-    // Inserting silence instantly increases buffering
-    int32_t inserted_silence = (int32_t) underflow;
-    // Dropping input samples instantly decreases buffering
-    int32_t dropped = (int32_t) skipped_samples;
-
-    // The compensation must apply instantly, it must not be smoothed
-    ap->avg_buffering.avg += instant_compensation + inserted_silence - dropped;
-    if (ap->avg_buffering.avg < 0) {
-        // Since dropping samples instantly reduces buffering, the difference
-        // is applied immediately to the average value, assuming that the delay
-        // between the producer and the consumer will be caught up.
-        //
-        // However, when this assumption is not valid, the average buffering
-        // may decrease indefinitely. Prevent it to become negative to limit
-        // the consequences.
-        ap->avg_buffering.avg = 0;
-    }
-
-    // However, the buffering level must be smoothed
-    sc_average_push(&ap->avg_buffering, can_read);
-
-#ifdef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_DEBUG
-    LOGD("[Audio] can_read=%" PRIu32 " avg_buffering=%f",
-         can_read, sc_average_get(&ap->avg_buffering));
-#endif
-
-    ap->samples_since_resync += written;
-    if (ap->samples_since_resync >= ap->sample_rate) {
-        // Recompute compensation every second
-        ap->samples_since_resync = 0;
-
-        float avg = sc_average_get(&ap->avg_buffering);
-        int diff = ap->target_buffering - avg;
-
-        // Enable compensation when the difference exceeds +/- 4ms.
-        // Disable compensation when the difference is lower than +/- 1ms.
-        int threshold = ap->compensation != 0
-                      ? ap->sample_rate     / 1000  /* 1ms */
-                      : ap->sample_rate * 4 / 1000; /* 4ms */
-
-        if (abs(diff) < threshold) {
-            // Do not compensate for small values, the error is just noise
-            diff = 0;
-        } else if (diff < 0 && can_read < ap->target_buffering) {
-            // Do not accelerate if the instant buffering level is below the
-            // target, this would increase underflow
-            diff = 0;
-        }
-        // Compensate the diff over 4 seconds (but will be recomputed after 1
-        // second)
-        int distance = 4 * ap->sample_rate;
-        // Limit compensation rate to 2%
-        int abs_max_diff = distance / 50;
-        diff = CLAMP(diff, -abs_max_diff, abs_max_diff);
-        LOGV("[Audio] Buffering: target=%" PRIu32 " avg=%f cur=%" PRIu32
-             " compensation=%d", ap->target_buffering, avg, can_read, diff);
-
-        if (diff != ap->compensation) {
-            int ret = swr_set_compensation(swr_ctx, diff, distance);
-            if (ret < 0) {
-                LOGW("Resampling compensation failed: %d", ret);
-                // not fatal
-            } else {
-                ap->compensation = diff;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
+    return sc_audio_regulator_push(&ap->audioreg, frame);
 }
 
 static bool
 sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
                                 const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
     struct sc_audio_player *ap = DOWNCAST(sink);
+
 #ifdef SCRCPY_LAVU_HAS_CHLAYOUT
-    assert(ctx->ch_layout.nb_channels > 0);
-    unsigned nb_channels = ctx->ch_layout.nb_channels;
+    assert(ctx->ch_layout.nb_channels > 0 && ctx->ch_layout.nb_channels < 256);
+    uint8_t nb_channels = ctx->ch_layout.nb_channels;
 #else
     int tmp = av_get_channel_layout_nb_channels(ctx->channel_layout);
-    assert(tmp > 0);
-    unsigned nb_channels = tmp;
+    assert(tmp > 0 && tmp < 256);
+    uint8_t nb_channels = tmp;
 #endif
 
     assert(ctx->sample_rate > 0);
@@ -350,17 +47,19 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
     int out_bytes_per_sample = av_get_bytes_per_sample(SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT);
     assert(out_bytes_per_sample > 0);
 
-    ap->sample_rate = ctx->sample_rate;
-    ap->nb_channels = nb_channels;
-    ap->out_bytes_per_sample = out_bytes_per_sample;
+    uint32_t target_buffering_samples =
+        ap->target_buffering_delay * ctx->sample_rate / SC_TICK_FREQ;
 
-    ap->target_buffering = ap->target_buffering_delay * ap->sample_rate
-                                                      / SC_TICK_FREQ;
+    size_t sample_size = nb_channels * out_bytes_per_sample;
+    bool ok = sc_audio_regulator_init(&ap->audioreg, sample_size, ctx,
+                                      target_buffering_samples);
+    if (!ok) {
+        return false;
+    }
 
-    uint64_t aout_samples = ap->output_buffer_duration * ap->sample_rate
+    uint64_t aout_samples = ap->output_buffer_duration * ctx->sample_rate
                                                        / SC_TICK_FREQ;
     assert(aout_samples <= 0xFFFF);
-    ap->output_buffer = (uint16_t) aout_samples;
 
     SDL_AudioSpec desired = {
         .freq = ctx->sample_rate,
@@ -375,69 +74,10 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
     ap->device = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(NULL, 0, &desired, &obtained, 0);
     if (!ap->device) {
         LOGE("Could not open audio device: %s", SDL_GetError());
+        sc_audio_regulator_destroy(&ap->audioreg);
         return false;
     }
 
-    SwrContext *swr_ctx = swr_alloc();
-    if (!swr_ctx) {
-        LOG_OOM();
-        goto error_close_audio_device;
-    }
-    ap->swr_ctx = swr_ctx;
-
-#ifdef SCRCPY_LAVU_HAS_CHLAYOUT
-    av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "in_chlayout", &ctx->ch_layout, 0);
-    av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "out_chlayout", &ctx->ch_layout, 0);
-#else
-    av_opt_set_channel_layout(swr_ctx, "in_channel_layout",
-                              ctx->channel_layout, 0);
-    av_opt_set_channel_layout(swr_ctx, "out_channel_layout",
-                              ctx->channel_layout, 0);
-#endif
-
-    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, "in_sample_rate", ctx->sample_rate, 0);
-    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, "out_sample_rate", ctx->sample_rate, 0);
-
-    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, "in_sample_fmt", ctx->sample_fmt, 0);
-    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, "out_sample_fmt", SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT, 0);
-
-    int ret = swr_init(swr_ctx);
-    if (ret) {
-        LOGE("Failed to initialize the resampling context");
-        goto error_free_swr_ctx;
-    }
-
-    // Use a ring-buffer of the target buffering size plus 1 second between the
-    // producer and the consumer. It's too big on purpose, to guarantee that
-    // the producer and the consumer will be able to access it in parallel
-    // without locking.
-    uint32_t audiobuf_samples = ap->target_buffering + ap->sample_rate;
-
-    size_t sample_size = ap->nb_channels * ap->out_bytes_per_sample;
-    bool ok = sc_audiobuf_init(&ap->buf, sample_size, audiobuf_samples);
-    if (!ok) {
-        goto error_free_swr_ctx;
-    }
-
-    size_t initial_swr_buf_size = TO_BYTES(4096);
-    ap->swr_buf = malloc(initial_swr_buf_size);
-    if (!ap->swr_buf) {
-        LOG_OOM();
-        goto error_destroy_audiobuf;
-    }
-    ap->swr_buf_alloc_size = initial_swr_buf_size;
-
-    // Samples are produced and consumed by blocks, so the buffering must be
-    // smoothed to get a relatively stable value.
-    sc_average_init(&ap->avg_buffering, 128);
-    ap->samples_since_resync = 0;
-
-    ap->received = false;
-    atomic_init(&ap->played, false);
-    atomic_init(&ap->received, false);
-    atomic_init(&ap->underflow, 0);
-    ap->compensation = 0;
-
     // The thread calling open() is the thread calling push(), which fills the
     // audio buffer consumed by the SDL audio thread.
     ok = sc_thread_set_priority(SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL);
@@ -449,15 +89,6 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
     SDL_PauseAudioDevice(ap->device, 0);
 
     return true;
-
-error_destroy_audiobuf:
-    sc_audiobuf_destroy(&ap->buf);
-error_free_swr_ctx:
-    swr_free(&ap->swr_ctx);
-error_close_audio_device:
-    SDL_CloseAudioDevice(ap->device);
-
-    return false;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -468,9 +99,7 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_close(struct sc_frame_sink *sink) {
     SDL_PauseAudioDevice(ap->device, 1);
     SDL_CloseAudioDevice(ap->device);
 
-    free(ap->swr_buf);
-    sc_audiobuf_destroy(&ap->buf);
-    swr_free(&ap->swr_ctx);
+    sc_audio_regulator_destroy(&ap->audioreg);
 }
 
 void

app/src/audio_player.h

@@ -5,76 +5,27 @@
 
 #include <stdatomic.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
-#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
-#include <libswresample/swresample.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL.h>
 
+#include "audio_regulator.h"
 #include "trait/frame_sink.h"
-#include "util/audiobuf.h"
-#include "util/average.h"
-#include "util/thread.h"
 #include "util/tick.h"
 
 struct sc_audio_player {
     struct sc_frame_sink frame_sink;
 
-    SDL_AudioDeviceID device;
-
     // The target buffering between the producer and the consumer. This value
     // is directly use for compensation.
     // Since audio capture and/or encoding on the device typically produce
     // blocks of 960 samples (20ms) or 1024 samples (~21.3ms), this target
     // value should be higher.
     sc_tick target_buffering_delay;
-    uint32_t target_buffering; // in samples
 
-    // SDL audio output buffer size.
+    // SDL audio output buffer size
     sc_tick output_buffer_duration;
-    uint16_t output_buffer;
 
-    // Audio buffer to communicate between the receiver and the SDL audio
-    // callback
-    struct sc_audiobuf buf;
-
-    // Resampler (only used from the receiver thread)
-    struct SwrContext *swr_ctx;
-
-    // The sample rate is the same for input and output
-    unsigned sample_rate;
-    // The number of channels is the same for input and output
-    unsigned nb_channels;
-    // The number of bytes per sample for a single channel
-    size_t out_bytes_per_sample;
-
-    // Target buffer for resampling (only used by the receiver thread)
-    uint8_t *swr_buf;
-    size_t swr_buf_alloc_size;
-
-    // Number of buffered samples (may be negative on underflow) (only used by
-    // the receiver thread)
-    struct sc_average avg_buffering;
-    // Count the number of samples to trigger a compensation update regularly
-    // (only used by the receiver thread)
-    uint32_t samples_since_resync;
-
-    // Number of silence samples inserted since the last received packet
-    atomic_uint_least32_t underflow;
-
-    // Current applied compensation value (only used by the receiver thread)
-    int compensation;
-
-    // Set to true the first time a sample is received
-    atomic_bool received;
-
-    // Set to true the first time the SDL callback is called
-    atomic_bool played;
-
-    const struct sc_audio_player_callbacks *cbs;
-    void *cbs_userdata;
-};
-
-struct sc_audio_player_callbacks {
-    void (*on_ended)(struct sc_audio_player *ap, bool success, void *userdata);
+    SDL_AudioDeviceID device;
+    struct sc_audio_regulator audioreg;
 };
 
 void

app/src/audio_regulator.c

@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+#include "audio_regulator.h"
+
+#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
+#include <libavutil/opt.h>
+
+#include "util/log.h"
+
+//#define SC_AUDIO_REGULATOR_DEBUG // uncomment to debug
+
+/**
+ * Real-time audio regulator with configurable latency
+ *
+ * As input, the regulator regularly receives AVFrames of decoded audio samples.
+ * As output, the audio player regularly requests audio samples to be played.
+ * In the middle, an audio buffer stores the samples produced but not consumed
+ * yet.
+ *
+ * The goal of the regulator is to feed the audio player with a latency as low
+ * as possible while avoiding buffer underrun (i.e. not being able to provide
+ * samples when requested).
+ *
+ * To achieve this, it attempts to maintain the average buffering (the number
+ * of samples present in the buffer) around a target value. If this target
+ * buffering is too low, then buffer underrun will occur frequently. If it is
+ * too high, then latency will become unacceptable. This target value is
+ * configured using the scrcpy option --audio-buffer.
+ *
+ * The regulator cannot adjust the sample input rate (it receives samples
+ * produced in real-time) or the sample output rate (it must provide samples as
+ * requested by the audio player). Therefore, it may only apply compensation by
+ * resampling (converting _m_ input samples to _n_ output samples).
+ *
+ * The compensation itself is applied by libswresample (FFmpeg). It is
+ * configured using swr_set_compensation(). An important work for the regulator
+ * is to estimate the compensation value regularly and apply it.
+ *
+ * The estimated buffering level is the result of averaging the "natural"
+ * buffering (samples are produced and consumed by blocks, so it must be
+ * smoothed), and making instant adjustments resulting of its own actions
+ * (explicit compensation and silence insertion on underflow), which are not
+ * smoothed.
+ *
+ * Buffer underflow events can occur when packets arrive too late. In that case,
+ * the regulator inserts silence. Once the packets finally arrive (late), one
+ * strategy could be to drop the samples that were replaced by silence, in
+ * order to keep a minimal latency. However, dropping samples in case of buffer
+ * underflow is inadvisable, as it would temporarily increase the underflow
+ * even more and cause very noticeable audio glitches.
+ *
+ * Therefore, the regulator doesn't drop any sample on underflow. The
+ * compensation mechanism will absorb the delay introduced by the inserted
+ * silence.
+ */
+
+#define TO_BYTES(SAMPLES) sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(&ar->buf, (SAMPLES))
+#define TO_SAMPLES(BYTES) sc_audiobuf_to_samples(&ar->buf, (BYTES))
+
+void
+sc_audio_regulator_pull(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar, uint8_t *out,
+                        uint32_t out_samples) {
+#ifdef SC_AUDIO_REGULATOR_DEBUG
+    LOGD("[Audio] Audio regulator pulls %" PRIu32 " samples", out_samples);
+#endif
+
+    // A lock is necessary in the rare case where the producer needs to drop
+    // samples already pushed (when the buffer is full)
+    sc_mutex_lock(&ar->mutex);
+
+    bool played = atomic_load_explicit(&ar->played, memory_order_relaxed);
+    if (!played) {
+        uint32_t buffered_samples = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ar->buf);
+        // Wait until the buffer is filled up to at least target_buffering
+        // before playing
+        if (buffered_samples < ar->target_buffering) {
+            LOGV("[Audio] Inserting initial buffering silence: %" PRIu32
+                 " samples", out_samples);
+            // Delay playback starting to reach the target buffering. Fill the
+            // whole buffer with silence (len is small compared to the
+            // arbitrary margin value).
+            memset(out, 0, out_samples * ar->sample_size);
+            sc_mutex_unlock(&ar->mutex);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    uint32_t read = sc_audiobuf_read(&ar->buf, out, out_samples);
+
+    sc_mutex_unlock(&ar->mutex);
+
+    if (read < out_samples) {
+        uint32_t silence = out_samples - read;
+        // Insert silence. In theory, the inserted silent samples replace the
+        // missing real samples, which will arrive later, so they should be
+        // dropped to keep the latency minimal. However, this would cause very
+        // audible glitches, so let the clock compensation restore the target
+        // latency.
+        LOGD("[Audio] Buffer underflow, inserting silence: %" PRIu32 " samples",
+             silence);
+        memset(out + TO_BYTES(read), 0, TO_BYTES(silence));
+
+        bool received = atomic_load_explicit(&ar->received,
+                                             memory_order_relaxed);
+        if (received) {
+            // Inserting additional samples immediately increases buffering
+            atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&ar->underflow, silence,
+                                      memory_order_relaxed);
+        }
+    }
+
+    atomic_store_explicit(&ar->played, true, memory_order_relaxed);
+}
+
+static uint8_t *
+sc_audio_regulator_get_swr_buf(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar,
+                               uint32_t min_samples) {
+    size_t min_buf_size = TO_BYTES(min_samples);
+    if (min_buf_size > ar->swr_buf_alloc_size) {
+        size_t new_size = min_buf_size + 4096;
+        uint8_t *buf = realloc(ar->swr_buf, new_size);
+        if (!buf) {
+            LOG_OOM();
+            // Could not realloc to the requested size
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        ar->swr_buf = buf;
+        ar->swr_buf_alloc_size = new_size;
+    }
+
+    return ar->swr_buf;
+}
+
+bool
+sc_audio_regulator_push(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar, const AVFrame *frame) {
+    SwrContext *swr_ctx = ar->swr_ctx;
+
+    int64_t swr_delay = swr_get_delay(swr_ctx, ar->sample_rate);
+    // No need to av_rescale_rnd(), input and output sample rates are the same.
+    // Add more space (256) for clock compensation.
+    int dst_nb_samples = swr_delay + frame->nb_samples + 256;
+
+    uint8_t *swr_buf = sc_audio_regulator_get_swr_buf(ar, dst_nb_samples);
+    if (!swr_buf) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int ret = swr_convert(swr_ctx, &swr_buf, dst_nb_samples,
+                          (const uint8_t **) frame->data, frame->nb_samples);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        LOGE("Resampling failed: %d", ret);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // swr_convert() returns the number of samples which would have been
+    // written if the buffer was big enough.
+    uint32_t samples = MIN(ret, dst_nb_samples);
+#ifdef SC_AUDIO_REGULATOR_DEBUG
+    LOGD("[Audio] %" PRIu32 " samples written to buffer", samples);
+#endif
+
+    uint32_t cap = sc_audiobuf_capacity(&ar->buf);
+    if (samples > cap) {
+        // Very very unlikely: a single resampled frame should never
+        // exceed the audio buffer size (or something is very wrong).
+        // Ignore the first bytes in swr_buf to avoid memory corruption anyway.
+        swr_buf += TO_BYTES(samples - cap);
+        samples = cap;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t skipped_samples = 0;
+
+    uint32_t written = sc_audiobuf_write(&ar->buf, swr_buf, samples);
+    if (written < samples) {
+        uint32_t remaining = samples - written;
+
+        // All samples that could be written without locking have been written,
+        // now we need to lock to drop/consume old samples
+        sc_mutex_lock(&ar->mutex);
+
+        // Retry with the lock
+        written += sc_audiobuf_write(&ar->buf,
+                                     swr_buf + TO_BYTES(written),
+                                     remaining);
+        if (written < samples) {
+            remaining = samples - written;
+            // Still insufficient, drop old samples to make space
+            skipped_samples = sc_audiobuf_read(&ar->buf, NULL, remaining);
+            assert(skipped_samples == remaining);
+        }
+
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&ar->mutex);
+
+        if (written < samples) {
+            // Now there is enough space
+            uint32_t w = sc_audiobuf_write(&ar->buf,
+                                           swr_buf + TO_BYTES(written),
+                                           remaining);
+            assert(w == remaining);
+            (void) w;
+        }
+    }
+
+    uint32_t underflow = 0;
+    uint32_t max_buffered_samples;
+    bool played = atomic_load_explicit(&ar->played, memory_order_relaxed);
+    if (played) {
+        underflow = atomic_exchange_explicit(&ar->underflow, 0,
+                                             memory_order_relaxed);
+
+        max_buffered_samples = ar->target_buffering * 11 / 10
+                             + 60 * ar->sample_rate / 1000 /* 60 ms */;
+    } else {
+        // Playback not started yet, do not accumulate more than
+        // max_initial_buffering samples, this would cause unnecessary delay
+        // (and glitches to compensate) on start.
+        max_buffered_samples = ar->target_buffering
+                             + 10 * ar->sample_rate / 1000 /* 10 ms */;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t can_read = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ar->buf);
+    if (can_read > max_buffered_samples) {
+        uint32_t skip_samples = 0;
+
+        sc_mutex_lock(&ar->mutex);
+        can_read = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ar->buf);
+        if (can_read > max_buffered_samples) {
+            skip_samples = can_read - max_buffered_samples;
+            uint32_t r = sc_audiobuf_read(&ar->buf, NULL, skip_samples);
+            assert(r == skip_samples);
+            (void) r;
+            skipped_samples += skip_samples;
+        }
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&ar->mutex);
+
+        if (skip_samples) {
+            if (played) {
+                LOGD("[Audio] Buffering threshold exceeded, skipping %" PRIu32
+                     " samples", skip_samples);
+#ifdef SC_AUDIO_REGULATOR_DEBUG
+            } else {
+                LOGD("[Audio] Playback not started, skipping %" PRIu32
+                     " samples", skip_samples);
+#endif
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    atomic_store_explicit(&ar->received, true, memory_order_relaxed);
+    if (!played) {
+        // Nothing more to do
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Number of samples added (or removed, if negative) for compensation
+    int32_t instant_compensation = (int32_t) written - frame->nb_samples;
+    // Inserting silence instantly increases buffering
+    int32_t inserted_silence = (int32_t) underflow;
+    // Dropping input samples instantly decreases buffering
+    int32_t dropped = (int32_t) skipped_samples;
+
+    // The compensation must apply instantly, it must not be smoothed
+    ar->avg_buffering.avg += instant_compensation + inserted_silence - dropped;
+    if (ar->avg_buffering.avg < 0) {
+        // Since dropping samples instantly reduces buffering, the difference
+        // is applied immediately to the average value, assuming that the delay
+        // between the producer and the consumer will be caught up.
+        //
+        // However, when this assumption is not valid, the average buffering
+        // may decrease indefinitely. Prevent it to become negative to limit
+        // the consequences.
+        ar->avg_buffering.avg = 0;
+    }
+
+    // However, the buffering level must be smoothed
+    sc_average_push(&ar->avg_buffering, can_read);
+
+#ifdef SC_AUDIO_REGULATOR_DEBUG
+    LOGD("[Audio] can_read=%" PRIu32 " avg_buffering=%f",
+         can_read, sc_average_get(&ar->avg_buffering));
+#endif
+
+    ar->samples_since_resync += written;
+    if (ar->samples_since_resync >= ar->sample_rate) {
+        // Recompute compensation every second
+        ar->samples_since_resync = 0;
+
+        float avg = sc_average_get(&ar->avg_buffering);
+        int diff = ar->target_buffering - avg;
+
+        // Enable compensation when the difference exceeds +/- 4ms.
+        // Disable compensation when the difference is lower than +/- 1ms.
+        int threshold = ar->compensation != 0
+                      ? ar->sample_rate     / 1000  /* 1ms */
+                      : ar->sample_rate * 4 / 1000; /* 4ms */
+
+        if (abs(diff) < threshold) {
+            // Do not compensate for small values, the error is just noise
+            diff = 0;
+        } else if (diff < 0 && can_read < ar->target_buffering) {
+            // Do not accelerate if the instant buffering level is below the
+            // target, this would increase underflow
+            diff = 0;
+        }
+        // Compensate the diff over 4 seconds (but will be recomputed after 1
+        // second)
+        int distance = 4 * ar->sample_rate;
+        // Limit compensation rate to 2%
+        int abs_max_diff = distance / 50;
+        diff = CLAMP(diff, -abs_max_diff, abs_max_diff);
+        LOGV("[Audio] Buffering: target=%" PRIu32 " avg=%f cur=%" PRIu32
+             " compensation=%d", ar->target_buffering, avg, can_read, diff);
+
+        if (diff != ar->compensation) {
+            int ret = swr_set_compensation(swr_ctx, diff, distance);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                LOGW("Resampling compensation failed: %d", ret);
+                // not fatal
+            } else {
+                ar->compensation = diff;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+sc_audio_regulator_init(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar, size_t sample_size,
+                        const AVCodecContext *ctx, uint32_t target_buffering) {
+    SwrContext *swr_ctx = swr_alloc();
+    if (!swr_ctx) {
+        LOG_OOM();
+        return false;
+    }
+    ar->swr_ctx = swr_ctx;
+
+#ifdef SCRCPY_LAVU_HAS_CHLAYOUT
+    av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "in_chlayout", &ctx->ch_layout, 0);
+    av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "out_chlayout", &ctx->ch_layout, 0);
+#else
+    av_opt_set_channel_layout(swr_ctx, "in_channel_layout",
+                              ctx->channel_layout, 0);
+    av_opt_set_channel_layout(swr_ctx, "out_channel_layout",
+                              ctx->channel_layout, 0);
+#endif
+
+    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, "in_sample_rate", ctx->sample_rate, 0);
+    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, "out_sample_rate", ctx->sample_rate, 0);
+
+    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, "in_sample_fmt", ctx->sample_fmt, 0);
+    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, "out_sample_fmt", SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT, 0);
+
+    int ret = swr_init(swr_ctx);
+    if (ret) {
+        LOGE("Failed to initialize the resampling context");
+        goto error_free_swr_ctx;
+    }
+
+    bool ok = sc_mutex_init(&ar->mutex);
+    if (!ok) {
+        goto error_free_swr_ctx;
+    }
+
+    ar->target_buffering = target_buffering;
+    ar->sample_size = sample_size;
+    ar->sample_rate = ctx->sample_rate;
+
+    // Use a ring-buffer of the target buffering size plus 1 second between the
+    // producer and the consumer. It's too big on purpose, to guarantee that
+    // the producer and the consumer will be able to access it in parallel
+    // without locking.
+    uint32_t audiobuf_samples = target_buffering + ar->sample_rate;
+
+    ok = sc_audiobuf_init(&ar->buf, sample_size, audiobuf_samples);
+    if (!ok) {
+        goto error_destroy_mutex;
+    }
+
+    size_t initial_swr_buf_size = TO_BYTES(4096);
+    ar->swr_buf = malloc(initial_swr_buf_size);
+    if (!ar->swr_buf) {
+        LOG_OOM();
+        goto error_destroy_audiobuf;
+    }
+    ar->swr_buf_alloc_size = initial_swr_buf_size;
+
+    // Samples are produced and consumed by blocks, so the buffering must be
+    // smoothed to get a relatively stable value.
+    sc_average_init(&ar->avg_buffering, 128);
+    ar->samples_since_resync = 0;
+
+    ar->received = false;
+    atomic_init(&ar->played, false);
+    atomic_init(&ar->received, false);
+    atomic_init(&ar->underflow, 0);
+    ar->compensation = 0;
+
+    return true;
+
+error_destroy_audiobuf:
+    sc_audiobuf_destroy(&ar->buf);
+error_destroy_mutex:
+    sc_mutex_destroy(&ar->mutex);
+error_free_swr_ctx:
+    swr_free(&ar->swr_ctx);
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+void
+sc_audio_regulator_destroy(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar) {
+    free(ar->swr_buf);
+    sc_audiobuf_destroy(&ar->buf);
+    sc_mutex_destroy(&ar->mutex);
+    swr_free(&ar->swr_ctx);
+}

app/src/audio_regulator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#ifndef SC_AUDIO_REGULATOR_H
+#define SC_AUDIO_REGULATOR_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
+#include <libswresample/swresample.h>
+#include "util/audiobuf.h"
+#include "util/average.h"
+#include "util/thread.h"
+
+#define SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT AV_SAMPLE_FMT_FLT
+
+struct sc_audio_regulator {
+    sc_mutex mutex;
+
+    // Target buffering between the producer and the consumer (in samples)
+    uint32_t target_buffering;
+
+    // Audio buffer to communicate between the receiver and the player
+    struct sc_audiobuf buf;
+
+    // Resampler (only used from the receiver thread)
+    struct SwrContext *swr_ctx;
+
+    // The sample rate is the same for input and output
+    uint32_t sample_rate;
+    // The number of bytes per sample (for all channels)
+    size_t sample_size;
+
+    // Target buffer for resampling (only used by the receiver thread)
+    uint8_t *swr_buf;
+    size_t swr_buf_alloc_size;
+
+    // Number of buffered samples (may be negative on underflow) (only used by
+    // the receiver thread)
+    struct sc_average avg_buffering;
+    // Count the number of samples to trigger a compensation update regularly
+    // (only used by the receiver thread)
+    uint32_t samples_since_resync;
+
+    // Number of silence samples inserted since the last received packet
+    atomic_uint_least32_t underflow;
+
+    // Current applied compensation value (only used by the receiver thread)
+    int compensation;
+
+    // Set to true the first time a sample is received
+    atomic_bool received;
+
+    // Set to true the first time samples are pulled by the player
+    atomic_bool played;
+};
+
+bool
+sc_audio_regulator_init(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar, size_t sample_size,
+                        const AVCodecContext *ctx, uint32_t target_buffering);
+
+void
+sc_audio_regulator_destroy(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar);
+
+bool
+sc_audio_regulator_push(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar, const AVFrame *frame);
+
+void
+sc_audio_regulator_pull(struct sc_audio_regulator *ar, uint8_t *out,
+                        uint32_t samples);
+
+#endif

app/src/cli.c

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ enum {
     OPT_POWER_OFF_ON_CLOSE,
     OPT_V4L2_SINK,
     OPT_DISPLAY_BUFFER,
+    OPT_VIDEO_BUFFER,
     OPT_V4L2_BUFFER,
     OPT_TUNNEL_HOST,
     OPT_TUNNEL_PORT,
@@ -102,6 +103,9 @@ enum {
     OPT_NO_MOUSE_HOVER,
     OPT_AUDIO_DUP,
     OPT_GAMEPAD,
+    OPT_NEW_DISPLAY,
+    OPT_LIST_APPS,
+    OPT_START_APP,
 };
 
 struct sc_option {
@@ -318,12 +322,10 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
         .argdesc = "id",
     },
     {
+        // deprecated
         .longopt_id = OPT_DISPLAY_BUFFER,
         .longopt = "display-buffer",
         .argdesc = "ms",
-        .text = "Add a buffering delay (in milliseconds) before displaying. "
-                "This increases latency to compensate for jitter.\n"
-                "Default is 0 (no buffering).",
     },
     {
         .longopt_id = OPT_DISPLAY_ID,
@@ -442,6 +444,11 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
                 "This is a workaround for some devices not behaving as "
                 "expected when setting the device clipboard programmatically.",
     },
+    {
+        .longopt_id = OPT_LIST_APPS,
+        .longopt = "list-apps",
+        .text = "List Android apps installed on the device.",
+    },
     {
         .longopt_id = OPT_LIST_CAMERAS,
         .longopt = "list-cameras",
@@ -557,6 +564,21 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
         .text = "Disable video and audio playback on the computer (equivalent "
                 "to --no-video-playback --no-audio-playback).",
     },
+    {
+        .longopt_id = OPT_NEW_DISPLAY,
+        .longopt = "new-display",
+        .argdesc = "[<width>x<height>][/<dpi>]",
+        .optional_arg = true,
+        .text = "Create a new display with the specified resolution and "
+                "density. If not provided, they default to the main display "
+                "dimensions and DPI, and --max-size is considered.\n"
+                "Examples:\n"
+                "    --new-display=1920x1080\n"
+                "    --new-display=1920x1080/420  # force 420 dpi\n"
+                "    --new-display         # main display size and density\n"
+                "    --new-display -m1920  # scaled to fit a max size of 1920\n"
+                "    --new-display=/240    # main display size and 240 dpi",
+    },
     {
         .longopt_id = OPT_NO_AUDIO,
         .longopt = "no-audio",
@@ -784,6 +806,20 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
                 "shortcuts, pass \"lctrl,lsuper\".\n"
                 "Default is \"lalt,lsuper\" (left-Alt or left-Super).",
     },
+    {
+        .longopt_id = OPT_START_APP,
+        .longopt = "start-app",
+        .argdesc = "name",
+        .text = "Start an Android app, by its exact package name.\n"
+                "Add a '?' prefix to select an app whose name starts with the "
+                "given name, case-insensitive (retrieving app names on the "
+                "device may take some time):\n"
+                "    scrcpy --start-app=?firefox\n"
+                "Add a '+' prefix to force-stop before starting the app:\n"
+                "    scrcpy --new-display --start-app=+org.mozilla.firefox\n"
+                "Both prefixes can be used, in that order:\n"
+                "    scrcpy --start-app=+?firefox",
+    },
     {
         .shortopt = 't',
         .longopt = "show-touches",
@@ -861,11 +897,20 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
         .argdesc = "ms",
         .text = "Add a buffering delay (in milliseconds) before pushing "
                 "frames. This increases latency to compensate for jitter.\n"
-                "This option is similar to --display-buffer, but specific to "
+                "This option is similar to --video-buffer, but specific to "
                 "V4L2 sink.\n"
                 "Default is 0 (no buffering).\n"
                 "This option is only available on Linux.",
     },
+    {
+        .longopt_id = OPT_VIDEO_BUFFER,
+        .longopt = "video-buffer",
+        .argdesc = "ms",
+        .text = "Add a buffering delay (in milliseconds) before displaying "
+                "video frames.\n"
+                "This increases latency to compensate for jitter.\n"
+                "Default is 0 (no buffering).",
+    },
     {
         .longopt_id = OPT_VIDEO_CODEC,
         .longopt = "video-codec",
@@ -1072,7 +1117,11 @@ static const struct sc_shortcut shortcuts[] = {
     },
     {
         .shortcuts = { "Shift+click-and-move" },
-        .text = "Tilt (slide vertically with two fingers)",
+        .text = "Tilt vertically (slide with 2 fingers)",
+    },
+    {
+        .shortcuts = { "Ctrl+Shift+click-and-move" },
+        .text = "Tilt horizontally (slide with 2 fingers)",
     },
     {
         .shortcuts = { "Drag & drop APK file" },
@@ -2508,7 +2557,11 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
                 opts->power_off_on_close = true;
                 break;
             case OPT_DISPLAY_BUFFER:
-                if (!parse_buffering_time(optarg, &opts->display_buffer)) {
+                LOGW("--display-buffer is deprecated, use --video-buffer "
+                     "instead.");
+                // fall through
+            case OPT_VIDEO_BUFFER:
+                if (!parse_buffering_time(optarg, &opts->video_buffer)) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 break;
@@ -2591,6 +2644,9 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
             case OPT_LIST_CAMERA_SIZES:
                 opts->list |= SC_OPTION_LIST_CAMERA_SIZES;
                 break;
+            case OPT_LIST_APPS:
+                opts->list |= SC_OPTION_LIST_APPS;
+                break;
             case OPT_REQUIRE_AUDIO:
                 opts->require_audio = true;
                 break;
@@ -2664,6 +2720,12 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
                     return false;
                 }
                 break;
+            case OPT_NEW_DISPLAY:
+                opts->new_display = optarg ? optarg : "";
+                break;
+            case OPT_START_APP:
+                opts->start_app = optarg;
+                break;
             default:
                 // getopt prints the error message on stderr
                 return false;
@@ -2762,7 +2824,8 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
                 SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_UNLOCKED) {
             LOGI("Video orientation is locked for v4l2 sink. "
                  "See --lock-video-orientation.");
-            opts->lock_video_orientation = SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL;
+            opts->lock_video_orientation =
+                SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL_AUTO;
         }
 
         // V4L2 could not handle size change.
@@ -2772,7 +2835,7 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
     }
 
     if (opts->v4l2_buffer && !opts->v4l2_device) {
-        LOGE("V4L2 buffer value without V4L2 sink\n");
+        LOGE("V4L2 buffer value without V4L2 sink");
         return false;
     }
 #endif
@@ -2791,8 +2854,8 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
             if (otg) {
                 opts->mouse_input_mode = SC_MOUSE_INPUT_MODE_AOA;
             } else if (!opts->video_playback) {
-                LOGI("No video mirroring, mouse mode switched to UHID");
-                opts->mouse_input_mode = SC_MOUSE_INPUT_MODE_UHID;
+                LOGI("No video mirroring, SDK mouse disabled");
+                opts->mouse_input_mode = SC_MOUSE_INPUT_MODE_DISABLED;
             } else {
                 opts->mouse_input_mode = SC_MOUSE_INPUT_MODE_SDK;
             }
@@ -2844,6 +2907,25 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
         }
     }
 
+    if (opts->new_display) {
+        if (opts->video_source != SC_VIDEO_SOURCE_DISPLAY) {
+            LOGE("--new-display is only available with --video-source=display");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!opts->video) {
+            LOGE("--new-display is incompatible with --no-video");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (opts->max_size && opts->new_display[0] != '\0'
+                           && opts->new_display[0] != '/') {
+            // An explicit size is defined (not "" nor "/<dpi>")
+            LOGE("Cannot specify both --new-display size and -m/--max-size");
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
     if (otg) {
         if (!opts->control) {
             LOGE("--no-control is not allowed in OTG mode");
@@ -2950,6 +3032,11 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
         return false;
     }
 
+    if (opts->display_id != 0 && opts->new_display) {
+        LOGE("Cannot specify both --display-id and --new-display");
+        return false;
+    }
+
     if (opts->audio && opts->audio_source == SC_AUDIO_SOURCE_AUTO) {
         // Select the audio source according to the video source
         if (opts->video_source == SC_VIDEO_SOURCE_DISPLAY) {
@@ -3082,6 +3169,10 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
             LOGE("Cannot request power off on close if control is disabled");
             return false;
         }
+        if (opts->start_app) {
+            LOGE("Cannot start an Android app if control is disabled");
+            return false;
+        }
     }
 
 # ifdef _WIN32

app/src/control_msg.c

@@ -22,9 +22,6 @@
 #define MOTIONEVENT_ACTION_LABEL(value) \
     ENUM_TO_LABEL(android_motionevent_action_labels, value)
 
-#define SCREEN_POWER_MODE_LABEL(value) \
-    ENUM_TO_LABEL(screen_power_mode_labels, value)
-
 static const char *const android_keyevent_action_labels[] = {
     "down",
     "up",
@@ -47,14 +44,6 @@ static const char *const android_motionevent_action_labels[] = {
     "btn-release",
 };
 
-static const char *const screen_power_mode_labels[] = {
-    "off",
-    "doze",
-    "normal",
-    "doze-suspend",
-    "suspend",
-};
-
 static const char *const copy_key_labels[] = {
     "none",
     "copy",
@@ -158,8 +147,8 @@ sc_control_msg_serialize(const struct sc_control_msg *msg, uint8_t *buf) {
             size_t len = write_string(&buf[10], msg->set_clipboard.text,
                                       SC_CONTROL_MSG_CLIPBOARD_TEXT_MAX_LENGTH);
             return 10 + len;
-        case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE:
-            buf[1] = msg->set_screen_power_mode.mode;
+        case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER:
+            buf[1] = msg->set_display_power.on;
             return 2;
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_UHID_CREATE:
             sc_write16be(&buf[1], msg->uhid_create.id);
@@ -183,6 +172,10 @@ sc_control_msg_serialize(const struct sc_control_msg *msg, uint8_t *buf) {
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_UHID_DESTROY:
             sc_write16be(&buf[1], msg->uhid_destroy.id);
             return 3;
+        case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_START_APP: {
+            size_t len = write_string_tiny(&buf[1], msg->start_app.name, 255);
+            return 1 + len;
+        }
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_EXPAND_NOTIFICATION_PANEL:
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_EXPAND_SETTINGS_PANEL:
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_COLLAPSE_PANELS:
@@ -264,9 +257,9 @@ sc_control_msg_log(const struct sc_control_msg *msg) {
                      msg->set_clipboard.paste ? "paste" : "nopaste",
                      msg->set_clipboard.text);
             break;
-        case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE:
-            LOG_CMSG("power mode %s",
-                     SCREEN_POWER_MODE_LABEL(msg->set_screen_power_mode.mode));
+        case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER:
+            LOG_CMSG("display power %s",
+                     msg->set_display_power.on ? "on" : "off");
             break;
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_EXPAND_NOTIFICATION_PANEL:
             LOG_CMSG("expand notification panel");
@@ -308,6 +301,9 @@ sc_control_msg_log(const struct sc_control_msg *msg) {
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_OPEN_HARD_KEYBOARD_SETTINGS:
             LOG_CMSG("open hard keyboard settings");
             break;
+        case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_START_APP:
+            LOG_CMSG("start app \"%s\"", msg->start_app.name);
+            break;
         default:
             LOG_CMSG("unknown type: %u", (unsigned) msg->type);
             break;
@@ -333,6 +329,9 @@ sc_control_msg_destroy(struct sc_control_msg *msg) {
         case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_CLIPBOARD:
             free(msg->set_clipboard.text);
             break;
+        case SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_START_APP:
+            free(msg->start_app.name);
+            break;
         default:
             // do nothing
             break;

app/src/control_msg.h

@@ -35,18 +35,13 @@ enum sc_control_msg_type {
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_COLLAPSE_PANELS,
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_GET_CLIPBOARD,
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_CLIPBOARD,
-    SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE,
+    SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER,
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_ROTATE_DEVICE,
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_UHID_CREATE,
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_UHID_INPUT,
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_UHID_DESTROY,
     SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_OPEN_HARD_KEYBOARD_SETTINGS,
-};
-
-enum sc_screen_power_mode {
-    // see <https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base.git/+/pie-release-2/core/java/android/view/SurfaceControl.java#305>
-    SC_SCREEN_POWER_MODE_OFF = 0,
-    SC_SCREEN_POWER_MODE_NORMAL = 2,
+    SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_START_APP,
 };
 
 enum sc_copy_key {
@@ -94,8 +89,8 @@ struct sc_control_msg {
             bool paste;
         } set_clipboard;
         struct {
-            enum sc_screen_power_mode mode;
-        } set_screen_power_mode;
+            bool on;
+        } set_display_power;
         struct {
             uint16_t id;
             const char *name; // pointer to static data
@@ -110,6 +105,9 @@ struct sc_control_msg {
         struct {
             uint16_t id;
         } uhid_destroy;
+        struct {
+            char *name;
+        } start_app;
     };
 };
 

app/src/events.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
-#include <SDL_events.h>
+#include <SDL2/SDL_events.h>
 
 enum {
     SC_EVENT_NEW_FRAME = SDL_USEREVENT,

app/src/input_manager.c

@@ -5,53 +5,9 @@
 
 #include "input_events.h"
 #include "screen.h"
+#include "shortcut_mod.h"
 #include "util/log.h"
 
-#define SC_SDL_SHORTCUT_MODS_MASK (KMOD_CTRL | KMOD_ALT | KMOD_GUI)
-
-static inline uint16_t
-to_sdl_mod(uint8_t shortcut_mod) {
-    uint16_t sdl_mod = 0;
-    if (shortcut_mod & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_LCTRL) {
-        sdl_mod |= KMOD_LCTRL;
-    }
-    if (shortcut_mod & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_RCTRL) {
-        sdl_mod |= KMOD_RCTRL;
-    }
-    if (shortcut_mod & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_LALT) {
-        sdl_mod |= KMOD_LALT;
-    }
-    if (shortcut_mod & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_RALT) {
-        sdl_mod |= KMOD_RALT;
-    }
-    if (shortcut_mod & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_LSUPER) {
-        sdl_mod |= KMOD_LGUI;
-    }
-    if (shortcut_mod & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_RSUPER) {
-        sdl_mod |= KMOD_RGUI;
-    }
-    return sdl_mod;
-}
-
-static bool
-is_shortcut_mod(struct sc_input_manager *im, uint16_t sdl_mod) {
-    // keep only the relevant modifier keys
-    sdl_mod &= SC_SDL_SHORTCUT_MODS_MASK;
-
-    // at least one shortcut mod pressed?
-    return sdl_mod & im->sdl_shortcut_mods;
-}
-
-static bool
-is_shortcut_key(struct sc_input_manager *im, SDL_Keycode keycode) {
-    return (im->sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_LCTRL && keycode == SDLK_LCTRL)
-        || (im->sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_RCTRL && keycode == SDLK_RCTRL)
-        || (im->sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_LALT  && keycode == SDLK_LALT)
-        || (im->sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_RALT  && keycode == SDLK_RALT)
-        || (im->sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_LGUI  && keycode == SDLK_LGUI)
-        || (im->sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_RGUI  && keycode == SDLK_RGUI);
-}
-
 void
 sc_input_manager_init(struct sc_input_manager *im,
                       const struct sc_input_manager_params *params) {
@@ -73,7 +29,7 @@ sc_input_manager_init(struct sc_input_manager *im,
     im->legacy_paste = params->legacy_paste;
     im->clipboard_autosync = params->clipboard_autosync;
 
-    im->sdl_shortcut_mods = to_sdl_mod(params->shortcut_mods);
+    im->sdl_shortcut_mods = sc_shortcut_mods_to_sdl(params->shortcut_mods);
 
     im->vfinger_down = false;
     im->vfinger_invert_x = false;
@@ -247,13 +203,12 @@ set_device_clipboard(struct sc_input_manager *im, bool paste,
 }
 
 static void
-set_screen_power_mode(struct sc_input_manager *im,
-                      enum sc_screen_power_mode mode) {
+set_display_power(struct sc_input_manager *im, bool on) {
     assert(im->controller);
 
     struct sc_control_msg msg;
-    msg.type = SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE;
-    msg.set_screen_power_mode.mode = mode;
+    msg.type = SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER;
+    msg.set_display_power.on = on;
 
     if (!sc_controller_push_msg(im->controller, &msg)) {
         LOGW("Could not request 'set screen power mode'");
@@ -346,7 +301,8 @@ sc_input_manager_process_text_input(struct sc_input_manager *im,
         return;
     }
 
-    if (is_shortcut_mod(im, SDL_GetModState())) {
+    if (sc_shortcut_mods_is_shortcut_mod(im->sdl_shortcut_mods,
+                                         SDL_GetModState())) {
         // A shortcut must never generate text events
         return;
     }
@@ -413,8 +369,9 @@ sc_input_manager_process_key(struct sc_input_manager *im,
     // press/release is a modifier key.
     // The second condition is necessary to ignore the release of the modifier
     // key (because in this case mod is 0).
-    bool is_shortcut = is_shortcut_mod(im, mod)
-                    || is_shortcut_key(im, sdl_keycode);
+    uint16_t mods = im->sdl_shortcut_mods;
+    bool is_shortcut = sc_shortcut_mods_is_shortcut_mod(mods, mod)
+                    || sc_shortcut_mods_is_shortcut_key(mods, sdl_keycode);
 
     if (down && !repeat) {
         if (sdl_keycode == im->last_keycode && mod == im->last_mod) {
@@ -457,10 +414,8 @@ sc_input_manager_process_key(struct sc_input_manager *im,
                 return;
             case SDLK_o:
                 if (control && !repeat && down && !paused) {
-                    enum sc_screen_power_mode mode = shift
-                                                   ? SC_SCREEN_POWER_MODE_NORMAL
-                                                   : SC_SCREEN_POWER_MODE_OFF;
-                    set_screen_power_mode(im, mode);
+                    bool on = shift;
+                    set_display_power(im, on);
                 }
                 return;
             case SDLK_z:
@@ -536,7 +491,7 @@ sc_input_manager_process_key(struct sc_input_manager *im,
                 return;
             case SDLK_f:
                 if (video && !shift && !repeat && down) {
-                    sc_screen_switch_fullscreen(im->screen);
+                    sc_screen_toggle_fullscreen(im->screen);
                 }
                 return;
             case SDLK_w:
@@ -836,7 +791,7 @@ sc_input_manager_process_mouse_button(struct sc_input_manager *im,
     }
 
     bool change_vfinger = event->button == SDL_BUTTON_LEFT &&
-            ((down && !im->vfinger_down && (ctrl_pressed ^ shift_pressed)) ||
+            ((down && !im->vfinger_down && (ctrl_pressed || shift_pressed)) ||
              (!down && im->vfinger_down));
     bool use_finger = im->vfinger_down || change_vfinger;
 
@@ -868,16 +823,28 @@ sc_input_manager_process_mouse_button(struct sc_input_manager *im,
     // In other words, the center of the rotation/scaling is the center of the
     // screen.
     //
-    // To simulate a tilt gesture (a vertical slide with two fingers), Shift
-    // can be used instead of Ctrl. The "virtual finger" has a position
+    // To simulate a vertical tilt gesture (a vertical slide with two fingers),
+    // Shift can be used instead of Ctrl. The "virtual finger" has a position
     // inverted with respect to the vertical axis of symmetry in the middle of
     // the screen.
+    //
+    // To simulate a horizontal tilt gesture (a horizontal slide with two
+    // fingers), Ctrl+Shift can be used. The "virtual finger" has a position
+    // inverted with respect to the horizontal axis of symmetry in the middle
+    // of the screen. It is expected to be less frequently used, that's why the
+    // one-mod shortcuts are assigned to rotation and vertical tilt.
     if (change_vfinger) {
         struct sc_point mouse =
             sc_screen_convert_window_to_frame_coords(im->screen, event->x,
                                                                  event->y);
         if (down) {
-            im->vfinger_invert_x = ctrl_pressed || shift_pressed;
+            // Ctrl  Shift     invert_x  invert_y
+            // ----  ----- ==> --------  --------
+            //   0     0           0         0      -
+            //   0     1           1         0      vertical tilt
+            //   1     0           1         1      rotate
+            //   1     1           0         1      horizontal tilt
+            im->vfinger_invert_x = ctrl_pressed ^ shift_pressed;
             im->vfinger_invert_y = ctrl_pressed;
         }
         struct sc_point vfinger = inverse_point(mouse, im->screen->frame_size,

app/src/keyboard_sdk.c

@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ convert_keycode(enum sc_keycode from, enum android_keycode *to, uint16_t mod,
         {SC_KEYCODE_RCTRL,     AKEYCODE_CTRL_RIGHT},
         {SC_KEYCODE_LSHIFT,    AKEYCODE_SHIFT_LEFT},
         {SC_KEYCODE_RSHIFT,    AKEYCODE_SHIFT_RIGHT},
+        {SC_KEYCODE_LALT,      AKEYCODE_ALT_LEFT},
+        {SC_KEYCODE_RALT,      AKEYCODE_ALT_RIGHT},
+        {SC_KEYCODE_LGUI,      AKEYCODE_META_LEFT},
+        {SC_KEYCODE_RGUI,      AKEYCODE_META_RIGHT},
     };
 
     // Numpad navigation keys.
@@ -166,11 +170,7 @@ convert_keycode(enum sc_keycode from, enum android_keycode *to, uint16_t mod,
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (mod & (SC_MOD_LALT | SC_MOD_RALT | SC_MOD_LGUI | SC_MOD_RGUI)) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // if ALT and META are not pressed, also handle letters and space
+    // Handle letters and space
     entry = SC_INTMAP_FIND_ENTRY(alphaspace_keys, from);
     if (entry) {
         *to = entry->value;

app/src/mouse_capture.c

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#include "mouse_capture.h"
+
+#include "shortcut_mod.h"
+#include "util/log.h"
+
+void
+sc_mouse_capture_init(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc, SDL_Window *window,
+                      uint8_t shortcut_mods) {
+    mc->window = window;
+    mc->sdl_mouse_capture_keys = sc_shortcut_mods_to_sdl(shortcut_mods);
+    mc->mouse_capture_key_pressed = SDLK_UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+static inline bool
+sc_mouse_capture_is_capture_key(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc, SDL_Keycode key) {
+    return sc_shortcut_mods_is_shortcut_key(mc->sdl_mouse_capture_keys, key);
+}
+
+bool
+sc_mouse_capture_handle_event(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc,
+                              const SDL_Event *event) {
+    switch (event->type) {
+        case SDL_WINDOWEVENT:
+            if (event->window.event == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_FOCUS_LOST) {
+                sc_mouse_capture_set_active(mc, false);
+                return true;
+            }
+            break;
+        case SDL_KEYDOWN: {
+            SDL_Keycode key = event->key.keysym.sym;
+            if (sc_mouse_capture_is_capture_key(mc, key)) {
+                if (!mc->mouse_capture_key_pressed) {
+                    mc->mouse_capture_key_pressed = key;
+                } else {
+                    // Another mouse capture key has been pressed, cancel
+                    // mouse (un)capture
+                    mc->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
+                }
+                // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
+                return true;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        case SDL_KEYUP: {
+            SDL_Keycode key = event->key.keysym.sym;
+            SDL_Keycode cap = mc->mouse_capture_key_pressed;
+            mc->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
+            if (sc_mouse_capture_is_capture_key(mc, key)) {
+                if (key == cap) {
+                    // A mouse capture key has been pressed then released:
+                    // toggle the capture mouse mode
+                    sc_mouse_capture_toggle(mc);
+                }
+                // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
+                return true;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        case SDL_MOUSEWHEEL:
+        case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
+        case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
+            if (!sc_mouse_capture_is_active(mc)) {
+                // The mouse will be captured on SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP, so consume
+                // the event
+                return true;
+            }
+            break;
+        case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
+            if (!sc_mouse_capture_is_active(mc)) {
+                sc_mouse_capture_set_active(mc, true);
+                return true;
+            }
+            break;
+        case SDL_FINGERMOTION:
+        case SDL_FINGERDOWN:
+        case SDL_FINGERUP:
+            // Touch events are not compatible with relative mode
+            // (coordinates are not relative), so consume the event
+            return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+void
+sc_mouse_capture_set_active(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc, bool capture) {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    // Workaround for SDL bug on macOS:
+    // <https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/5340>
+    if (capture) {
+        int mouse_x, mouse_y;
+        SDL_GetGlobalMouseState(&mouse_x, &mouse_y);
+
+        int x, y, w, h;
+        SDL_GetWindowPosition(mc->window, &x, &y);
+        SDL_GetWindowSize(mc->window, &w, &h);
+
+        bool outside_window = mouse_x < x || mouse_x >= x + w
+                           || mouse_y < y || mouse_y >= y + h;
+        if (outside_window) {
+            SDL_WarpMouseInWindow(mc->window, w / 2, h / 2);
+        }
+    }
+#else
+    (void) mc;
+#endif
+    if (SDL_SetRelativeMouseMode(capture)) {
+        LOGE("Could not set relative mouse mode to %s: %s",
+             capture ? "true" : "false", SDL_GetError());
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+sc_mouse_capture_is_active(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc) {
+    (void) mc;
+    return SDL_GetRelativeMouseMode();
+}
+
+void
+sc_mouse_capture_toggle(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc) {
+    bool new_value = !sc_mouse_capture_is_active(mc);
+    sc_mouse_capture_set_active(mc, new_value);
+}

app/src/mouse_capture.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef SC_MOUSE_CAPTURE_H
+#define SC_MOUSE_CAPTURE_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
+
+struct sc_mouse_capture {
+    SDL_Window *window;
+    uint16_t sdl_mouse_capture_keys;
+
+    // To enable/disable mouse capture, a mouse capture key (LALT, LGUI or
+    // RGUI) must be pressed. This variable tracks the pressed capture key.
+    SDL_Keycode mouse_capture_key_pressed;
+
+};
+
+void
+sc_mouse_capture_init(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc, SDL_Window *window,
+                      uint8_t shortcut_mods);
+
+void
+sc_mouse_capture_set_active(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc, bool capture);
+
+bool
+sc_mouse_capture_is_active(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc);
+
+void
+sc_mouse_capture_toggle(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc);
+
+// Return true if it consumed the event
+bool
+sc_mouse_capture_handle_event(struct sc_mouse_capture *mc,
+                              const SDL_Event *event);
+
+#endif

app/src/options.c

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ const struct scrcpy_options scrcpy_options_default = {
     .window_width = 0,
     .window_height = 0,
     .display_id = 0,
-    .display_buffer = 0,
+    .video_buffer = 0,
     .audio_buffer = -1, // depends on the audio format,
     .audio_output_buffer = SC_TICK_FROM_MS(5),
     .time_limit = 0,
@@ -103,6 +103,8 @@ const struct scrcpy_options scrcpy_options_default = {
     .window = true,
     .mouse_hover = true,
     .audio_dup = false,
+    .new_display = NULL,
+    .start_app = NULL,
 };
 
 enum sc_orientation

app/src/options.h

@@ -134,6 +134,8 @@ enum sc_lock_video_orientation {
     SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_UNLOCKED = -1,
     // lock the current orientation when scrcpy starts
     SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL = -2,
+    // like SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL, but set automatically
+    SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL_AUTO = -3,
     SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_0 = 0,
     SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_90 = 3,
     SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_180 = 2,
@@ -259,7 +261,7 @@ struct scrcpy_options {
     uint16_t window_width;
     uint16_t window_height;
     uint32_t display_id;
-    sc_tick display_buffer;
+    sc_tick video_buffer;
     sc_tick audio_buffer;
     sc_tick audio_output_buffer;
     sc_tick time_limit;
@@ -304,10 +306,13 @@ struct scrcpy_options {
 #define SC_OPTION_LIST_DISPLAYS 0x2
 #define SC_OPTION_LIST_CAMERAS 0x4
 #define SC_OPTION_LIST_CAMERA_SIZES 0x8
+#define SC_OPTION_LIST_APPS 0x10
     uint8_t list;
     bool window;
     bool mouse_hover;
     bool audio_dup;
+    const char *new_display; // [<width>x<height>][/<dpi>] parsed by the server
+    const char *start_app;
 };
 
 extern const struct scrcpy_options scrcpy_options_default;

app/src/scrcpy.c

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ struct scrcpy {
     struct sc_decoder video_decoder;
     struct sc_decoder audio_decoder;
     struct sc_recorder recorder;
-    struct sc_delay_buffer display_buffer;
+    struct sc_delay_buffer video_buffer;
 #ifdef HAVE_V4L2
     struct sc_v4l2_sink v4l2_sink;
     struct sc_delay_buffer v4l2_buffer;
@@ -431,6 +431,7 @@ scrcpy(struct scrcpy_options *options) {
         .lock_video_orientation = options->lock_video_orientation,
         .control = options->control,
         .display_id = options->display_id,
+        .new_display = options->new_display,
         .video = options->video,
         .audio = options->audio,
         .audio_dup = options->audio_dup,
@@ -814,11 +815,11 @@ aoa_complete:
 
         if (options->video_playback) {
             struct sc_frame_source *src = &s->video_decoder.frame_source;
-            if (options->display_buffer) {
-                sc_delay_buffer_init(&s->display_buffer,
-                                     options->display_buffer, true);
-                sc_frame_source_add_sink(src, &s->display_buffer.frame_sink);
-                src = &s->display_buffer.frame_source;
+            if (options->video_buffer) {
+                sc_delay_buffer_init(&s->video_buffer,
+                                     options->video_buffer, true);
+                sc_frame_source_add_sink(src, &s->video_buffer.frame_sink);
+                src = &s->video_buffer.frame_source;
             }
 
             sc_frame_source_add_sink(src, &s->screen.frame_sink);
@@ -872,11 +873,11 @@ aoa_complete:
     // everything is set up
     if (options->control && options->turn_screen_off) {
         struct sc_control_msg msg;
-        msg.type = SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE;
-        msg.set_screen_power_mode.mode = SC_SCREEN_POWER_MODE_OFF;
+        msg.type = SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER;
+        msg.set_display_power.on = false;
 
         if (!sc_controller_push_msg(&s->controller, &msg)) {
-            LOGW("Could not request 'set screen power mode'");
+            LOGW("Could not request 'set display power'");
         }
     }
 
@@ -906,6 +907,25 @@ aoa_complete:
         init_sdl_gamepads();
     }
 
+    if (options->control && options->start_app) {
+        assert(controller);
+
+        char *name = strdup(options->start_app);
+        if (!name) {
+            LOG_OOM();
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        struct sc_control_msg msg;
+        msg.type = SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_START_APP;
+        msg.start_app.name = name;
+
+        if (!sc_controller_push_msg(controller, &msg)) {
+            LOGW("Could not request start app '%s'", name);
+            free(name);
+        }
+    }
+
     ret = event_loop(s);
     terminate_event_loop();
     LOGD("quit...");

app/src/screen.c

@@ -162,47 +162,6 @@ sc_screen_is_relative_mode(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     return screen->im.mp && screen->im.mp->relative_mode;
 }
 
-static void
-sc_screen_set_mouse_capture(struct sc_screen *screen, bool capture) {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-    // Workaround for SDL bug on macOS:
-    // <https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/5340>
-    if (capture) {
-        int mouse_x, mouse_y;
-        SDL_GetGlobalMouseState(&mouse_x, &mouse_y);
-
-        int x, y, w, h;
-        SDL_GetWindowPosition(screen->window, &x, &y);
-        SDL_GetWindowSize(screen->window, &w, &h);
-
-        bool outside_window = mouse_x < x || mouse_x >= x + w
-                           || mouse_y < y || mouse_y >= y + h;
-        if (outside_window) {
-            SDL_WarpMouseInWindow(screen->window, w / 2, h / 2);
-        }
-    }
-#else
-    (void) screen;
-#endif
-    if (SDL_SetRelativeMouseMode(capture)) {
-        LOGE("Could not set relative mouse mode to %s: %s",
-             capture ? "true" : "false", SDL_GetError());
-    }
-}
-
-static inline bool
-sc_screen_get_mouse_capture(struct sc_screen *screen) {
-    (void) screen;
-    return SDL_GetRelativeMouseMode();
-}
-
-static inline void
-sc_screen_toggle_mouse_capture(struct sc_screen *screen) {
-    (void) screen;
-    bool new_value = !sc_screen_get_mouse_capture(screen);
-    sc_screen_set_mouse_capture(screen, new_value);
-}
-
 static void
 sc_screen_update_content_rect(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     assert(screen->video);
@@ -371,7 +330,6 @@ sc_screen_init(struct sc_screen *screen,
     screen->fullscreen = false;
     screen->maximized = false;
     screen->minimized = false;
-    screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
     screen->paused = false;
     screen->resume_frame = NULL;
     screen->orientation = SC_ORIENTATION_0;
@@ -486,6 +444,9 @@ sc_screen_init(struct sc_screen *screen,
 
     sc_input_manager_init(&screen->im, &im_params);
 
+    // Initialize even if not used for simplicity
+    sc_mouse_capture_init(&screen->mc, screen->window, params->shortcut_mods);
+
 #ifdef CONTINUOUS_RESIZING_WORKAROUND
     if (screen->video) {
         SDL_AddEventWatch(event_watcher, screen);
@@ -506,7 +467,7 @@ sc_screen_init(struct sc_screen *screen,
 
     if (!screen->video && sc_screen_is_relative_mode(screen)) {
         // Capture mouse immediately if video mirroring is disabled
-        sc_screen_set_mouse_capture(screen, true);
+        sc_mouse_capture_set_active(&screen->mc, true);
     }
 
     return true;
@@ -538,7 +499,7 @@ sc_screen_show_initial_window(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     SDL_SetWindowPosition(screen->window, x, y);
 
     if (screen->req.fullscreen) {
-        sc_screen_switch_fullscreen(screen);
+        sc_screen_toggle_fullscreen(screen);
     }
 
     if (screen->req.start_fps_counter) {
@@ -713,7 +674,7 @@ sc_screen_apply_frame(struct sc_screen *screen) {
 
         if (sc_screen_is_relative_mode(screen)) {
             // Capture mouse on start
-            sc_screen_set_mouse_capture(screen, true);
+            sc_mouse_capture_set_active(&screen->mc, true);
         }
     }
 
@@ -774,7 +735,7 @@ sc_screen_set_paused(struct sc_screen *screen, bool paused) {
 }
 
 void
-sc_screen_switch_fullscreen(struct sc_screen *screen) {
+sc_screen_toggle_fullscreen(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     assert(screen->video);
 
     uint32_t new_mode = screen->fullscreen ? 0 : SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN_DESKTOP;
@@ -837,15 +798,8 @@ sc_screen_resize_to_pixel_perfect(struct sc_screen *screen) {
                                             content_size.height);
 }
 
-static inline bool
-sc_screen_is_mouse_capture_key(SDL_Keycode key) {
-    return key == SDLK_LALT || key == SDLK_LGUI || key == SDLK_RGUI;
-}
-
 bool
 sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, const SDL_Event *event) {
-    bool relative_mode = sc_screen_is_relative_mode(screen);
-
     switch (event->type) {
         case SC_EVENT_SCREEN_INIT_SIZE: {
             // The initial size is passed via screen->frame_size
@@ -903,69 +857,14 @@ sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, const SDL_Event *event) {
                     apply_pending_resize(screen);
                     sc_screen_render(screen, true);
                     break;
-                case SDL_WINDOWEVENT_FOCUS_LOST:
-                    if (relative_mode) {
-                        sc_screen_set_mouse_capture(screen, false);
-                    }
-                    break;
             }
             return true;
-        case SDL_KEYDOWN:
-            if (relative_mode) {
-                SDL_Keycode key = event->key.keysym.sym;
-                if (sc_screen_is_mouse_capture_key(key)) {
-                    if (!screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed) {
-                        screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = key;
-                    } else {
-                        // Another mouse capture key has been pressed, cancel
-                        // mouse (un)capture
-                        screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
-                    }
-                    // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-            break;
-        case SDL_KEYUP:
-            if (relative_mode) {
-                SDL_Keycode key = event->key.keysym.sym;
-                SDL_Keycode cap = screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed;
-                screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
-                if (sc_screen_is_mouse_capture_key(key)) {
-                    if (key == cap) {
-                        // A mouse capture key has been pressed then released:
-                        // toggle the capture mouse mode
-                        sc_screen_toggle_mouse_capture(screen);
-                    }
-                    // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-            break;
-        case SDL_MOUSEWHEEL:
-        case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
-        case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
-            if (relative_mode && !sc_screen_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
-                // Do not forward to input manager, the mouse will be captured
-                // on SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP
-                return true;
-            }
-            break;
-        case SDL_FINGERMOTION:
-        case SDL_FINGERDOWN:
-        case SDL_FINGERUP:
-            if (relative_mode) {
-                // Touch events are not compatible with relative mode
-                // (coordinates are not relative)
-                return true;
-            }
-            break;
-        case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
-            if (relative_mode && !sc_screen_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
-                sc_screen_set_mouse_capture(screen, true);
-                return true;
-            }
-            break;
+    }
+
+    if (sc_screen_is_relative_mode(screen)
+            && sc_mouse_capture_handle_event(&screen->mc, event)) {
+        // The mouse capture handler consumed the event
+        return true;
     }
 
     sc_input_manager_handle_event(&screen->im, event);

app/src/screen.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "fps_counter.h"
 #include "frame_buffer.h"
 #include "input_manager.h"
+#include "mouse_capture.h"
 #include "opengl.h"
 #include "options.h"
 #include "trait/key_processor.h"
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ struct sc_screen {
 
     struct sc_display display;
     struct sc_input_manager im;
+    struct sc_mouse_capture mc; // only used in mouse relative mode
     struct sc_frame_buffer fb;
     struct sc_fps_counter fps_counter;
 
@@ -61,10 +63,6 @@ struct sc_screen {
     bool maximized;
     bool minimized;
 
-    // To enable/disable mouse capture, a mouse capture key (LALT, LGUI or
-    // RGUI) must be pressed. This variable tracks the pressed capture key.
-    SDL_Keycode mouse_capture_key_pressed;
-
     AVFrame *frame;
 
     bool paused;
@@ -126,9 +124,9 @@ sc_screen_destroy(struct sc_screen *screen);
 void
 sc_screen_hide_window(struct sc_screen *screen);
 
-// switch the fullscreen mode
+// toggle the fullscreen mode
 void
-sc_screen_switch_fullscreen(struct sc_screen *screen);
+sc_screen_toggle_fullscreen(struct sc_screen *screen);
 
 // resize window to optimal size (remove black borders)
 void

app/src/server.c

@@ -66,56 +66,6 @@ get_server_path(void) {
     return server_path;
 }
 
-static void
-sc_server_params_destroy(struct sc_server_params *params) {
-    // The server stores a copy of the params provided by the user
-    free((char *) params->req_serial);
-    free((char *) params->crop);
-    free((char *) params->video_codec_options);
-    free((char *) params->audio_codec_options);
-    free((char *) params->video_encoder);
-    free((char *) params->audio_encoder);
-    free((char *) params->tcpip_dst);
-    free((char *) params->camera_id);
-    free((char *) params->camera_ar);
-}
-
-static bool
-sc_server_params_copy(struct sc_server_params *dst,
-                      const struct sc_server_params *src) {
-    *dst = *src;
-
-    // The params reference user-allocated memory, so we must copy them to
-    // handle them from another thread
-
-#define COPY(FIELD) do { \
-    dst->FIELD = NULL; \
-    if (src->FIELD) { \
-        dst->FIELD = strdup(src->FIELD); \
-        if (!dst->FIELD) { \
-            goto error; \
-        } \
-    } \
-} while(0)
-
-    COPY(req_serial);
-    COPY(crop);
-    COPY(video_codec_options);
-    COPY(audio_codec_options);
-    COPY(video_encoder);
-    COPY(audio_encoder);
-    COPY(tcpip_dst);
-    COPY(camera_id);
-    COPY(camera_ar);
-#undef COPY
-
-    return true;
-
-error:
-    sc_server_params_destroy(dst);
-    return false;
-}
-
 static bool
 push_server(struct sc_intr *intr, const char *serial) {
     char *server_path = get_server_path();
@@ -405,6 +355,10 @@ execute_server(struct sc_server *server,
         // By default, power_on is true
         ADD_PARAM("power_on=false");
     }
+    if (params->new_display) {
+        VALIDATE_STRING(params->new_display);
+        ADD_PARAM("new_display=%s", params->new_display);
+    }
     if (params->list & SC_OPTION_LIST_ENCODERS) {
         ADD_PARAM("list_encoders=true");
     }
@@ -417,6 +371,9 @@ execute_server(struct sc_server *server,
     if (params->list & SC_OPTION_LIST_CAMERA_SIZES) {
         ADD_PARAM("list_camera_sizes=true");
     }
+    if (params->list & SC_OPTION_LIST_APPS) {
+        ADD_PARAM("list_apps=true");
+    }
 
 #undef ADD_PARAM
 
@@ -499,22 +456,18 @@ connect_to_server(struct sc_server *server, unsigned attempts, sc_tick delay,
 bool
 sc_server_init(struct sc_server *server, const struct sc_server_params *params,
               const struct sc_server_callbacks *cbs, void *cbs_userdata) {
-    bool ok = sc_server_params_copy(&server->params, params);
-    if (!ok) {
-        LOG_OOM();
-        return false;
-    }
+    // The allocated data in params (const char *) must remain valid until the
+    // end of the program
+    server->params = *params;
 
-    ok = sc_mutex_init(&server->mutex);
+    bool ok = sc_mutex_init(&server->mutex);
     if (!ok) {
-        sc_server_params_destroy(&server->params);
         return false;
     }
 
     ok = sc_cond_init(&server->cond_stopped);
     if (!ok) {
         sc_mutex_destroy(&server->mutex);
-        sc_server_params_destroy(&server->params);
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -522,7 +475,6 @@ sc_server_init(struct sc_server *server, const struct sc_server_params *params,
     if (!ok) {
         sc_cond_destroy(&server->cond_stopped);
         sc_mutex_destroy(&server->mutex);
-        sc_server_params_destroy(&server->params);
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1161,7 +1113,6 @@ sc_server_destroy(struct sc_server *server) {
 
     free(server->serial);
     free(server->device_socket_name);
-    sc_server_params_destroy(&server->params);
     sc_intr_destroy(&server->intr);
     sc_cond_destroy(&server->cond_stopped);
     sc_mutex_destroy(&server->mutex);

app/src/server.h

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ struct sc_server_params {
     int8_t lock_video_orientation;
     bool control;
     uint32_t display_id;
+    const char *new_display;
     bool video;
     bool audio;
     bool audio_dup;

app/src/shortcut_mod.h

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#ifndef SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_H
+#define SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <SDL2/SDL_keycode.h>
+
+#include "options.h"
+
+#define SC_SDL_SHORTCUT_MODS_MASK (KMOD_CTRL | KMOD_ALT | KMOD_GUI)
+
+// input: OR of enum sc_shortcut_mod
+// output: OR of SDL_Keymod
+static inline uint16_t
+sc_shortcut_mods_to_sdl(uint8_t shortcut_mods) {
+    uint16_t sdl_mod = 0;
+    if (shortcut_mods & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_LCTRL) {
+        sdl_mod |= KMOD_LCTRL;
+    }
+    if (shortcut_mods & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_RCTRL) {
+        sdl_mod |= KMOD_RCTRL;
+    }
+    if (shortcut_mods & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_LALT) {
+        sdl_mod |= KMOD_LALT;
+    }
+    if (shortcut_mods & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_RALT) {
+        sdl_mod |= KMOD_RALT;
+    }
+    if (shortcut_mods & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_LSUPER) {
+        sdl_mod |= KMOD_LGUI;
+    }
+    if (shortcut_mods & SC_SHORTCUT_MOD_RSUPER) {
+        sdl_mod |= KMOD_RGUI;
+    }
+    return sdl_mod;
+}
+
+static inline bool
+sc_shortcut_mods_is_shortcut_mod(uint16_t sdl_shortcut_mods, uint16_t sdl_mod) {
+    // sdl_shortcut_mods must be within the mask
+    assert(!(sdl_shortcut_mods & ~SC_SDL_SHORTCUT_MODS_MASK));
+
+    // at least one shortcut mod pressed?
+    return sdl_mod & sdl_shortcut_mods;
+}
+
+static inline bool
+sc_shortcut_mods_is_shortcut_key(uint16_t sdl_shortcut_mods,
+                                 SDL_Keycode keycode) {
+    return (sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_LCTRL && keycode == SDLK_LCTRL)
+        || (sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_RCTRL && keycode == SDLK_RCTRL)
+        || (sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_LALT  && keycode == SDLK_LALT)
+        || (sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_RALT  && keycode == SDLK_RALT)
+        || (sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_LGUI  && keycode == SDLK_LGUI)
+        || (sdl_shortcut_mods & KMOD_RGUI  && keycode == SDLK_RGUI);
+}
+
+#endif

app/src/usb/aoa_hid.h

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef SC_AOA_HID_H
 #define SC_AOA_HID_H
 
+#include "common.h"
+
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 

app/src/usb/scrcpy_otg.c

@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ scrcpy_otg(struct scrcpy_options *options) {
         .window_width = options->window_width,
         .window_height = options->window_height,
         .window_borderless = options->window_borderless,
+        .shortcut_mods = options->shortcut_mods,
     };
 
     ok = sc_screen_otg_init(&s->screen_otg, &params);

app/src/usb/screen_otg.c

@@ -4,47 +4,6 @@
 #include "options.h"
 #include "util/log.h"
 
-static void
-sc_screen_otg_set_mouse_capture(struct sc_screen_otg *screen, bool capture) {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-    // Workaround for SDL bug on macOS:
-    // <https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/5340>
-    if (capture) {
-        int mouse_x, mouse_y;
-        SDL_GetGlobalMouseState(&mouse_x, &mouse_y);
-
-        int x, y, w, h;
-        SDL_GetWindowPosition(screen->window, &x, &y);
-        SDL_GetWindowSize(screen->window, &w, &h);
-
-        bool outside_window = mouse_x < x || mouse_x >= x + w
-                           || mouse_y < y || mouse_y >= y + h;
-        if (outside_window) {
-            SDL_WarpMouseInWindow(screen->window, w / 2, h / 2);
-        }
-    }
-#else
-    (void) screen;
-#endif
-    if (SDL_SetRelativeMouseMode(capture)) {
-        LOGE("Could not set relative mouse mode to %s: %s",
-             capture ? "true" : "false", SDL_GetError());
-    }
-}
-
-static inline bool
-sc_screen_otg_get_mouse_capture(struct sc_screen_otg *screen) {
-    (void) screen;
-    return SDL_GetRelativeMouseMode();
-}
-
-static inline void
-sc_screen_otg_toggle_mouse_capture(struct sc_screen_otg *screen) {
-    (void) screen;
-    bool new_value = !sc_screen_otg_get_mouse_capture(screen);
-    sc_screen_otg_set_mouse_capture(screen, new_value);
-}
-
 static void
 sc_screen_otg_render(struct sc_screen_otg *screen) {
     SDL_RenderClear(screen->renderer);
@@ -61,8 +20,6 @@ sc_screen_otg_init(struct sc_screen_otg *screen,
     screen->mouse = params->mouse;
     screen->gamepad = params->gamepad;
 
-    screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
-
     const char *title = params->window_title;
     assert(title);
 
@@ -113,9 +70,11 @@ sc_screen_otg_init(struct sc_screen_otg *screen,
         LOGW("Could not load icon");
     }
 
+    sc_mouse_capture_init(&screen->mc, screen->window, params->shortcut_mods);
+
     if (screen->mouse) {
         // Capture mouse on start
-        sc_screen_otg_set_mouse_capture(screen, true);
+        sc_mouse_capture_set_active(&screen->mc, true);
     }
 
     return true;
@@ -137,11 +96,6 @@ sc_screen_otg_destroy(struct sc_screen_otg *screen) {
     SDL_DestroyWindow(screen->window);
 }
 
-static inline bool
-sc_screen_otg_is_mouse_capture_key(SDL_Keycode key) {
-    return key == SDLK_LALT || key == SDLK_LGUI || key == SDLK_RGUI;
-}
-
 static void
 sc_screen_otg_process_key(struct sc_screen_otg *screen,
                              const SDL_KeyboardEvent *event) {
@@ -298,80 +252,46 @@ sc_screen_otg_process_gamepad_button(struct sc_screen_otg *screen,
 
 void
 sc_screen_otg_handle_event(struct sc_screen_otg *screen, SDL_Event *event) {
+    if (sc_mouse_capture_handle_event(&screen->mc, event)) {
+        // The mouse capture handler consumed the event
+        return;
+    }
+
     switch (event->type) {
         case SDL_WINDOWEVENT:
             switch (event->window.event) {
                 case SDL_WINDOWEVENT_EXPOSED:
                     sc_screen_otg_render(screen);
                     break;
-                case SDL_WINDOWEVENT_FOCUS_LOST:
-                    if (screen->mouse) {
-                        sc_screen_otg_set_mouse_capture(screen, false);
-                    }
-                    break;
             }
             return;
         case SDL_KEYDOWN:
-            if (screen->mouse) {
-                SDL_Keycode key = event->key.keysym.sym;
-                if (sc_screen_otg_is_mouse_capture_key(key)) {
-                    if (!screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed) {
-                        screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = key;
-                    } else {
-                        // Another mouse capture key has been pressed, cancel
-                        // mouse (un)capture
-                        screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
-                    }
-                    // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
-
             if (screen->keyboard) {
                 sc_screen_otg_process_key(screen, &event->key);
             }
             break;
         case SDL_KEYUP:
-            if (screen->mouse) {
-                SDL_Keycode key = event->key.keysym.sym;
-                SDL_Keycode cap = screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed;
-                screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
-                if (sc_screen_otg_is_mouse_capture_key(key)) {
-                    if (key == cap) {
-                        // A mouse capture key has been pressed then released:
-                        // toggle the capture mouse mode
-                        sc_screen_otg_toggle_mouse_capture(screen);
-                    }
-                    // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
-
             if (screen->keyboard) {
                 sc_screen_otg_process_key(screen, &event->key);
             }
             break;
         case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
-            if (screen->mouse && sc_screen_otg_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
+            if (screen->mouse) {
                 sc_screen_otg_process_mouse_motion(screen, &event->motion);
             }
             break;
         case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
-            if (screen->mouse && sc_screen_otg_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
+            if (screen->mouse) {
                 sc_screen_otg_process_mouse_button(screen, &event->button);
             }
             break;
         case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
             if (screen->mouse) {
-                if (sc_screen_otg_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
-                    sc_screen_otg_process_mouse_button(screen, &event->button);
-                } else {
-                    sc_screen_otg_set_mouse_capture(screen, true);
-                }
+                sc_screen_otg_process_mouse_button(screen, &event->button);
             }
             break;
         case SDL_MOUSEWHEEL:
-            if (screen->mouse && sc_screen_otg_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
+            if (screen->mouse) {
                 sc_screen_otg_process_mouse_wheel(screen, &event->wheel);
             }
             break;

app/src/usb/screen_otg.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include "keyboard_aoa.h"
 #include "mouse_aoa.h"
+#include "mouse_capture.h"
 #include "gamepad_aoa.h"
 
 struct sc_screen_otg {
@@ -19,8 +20,7 @@ struct sc_screen_otg {
     SDL_Renderer *renderer;
     SDL_Texture *texture;
 
-    // See equivalent mechanism in screen.h
-    SDL_Keycode mouse_capture_key_pressed;
+    struct sc_mouse_capture mc;
 };
 
 struct sc_screen_otg_params {
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ struct sc_screen_otg_params {
     uint16_t window_width;
     uint16_t window_height;
     bool window_borderless;
+    uint8_t shortcut_mods; // OR of enum sc_shortcut_mod values
 };
 
 bool

app/src/util/tick.h

@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ typedef int64_t sc_tick;
 #define SC_TICK_FREQ 1000000 // microsecond
 
 // To be adapted if SC_TICK_FREQ changes
-#define SC_TICK_TO_NS(tick) ((tick) * 1000)
-#define SC_TICK_TO_US(tick) (tick)
-#define SC_TICK_TO_MS(tick) ((tick) / 1000)
-#define SC_TICK_TO_SEC(tick) ((tick) / 1000000)
-#define SC_TICK_FROM_NS(ns) ((ns) / 1000)
-#define SC_TICK_FROM_US(us) (us)
-#define SC_TICK_FROM_MS(ms) ((ms) * 1000)
-#define SC_TICK_FROM_SEC(sec) ((sec) * 1000000)
+#define SC_TICK_TO_NS(tick) ((sc_tick) (tick) * 1000)
+#define SC_TICK_TO_US(tick) ((sc_tick) tick)
+#define SC_TICK_TO_MS(tick) ((sc_tick) (tick) / 1000)
+#define SC_TICK_TO_SEC(tick) ((sc_tick) (tick) / 1000000)
+#define SC_TICK_FROM_NS(ns) ((sc_tick) (ns) / 1000)
+#define SC_TICK_FROM_US(us) ((sc_tick) us)
+#define SC_TICK_FROM_MS(ms) ((sc_tick) (ms) * 1000)
+#define SC_TICK_FROM_SEC(sec) ((sc_tick) (sec) * 1000000)
 
 sc_tick
 sc_tick_now(void);

app/src/util/timeout.c

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ void
 sc_timeout_stop(struct sc_timeout *timeout) {
     sc_mutex_lock(&timeout->mutex);
     timeout->stopped = true;
+    sc_cond_signal(&timeout->cond);
     sc_mutex_unlock(&timeout->mutex);
 }
 

app/tests/test_control_msg_serialize.c

@@ -289,11 +289,11 @@ static void test_serialize_set_clipboard_long(void) {
     assert(!memcmp(buf, expected, sizeof(expected)));
 }
 
-static void test_serialize_set_screen_power_mode(void) {
+static void test_serialize_set_display_power(void) {
     struct sc_control_msg msg = {
-        .type = SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE,
-        .set_screen_power_mode = {
-            .mode = SC_SCREEN_POWER_MODE_NORMAL,
+        .type = SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER,
+        .set_display_power = {
+            .on = true,
         },
     };
 
@@ -302,8 +302,8 @@ static void test_serialize_set_screen_power_mode(void) {
     assert(size == 2);
 
     const uint8_t expected[] = {
-        SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE,
-        0x02, // SC_SCREEN_POWER_MODE_NORMAL
+        SC_CONTROL_MSG_TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER,
+        0x01, // true
     };
     assert(!memcmp(buf, expected, sizeof(expected)));
 }
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     test_serialize_get_clipboard();
     test_serialize_set_clipboard();
     test_serialize_set_clipboard_long();
-    test_serialize_set_screen_power_mode();
+    test_serialize_set_display_power();
     test_serialize_rotate_device();
     test_serialize_uhid_create();
     test_serialize_uhid_input();

build.gradle

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ buildscript {
         mavenCentral()
     }
     dependencies {
-        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.3.0'
+        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.7.1'
 
         // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
         // in the individual module build.gradle files

doc/audio.md

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ latency (for both [video](video.md#buffering) and audio) might be preferable to
 avoid glitches and smooth the playback:
 
 ```
-scrcpy --display-buffer=200 --audio-buffer=200
+scrcpy --video-buffer=200 --audio-buffer=200
 ```
 
 It is also possible to configure another audio buffer (the audio output buffer),

doc/control.md

@@ -94,14 +94,18 @@ the content (if supported by the app) relative to the center of the screen.
 
 https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/assets/543275/26c4a920-9805-43f1-8d4c-608752d04767
 
-To simulate a tilt gesture: <kbd>Shift</kbd>+_click-and-move-up-or-down_.
+To simulate a vertical tilt gesture: <kbd>Shift</kbd>+_click-and-move-up-or-down_.
 
 https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/assets/543275/1e252341-4a90-4b29-9d11-9153b324669f
 
+Similarly, to simulate a horizontal tilt gesture:
+<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+_click-and-move-left-or-right_.
+
 Technically, _scrcpy_ generates additional touch events from a "virtual finger"
 at a location inverted through the center of the screen. When pressing
 <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> the _x_ and _y_ coordinates are inverted. Using <kbd>Shift</kbd>
-only inverts _x_.
+only inverts _x_, whereas using <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd> only inverts
+_y_.
 
 This only works for the default mouse mode (`--mouse=sdk`).
 

doc/develop.md

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ the client and on the server.
 If video is enabled, then the server sends a raw video stream (H.264 by default)
 of the device screen, with some additional headers for each packet. The client
 decodes the video frames, and displays them as soon as possible, without
-buffering (unless `--display-buffer=delay` is specified) to minimize latency.
-The client is not aware of the device rotation (which is handled by the server),
-it just knows the dimensions of the video frames it receives.
+buffering (unless `--video-buffer=delay` is specified) to minimize latency. The
+client is not aware of the device rotation (which is handled by the server), it
+just knows the dimensions of the video frames it receives.
 
 Similarly, if audio is enabled, then the server sends a raw audio stream (OPUS
 by default) of the device audio output (or the microphone if

doc/device.md

@@ -18,6 +18,21 @@ The initial state is restored when _scrcpy_ is closed.
 If the device is not plugged in (i.e. only connected over TCP/IP),
 `--stay-awake` has no effect (this is the Android behavior).
 
+This changes the value of [`stay_on_while_plugged_in`], setting which can be
+changed manually:
+
+[`stay_on_while_plugged_in`]: https://developer.android.com/reference/android/provider/Settings.Global#STAY_ON_WHILE_PLUGGED_IN
+
+
+```bash
+# get the current show_touches value
+adb shell settings get global stay_on_while_plugged_in
+# enable for AC/USB/wireless chargers
+adb shell settings put global stay_on_while_plugged_in 7
+# disable
+adb shell settings put global stay_on_while_plugged_in 0
+```
+
 
 ## Turn screen off
 
@@ -46,6 +61,15 @@ scrcpy --turn-screen-off --stay-awake
 scrcpy -Sw   # short version
 ```
 
+Since Android 15, it is possible to change this setting manually:
+
+```
+# turn screen off (0 for main display)
+adb shell cmd display power-off 0
+# turn screen on
+adb shell cmd display power-on 0
+```
+
 
 ## Show touches
 
@@ -62,6 +86,16 @@ scrcpy -t   # short version
 
 Note that it only shows _physical_ touches (by a finger on the device).
 
+It is possible to change this setting manually:
+
+```bash
+# get the current show_touches value
+adb shell settings get system show_touches
+# enable show_touches
+adb shell settings put system show_touches 1
+# disable show_touches
+adb shell settings put system show_touches 0
+```
 
 ## Power off on close
 
@@ -78,3 +112,48 @@ By default, on start, the device is powered on. To prevent this behavior:
 ```bash
 scrcpy --no-power-on
 ```
+
+
+## Start Android app
+
+To list the Android apps installed on the device:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --list-apps
+```
+
+An app, selected by its package name, can be launched on start:
+
+```
+scrcpy --start-app=org.mozilla.firefox
+```
+
+This feature can be used to run an app in a [virtual
+display](virtual_display.md):
+
+```
+scrcpy --new-display=1920x1080 --start-app=org.videolan.vlc
+```
+
+The app can be optionally forced-stop before being started, by adding a `+`
+prefix:
+
+```
+scrcpy --start-app=+org.mozilla.firefox
+```
+
+For convenience, it is also possible to select an app by its name, by adding a
+`?` prefix:
+
+```
+scrcpy --start-app=?firefox
+```
+
+But retrieving app names may take some time (sometimes several seconds), so
+passing the package name is recommended.
+
+The `+` and `?` prefixes can be combined (in that order):
+
+```
+scrcpy --start-app=+?firefox
+```

doc/mouse.md

@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ Two modes allow to simulate a physical HID mouse on the device.
 In these modes, the computer mouse is "captured": the mouse pointer disappears
 from the computer and appears on the Android device instead.
 
-Special capture keys, either <kbd>Alt</kbd> or <kbd>Super</kbd>, toggle
-(disable or enable) the mouse capture. Use one of them to give the control of
-the mouse back to the computer.
+The [shortcut mod](shortcuts.md) (either <kbd>Alt</kbd> or <kbd>Super</kbd> by
+default) toggle (disable or enable) the mouse capture. Use one of them to give
+the control of the mouse back to the computer.
 
 
 ### UHID

doc/shortcuts.md

@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ _<kbd>[Super]</kbd> is typically the <kbd>Windows</kbd> or <kbd>Cmd</kbd> key._
  | Open keyboard settings (HID keyboard only)  | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>k</kbd>
  | Enable/disable FPS counter (on stdout)      | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>i</kbd>
  | Pinch-to-zoom/rotate                        | <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+_click-and-move_
- | Tilt (slide vertically with 2 fingers)      | <kbd>Shift</kbd>+_click-and-move_
+ | Tilt vertically (slide with 2 fingers)      | <kbd>Shift</kbd>+_click-and-move_
+ | Tilt horizontally (slide with 2 fingers)    | <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+_click-and-move_
  | Drag & drop APK file                        | Install APK from computer
  | Drag & drop non-APK file                    | [Push file to device](control.md#push-file-to-device)
 

doc/video.md

@@ -189,15 +189,15 @@ The configuration is available independently for the display,
 [v4l2 sinks](video.md#video4linux) and [audio](audio.md#buffering) playback.
 
 ```bash
-scrcpy --display-buffer=50   # add 50ms buffering for display
-scrcpy --v4l2-buffer=300     # add 300ms buffering for v4l2 sink
+scrcpy --video-buffer=50     # add 50ms buffering for video playback
 scrcpy --audio-buffer=200    # set 200ms buffering for audio playback
+scrcpy --v4l2-buffer=300     # add 300ms buffering for v4l2 sink
 ```
 
 They can be applied simultaneously:
 
 ```bash
-scrcpy --display-buffer=50 --v4l2-buffer=300
+scrcpy --video-buffer=50 --v4l2-buffer=300
 ```
 
 

doc/virtual_display.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Virtual display
+
+## New display
+
+To mirror a new virtual display instead of the device screen:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --new-display=1920x1080
+scrcpy --new-display=1920x1080/420  # force 420 dpi
+scrcpy --new-display         # use the main display size and density
+scrcpy --new-display -m1920  # ... scaled to fit a max size of 1920
+scrcpy --new-display=/240    # use the main display size and 240 dpi
+```
+
+## Start app
+
+On some devices, a launcher is available in the virtual display.
+
+When no launcher is available, the virtual display is empty. In that case, you
+must [start an Android app](device.md#start-android-app).
+
+For example:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --new-display=1920x1080 --start-app=org.videolan.vlc
+```

gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.4-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.9-bin.zip
+# https://gradle.org/release-checksums/
+distributionSha256Sum=d725d707bfabd4dfdc958c624003b3c80accc03f7037b5122c4b1d0ef15cecab
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists

release.mk

@@ -9,13 +9,12 @@
 # the server to the device.
 
 .PHONY: default clean \
-	test \
+	test test-client test-server \
 	build-server \
-	prepare-deps \
+	prepare-deps-win32 prepare-deps-win64 \
 	build-win32 build-win64 \
-	dist-win32 dist-win64 \
 	zip-win32 zip-win64 \
-	release
+	package release
 
 GRADLE ?= ./gradlew
 
@@ -26,7 +25,7 @@ WIN64_BUILD_DIR := build-win64
 
 VERSION ?= $(shell git describe --tags --exclude='*install-release' --always)
 
-DIST := dist
+ZIP := zip
 WIN32_TARGET_DIR := scrcpy-win32-$(VERSION)
 WIN64_TARGET_DIR := scrcpy-win64-$(VERSION)
 WIN32_TARGET := $(WIN32_TARGET_DIR).zip
@@ -34,33 +33,28 @@ WIN64_TARGET := $(WIN64_TARGET_DIR).zip
 
 RELEASE_DIR := release-$(VERSION)
 
-release: clean test build-server zip-win32 zip-win64
-	mkdir -p "$(RELEASE_DIR)"
-	cp "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)/server/scrcpy-server" \
-		"$(RELEASE_DIR)/scrcpy-server-$(VERSION)"
-	cp "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET)" "$(RELEASE_DIR)"
-	cp "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET)" "$(RELEASE_DIR)"
-	cd "$(RELEASE_DIR)" && \
-		sha256sum "scrcpy-server-$(VERSION)" \
-			"scrcpy-win32-$(VERSION).zip" \
-			"scrcpy-win64-$(VERSION).zip" > SHA256SUMS.txt
-	@echo "Release generated in $(RELEASE_DIR)/"
+release: clean test build-server build-win32 build-win64 package
 
 clean:
 	$(GRADLE) clean
-	rm -rf "$(DIST)" "$(TEST_BUILD_DIR)" "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)" \
+	rm -rf "$(ZIP)" "$(TEST_BUILD_DIR)" "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)" \
 		"$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)" "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)"
 
-test:
+test-client:
 	[ -d "$(TEST_BUILD_DIR)" ] || ( mkdir "$(TEST_BUILD_DIR)" && \
 		meson setup "$(TEST_BUILD_DIR)" -Db_sanitize=address )
 	ninja -C "$(TEST_BUILD_DIR)"
+
+test-server:
 	$(GRADLE) -p server check
 
+test: test-client test-server
+
 build-server:
-	[ -d "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)" ] || ( mkdir "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)" && \
-		meson setup "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)" --buildtype release -Dcompile_app=false )
-	ninja -C "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)"
+	$(GRADLE) -p server assembleRelease
+	mkdir -p "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)/server"
+	cp server/build/outputs/apk/release/server-release-unsigned.apk \
+		"$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)/server/scrcpy-server"
 
 prepare-deps-win32:
 	@app/deps/adb.sh win32
@@ -86,6 +80,15 @@ build-win32: prepare-deps-win32
 		-Dcompile_server=false \
 		-Dportable=true
 	ninja -C "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)"
+	# Group intermediate outputs into a 'dist' directory
+	mkdir -p "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist"
+	cp "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)"/app/scrcpy.exe "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/scrcpy-console.bat "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/scrcpy-noconsole.vbs "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/icon.png "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/open_a_terminal_here.bat "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/deps/work/install/win32/bin/*.dll "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/deps/work/install/win32/bin/adb.exe "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
 
 build-win64: prepare-deps-win64
 	rm -rf "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)"
@@ -99,33 +102,40 @@ build-win64: prepare-deps-win64
 		-Dcompile_server=false \
 		-Dportable=true
 	ninja -C "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)"
+	# Group intermediate outputs into a 'dist' directory
+	mkdir -p "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist"
+	cp "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)"/app/scrcpy.exe "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/scrcpy-console.bat "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/scrcpy-noconsole.vbs "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/icon.png "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/data/open_a_terminal_here.bat "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/deps/work/install/win64/bin/*.dll "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
+	cp app/deps/work/install/win64/bin/adb.exe "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/"
 
-dist-win32: build-server build-win32
-	mkdir -p "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)"
-	cp "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)"/server/scrcpy-server "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)"/app/scrcpy.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/scrcpy-console.bat "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/scrcpy-noconsole.vbs "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/icon.png "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/open_a_terminal_here.bat "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/deps/work/install/win32/bin/*.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/deps/work/install/win32/bin/adb.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-
-dist-win64: build-server build-win64
-	mkdir -p "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)"
-	cp "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)"/server/scrcpy-server "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)"/app/scrcpy.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/scrcpy-console.bat "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/scrcpy-noconsole.vbs "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/icon.png "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/data/open_a_terminal_here.bat "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/deps/work/install/win64/bin/*.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/deps/work/install/win64/bin/adb.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-
-zip-win32: dist-win32
-	cd "$(DIST)"; \
+zip-win32:
+	mkdir -p "$(ZIP)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)"
+	cp -r "$(WIN32_BUILD_DIR)/dist/." "$(ZIP)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)"/server/scrcpy-server "$(ZIP)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cd "$(ZIP)"; \
 		zip -r "$(WIN32_TARGET)" "$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)"
+	rm -rf "$(ZIP)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)"
 
-zip-win64: dist-win64
-	cd "$(DIST)"; \
+zip-win64:
+	mkdir -p "$(ZIP)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)"
+	cp -r "$(WIN64_BUILD_DIR)/dist/." "$(ZIP)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)"/server/scrcpy-server "$(ZIP)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cd "$(ZIP)"; \
 		zip -r "$(WIN64_TARGET)" "$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)"
+	rm -rf "$(ZIP)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)"
+
+package: zip-win32 zip-win64
+	mkdir -p "$(RELEASE_DIR)"
+	cp "$(SERVER_BUILD_DIR)/server/scrcpy-server" \
+		"$(RELEASE_DIR)/scrcpy-server-$(VERSION)"
+	cp "$(ZIP)/$(WIN32_TARGET)" "$(RELEASE_DIR)"
+	cp "$(ZIP)/$(WIN64_TARGET)" "$(RELEASE_DIR)"
+	cd "$(RELEASE_DIR)" && \
+		sha256sum "scrcpy-server-$(VERSION)" \
+			"scrcpy-win32-$(VERSION).zip" \
+			"scrcpy-win64-$(VERSION).zip" > SHA256SUMS.txt
+	@echo "Release generated in $(RELEASE_DIR)/"

server/build.gradle

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
 
 android {
     namespace 'com.genymobile.scrcpy'
-    compileSdk 34
+    compileSdk 35
     defaultConfig {
         applicationId "com.genymobile.scrcpy"
         minSdkVersion 21
-        targetSdkVersion 34
+        targetSdkVersion 35
         versionCode 20700
         versionName "2.7"
         testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

server/build_without_gradle.sh

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ set -e
 SCRCPY_DEBUG=false
 SCRCPY_VERSION_NAME=2.7
 
-PLATFORM=${ANDROID_PLATFORM:-34}
-BUILD_TOOLS=${ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS:-34.0.0}
+PLATFORM=${ANDROID_PLATFORM:-35}
+BUILD_TOOLS=${ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS:-35.0.0}
 BUILD_TOOLS_DIR="$ANDROID_HOME/build-tools/$BUILD_TOOLS"
 
 BUILD_DIR="$(realpath ${BUILD_DIR:-build_manual})"
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ EOF
 
 echo "Generating java from aidl..."
 cd "$SERVER_DIR/src/main/aidl"
-"$BUILD_TOOLS_DIR/aidl" -o"$GEN_DIR" android/view/IRotationWatcher.aidl
-"$BUILD_TOOLS_DIR/aidl" -o"$GEN_DIR" \
+"$BUILD_TOOLS_DIR/aidl" -o"$GEN_DIR" -I. android/view/IRotationWatcher.aidl
+"$BUILD_TOOLS_DIR/aidl" -o"$GEN_DIR" -I. \
     android/content/IOnPrimaryClipChangedListener.aidl
-"$BUILD_TOOLS_DIR/aidl" -o"$GEN_DIR" android/view/IDisplayFoldListener.aidl
+"$BUILD_TOOLS_DIR/aidl" -o"$GEN_DIR" -I. android/view/IDisplayFoldListener.aidl
 
 SRC=( \
     com/genymobile/scrcpy/*.java \

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/AndroidVersions.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy;
+
+import android.os.Build;
+
+/**
+ * Android version code constants, done right.
+ * <p/>
+ * <a href="https://apilevels.com/">API levels</a>
+ */
+public final class AndroidVersions {
+
+    private AndroidVersions() {
+        // not instantiable
+    }
+
+    public static final int API_21_ANDROID_5_0 = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP;
+    public static final int API_22_ANDROID_5_1 = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1;
+    public static final int API_23_ANDROID_6_0 = Build.VERSION_CODES.M;
+    public static final int API_24_ANDROID_7_0 = Build.VERSION_CODES.N;
+    public static final int API_25_ANDROID_7_1 = Build.VERSION_CODES.N_MR1;
+    public static final int API_26_ANDROID_8_0 = Build.VERSION_CODES.O;
+    public static final int API_27_ANDROID_8_1 = Build.VERSION_CODES.O_MR1;
+    public static final int API_28_ANDROID_9 = Build.VERSION_CODES.P;
+    public static final int API_29_ANDROID_10 = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q;
+    public static final int API_30_ANDROID_11 = Build.VERSION_CODES.R;
+    public static final int API_31_ANDROID_12 = Build.VERSION_CODES.S;
+    public static final int API_32_ANDROID_12L = Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2;
+    public static final int API_33_ANDROID_13 = Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU;
+    public static final int API_34_ANDROID_14 = Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE;
+    public static final int API_35_ANDROID_15 = Build.VERSION_CODES.VANILLA_ICE_CREAM;
+
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/CleanUp.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public final class CleanUp {
     private static final int MSG_TYPE_MASK = 0b11;
     private static final int MSG_TYPE_RESTORE_STAY_ON = 0;
     private static final int MSG_TYPE_DISABLE_SHOW_TOUCHES = 1;
-    private static final int MSG_TYPE_RESTORE_NORMAL_POWER_MODE = 2;
+    private static final int MSG_TYPE_RESTORE_DISPLAY_POWER = 2;
     private static final int MSG_TYPE_POWER_OFF_SCREEN = 3;
 
     private static final int MSG_PARAM_SHIFT = 2;
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ public final class CleanUp {
         return sendMessage(MSG_TYPE_DISABLE_SHOW_TOUCHES, disableOnExit ? 1 : 0);
     }
 
-    public boolean setRestoreNormalPowerMode(boolean restoreOnExit) {
-        return sendMessage(MSG_TYPE_RESTORE_NORMAL_POWER_MODE, restoreOnExit ? 1 : 0);
+    public boolean setRestoreDisplayPower(boolean restoreOnExit) {
+        return sendMessage(MSG_TYPE_RESTORE_DISPLAY_POWER, restoreOnExit ? 1 : 0);
     }
 
     public boolean setPowerOffScreen(boolean powerOffScreenOnExit) {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public final class CleanUp {
 
         int restoreStayOn = -1;
         boolean disableShowTouches = false;
-        boolean restoreNormalPowerMode = false;
+        boolean restoreDisplayPower = false;
         boolean powerOffScreen = false;
 
         try {
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ public final class CleanUp {
                     case MSG_TYPE_DISABLE_SHOW_TOUCHES:
                         disableShowTouches = param != 0;
                         break;
-                    case MSG_TYPE_RESTORE_NORMAL_POWER_MODE:
-                        restoreNormalPowerMode = param != 0;
+                    case MSG_TYPE_RESTORE_DISPLAY_POWER:
+                        restoreDisplayPower = param != 0;
                         break;
                     case MSG_TYPE_POWER_OFF_SCREEN:
                         powerOffScreen = param != 0;
@@ -137,13 +137,13 @@ public final class CleanUp {
             }
         }
 
-        if (Device.isScreenOn()) {
+        if (Device.isScreenOn() && displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
             if (powerOffScreen) {
                 Ln.i("Power off screen");
                 Device.powerOffScreen(displayId);
-            } else if (restoreNormalPowerMode) {
-                Ln.i("Restoring normal power mode");
-                Device.setScreenPowerMode(Device.POWER_MODE_NORMAL);
+            } else if (restoreDisplayPower) {
+                Ln.i("Restoring display power");
+                Device.setDisplayPower(displayId, true);
             }
         }
 

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/FakeContext.java

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import android.annotation.TargetApi;
 import android.content.AttributionSource;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.ContextWrapper;
-import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Process;
 
 public final class FakeContext extends ContextWrapper {
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ public final class FakeContext extends ContextWrapper {
         return PACKAGE_NAME;
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12)
     @Override
     public AttributionSource getAttributionSource() {
         AttributionSource.Builder builder = new AttributionSource.Builder(Process.SHELL_UID);

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/Options.java

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package com.genymobile.scrcpy;
 
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio.AudioCodec;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio.AudioSource;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Device;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.NewDisplay;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.CodecOption;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ public class Options {
     private int videoBitRate = 8000000;
     private int audioBitRate = 128000;
     private float maxFps;
-    private int lockVideoOrientation = -1;
+    private int lockVideoOrientation = Device.LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_UNLOCKED;
     private boolean tunnelForward;
     private Rect crop;
     private boolean control = true;
@@ -54,10 +56,13 @@ public class Options {
     private boolean cleanup = true;
     private boolean powerOn = true;
 
+    private NewDisplay newDisplay;
+
     private boolean listEncoders;
     private boolean listDisplays;
     private boolean listCameras;
     private boolean listCameraSizes;
+    private boolean listApps;
 
     // Options not used by the scrcpy client, but useful to use scrcpy-server directly
     private boolean sendDeviceMeta = true; // send device name and size
@@ -205,8 +210,12 @@ public class Options {
         return powerOn;
     }
 
+    public NewDisplay getNewDisplay() {
+        return newDisplay;
+    }
+
     public boolean getList() {
-        return listEncoders || listDisplays || listCameras || listCameraSizes;
+        return listEncoders || listDisplays || listCameras || listCameraSizes || listApps;
     }
 
     public boolean getListEncoders() {
@@ -225,6 +234,10 @@ public class Options {
         return listCameraSizes;
     }
 
+    public boolean getListApps() {
+        return listApps;
+    }
+
     public boolean getSendDeviceMeta() {
         return sendDeviceMeta;
     }
@@ -241,6 +254,10 @@ public class Options {
         return sendCodecMeta;
     }
 
+    public void resetLockVideoOrientation() {
+        this.lockVideoOrientation = Device.LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_UNLOCKED;
+    }
+
     @SuppressWarnings("MethodLength")
     public static Options parse(String... args) {
         if (args.length < 1) {
@@ -388,6 +405,9 @@ public class Options {
                 case "list_camera_sizes":
                     options.listCameraSizes = Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
                     break;
+                case "list_apps":
+                    options.listApps = Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
+                    break;
                 case "camera_id":
                     if (!value.isEmpty()) {
                         options.cameraId = value;
@@ -418,6 +438,9 @@ public class Options {
                 case "camera_high_speed":
                     options.cameraHighSpeed = Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
                     break;
+                case "new_display":
+                    options.newDisplay = parseNewDisplay(value);
+                    break;
                 case "send_device_meta":
                     options.sendDeviceMeta = Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
                     break;
@@ -475,6 +498,9 @@ public class Options {
         }
         int width = Integer.parseInt(tokens[0]);
         int height = Integer.parseInt(tokens[1]);
+        if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid non-positive size dimension: \"" + size + "\"");
+        }
         return new Size(width, height);
     }
 
@@ -501,4 +527,36 @@ public class Options {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid float value for " + key + ": \"" + value + "\"");
         }
     }
+
+    private static NewDisplay parseNewDisplay(String newDisplay) {
+        // Possible inputs:
+        //  - "" (empty string)
+        //  - "<width>x<height>/<dpi>"
+        //  - "<width>x<height>"
+        //  - "/<dpi>"
+        if (newDisplay.isEmpty()) {
+            return new NewDisplay();
+        }
+
+        String[] tokens = newDisplay.split("/");
+
+        Size size;
+        if (!tokens[0].isEmpty()) {
+            size = parseSize(tokens[0]);
+        } else {
+            size = null;
+        }
+
+        int dpi;
+        if (tokens.length >= 2) {
+            dpi = Integer.parseInt(tokens[1]);
+            if (dpi <= 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid non-positive dpi: " + tokens[1]);
+            }
+        } else {
+            dpi = 0;
+        }
+
+        return new NewDisplay(size, dpi);
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/Server.java

@@ -9,16 +9,17 @@ import com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio.AudioRawRecorder;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio.AudioSource;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.control.ControlChannel;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.control.Controller;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.control.DeviceMessage;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.ConfigurationException;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.DesktopConnection;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Device;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.NewDisplay;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Streamer;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.LogUtils;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Settings;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.SettingsException;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.CameraCapture;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.NewDisplayCapture;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.ScreenCapture;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.SurfaceCapture;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.SurfaceEncoder;
@@ -121,16 +122,41 @@ public final class Server {
     }
 
     private static void scrcpy(Options options) throws IOException, ConfigurationException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.S && options.getVideoSource() == VideoSource.CAMERA) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12 && options.getVideoSource() == VideoSource.CAMERA) {
             Ln.e("Camera mirroring is not supported before Android 12");
             throw new ConfigurationException("Camera mirroring is not supported");
         }
 
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10 && options.getNewDisplay() != null) {
+            Ln.e("New virtual display is not supported before Android 10");
+            throw new ConfigurationException("New virtual display is not supported");
+        }
+
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14) {
+            int lockVideoOrientation = options.getLockVideoOrientation();
+            if (lockVideoOrientation != Device.LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_UNLOCKED) {
+                if (lockVideoOrientation != Device.LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL_AUTO) {
+                    Ln.e("--lock-video-orientation is broken on Android >= 14: <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/4011>");
+                    throw new ConfigurationException("--lock-video-orientation is broken on Android >= 14");
+                } else {
+                    // If the flag has been set automatically (because v4l2 sink is enabled), do not fail
+                    Ln.w("--lock-video-orientation is ignored on Android >= 14: <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/4011>");
+                }
+            }
+            if (options.getCrop() != null) {
+                Ln.e("--crop is broken on Android >= 14: <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/4162>");
+                throw new ConfigurationException("Crop is not broken on Android >= 14");
+            }
+        }
+
         CleanUp cleanUp = null;
         Thread initThread = null;
 
+        NewDisplay newDisplay = options.getNewDisplay();
+        int displayId = newDisplay == null ? options.getDisplayId() : Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+
         if (options.getCleanup()) {
-            cleanUp = CleanUp.configure(options.getDisplayId());
+            cleanUp = CleanUp.configure(displayId);
             initThread = startInitThread(options, cleanUp);
         }
 
@@ -140,9 +166,6 @@ public final class Server {
         boolean video = options.getVideo();
         boolean audio = options.getAudio();
         boolean sendDummyByte = options.getSendDummyByte();
-        boolean camera = video && options.getVideoSource() == VideoSource.CAMERA;
-
-        final Device device = camera ? null : new Device(options);
 
         Workarounds.apply();
 
@@ -154,13 +177,11 @@ public final class Server {
                 connection.sendDeviceMeta(Device.getDeviceName());
             }
 
+            Controller controller = null;
+
             if (control) {
                 ControlChannel controlChannel = connection.getControlChannel();
-                Controller controller = new Controller(device, controlChannel, cleanUp, options.getClipboardAutosync(), options.getPowerOn());
-                device.setClipboardListener(text -> {
-                    DeviceMessage msg = DeviceMessage.createClipboard(text);
-                    controller.getSender().send(msg);
-                });
+                controller = new Controller(displayId, controlChannel, cleanUp, options.getClipboardAutosync(), options.getPowerOn());
                 asyncProcessors.add(controller);
             }
 
@@ -190,7 +211,13 @@ public final class Server {
                         options.getSendFrameMeta());
                 SurfaceCapture surfaceCapture;
                 if (options.getVideoSource() == VideoSource.DISPLAY) {
-                    surfaceCapture = new ScreenCapture(device);
+                    if (newDisplay != null) {
+                        surfaceCapture = new NewDisplayCapture(controller, newDisplay, options.getMaxSize());
+                    } else {
+                        assert displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+                        surfaceCapture = new ScreenCapture(controller, displayId, options.getMaxSize(), options.getCrop(),
+                                options.getLockVideoOrientation());
+                    }
                 } else {
                     surfaceCapture = new CameraCapture(options.getCameraId(), options.getCameraFacing(), options.getCameraSize(),
                             options.getMaxSize(), options.getCameraAspectRatio(), options.getCameraFps(), options.getCameraHighSpeed());
@@ -282,6 +309,11 @@ public final class Server {
                 Workarounds.apply();
                 Ln.i(LogUtils.buildCameraListMessage(options.getListCameraSizes()));
             }
+            if (options.getListApps()) {
+                Workarounds.apply();
+                Ln.i("Processing Android apps... (this may take some time)");
+                Ln.i(LogUtils.buildAppListMessage());
+            }
             // Just print the requested data, do not mirror
             return;
         }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/Workarounds.java

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public final class Workarounds {
     }
 
     public static void apply() {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12) {
             // On some Samsung devices, DisplayManagerGlobal.getDisplayInfoLocked() calls ActivityThread.currentActivityThread().getConfiguration(),
             // which requires a non-null ConfigurationController.
             // ConfigurationController was introduced in Android 12, so do not attempt to set it on lower versions.
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ public final class Workarounds {
         }
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11)
     @SuppressLint("WrongConstant,MissingPermission")
     public static AudioRecord createAudioRecord(int source, int sampleRate, int channelConfig, int channels, int channelMask, int encoding) throws
             AudioCaptureException {
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ public final class Workarounds {
             int[] session = new int[]{AudioManager.AUDIO_SESSION_ID_GENERATE};
 
             int initResult;
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12) {
                 // private native final int native_setup(Object audiorecord_this,
                 // Object /*AudioAttributes*/ attributes,
                 // int[] sampleRate, int channelMask, int channelIndexMask, int audioFormat,
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ public final class Workarounds {
                     Method getParcelMethod = attributionSourceState.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("getParcel");
                     Parcel attributionSourceParcel = (Parcel) getParcelMethod.invoke(attributionSourceState);
 
-                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE) {
+                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14) {
                         // private native int native_setup(Object audiorecordThis,
                         // Object /*AudioAttributes*/ attributes,
                         // int[] sampleRate, int channelMask, int channelIndexMask, int audioFormat,

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/audio/AudioDirectCapture.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.FakeContext;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.Workarounds;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
@@ -45,11 +46,11 @@ public class AudioDirectCapture implements AudioCapture {
         }
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_23_ANDROID_6_0)
     @SuppressLint({"WrongConstant", "MissingPermission"})
     private static AudioRecord createAudioRecord(int audioSource) {
         AudioRecord.Builder builder = new AudioRecord.Builder();
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12) {
             // On older APIs, Workarounds.fillAppInfo() must be called beforehand
             builder.setContext(FakeContext.get());
         }
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ public class AudioDirectCapture implements AudioCapture {
 
     @Override
     public void checkCompatibility() throws AudioCaptureException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11) {
             Ln.w("Audio disabled: it is not supported before Android 11");
             throw new AudioCaptureException();
         }
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ public class AudioDirectCapture implements AudioCapture {
 
     @Override
     public void start() throws AudioCaptureException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11) {
             startWorkaroundAndroid11();
             try {
                 tryStartRecording(5, 100);
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ public class AudioDirectCapture implements AudioCapture {
     }
 
     @Override
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0)
     public int read(ByteBuffer outDirectBuffer, MediaCodec.BufferInfo outBufferInfo) {
         return reader.read(outDirectBuffer, outBufferInfo);
     }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/audio/AudioEncoder.java

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AsyncProcessor;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.ConfigurationException;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Streamer;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Codec;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.CodecOption;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.CodecUtils;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.ConfigurationException;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.IO;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.LogUtils;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Streamer;
 
 import android.annotation.TargetApi;
 import android.media.MediaCodec;
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ public final class AudioEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
         return format;
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0)
     private void inputThread(MediaCodec mediaCodec, AudioCapture capture) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
         final MediaCodec.BufferInfo bufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();
 
@@ -175,9 +176,9 @@ public final class AudioEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
         }
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_23_ANDROID_6_0)
     private void encode() throws IOException, ConfigurationException, AudioCaptureException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11) {
             Ln.w("Audio disabled: it is not supported before Android 11");
             streamer.writeDisableStream(false);
             return;
@@ -287,7 +288,13 @@ public final class AudioEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
         if (encoderName != null) {
             Ln.d("Creating audio encoder by name: '" + encoderName + "'");
             try {
-                return MediaCodec.createByCodecName(encoderName);
+                MediaCodec mediaCodec = MediaCodec.createByCodecName(encoderName);
+                String mimeType = Codec.getMimeType(mediaCodec);
+                if (!codec.getMimeType().equals(mimeType)) {
+                    Ln.e("Audio encoder type for \"" + encoderName + "\" (" + mimeType + ") does not match codec type (" + codec.getMimeType() + ")");
+                    throw new ConfigurationException("Incorrect encoder type: " + encoderName);
+                }
+                return mediaCodec;
             } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                 Ln.e("Audio encoder '" + encoderName + "' for " + codec.getName() + " not found\n" + LogUtils.buildAudioEncoderListMessage());
                 throw new ConfigurationException("Unknown encoder: " + encoderName);
@@ -308,7 +315,7 @@ public final class AudioEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
     }
 
     private final class EncoderCallback extends MediaCodec.Callback {
-        @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
+        @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0)
         @Override
         public void onInputBufferAvailable(MediaCodec codec, int index) {
             try {

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/audio/AudioPlaybackCapture.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.FakeContext;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ public final class AudioPlaybackCapture implements AudioCapture {
 
     @Override
     public void checkCompatibility() throws AudioCaptureException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_33_ANDROID_13) {
             Ln.w("Audio disabled: audio playback capture source not supported before Android 13");
             throw new AudioCaptureException();
         }
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ public final class AudioPlaybackCapture implements AudioCapture {
     }
 
     @Override
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0)
     public int read(ByteBuffer outDirectBuffer, MediaCodec.BufferInfo outBufferInfo) {
         return reader.read(outDirectBuffer, outBufferInfo);
     }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/audio/AudioRawRecorder.java

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AsyncProcessor;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Streamer;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.IO;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Streamer;
 
 import android.media.MediaCodec;
 import android.os.Build;
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ public final class AudioRawRecorder implements AsyncProcessor {
     }
 
     private void record() throws IOException, AudioCaptureException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11) {
             Ln.w("Audio disabled: it is not supported before Android 11");
             streamer.writeDisableStream(false);
             return;

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/audio/AudioRecordReader.java

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
 import android.annotation.TargetApi;
 import android.media.AudioRecord;
 import android.media.AudioTimestamp;
 import android.media.MediaCodec;
-import android.os.Build;
 
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public class AudioRecordReader {
         this.recorder = recorder;
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0)
     public int read(ByteBuffer outDirectBuffer, MediaCodec.BufferInfo outBufferInfo) {
         int r = recorder.read(outDirectBuffer, AudioConfig.MAX_READ_SIZE);
         if (r <= 0) {

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/control/ControlMessage.java

@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@ public final class ControlMessage {
     public static final int TYPE_COLLAPSE_PANELS = 7;
     public static final int TYPE_GET_CLIPBOARD = 8;
     public static final int TYPE_SET_CLIPBOARD = 9;
-    public static final int TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE = 10;
+    public static final int TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER = 10;
     public static final int TYPE_ROTATE_DEVICE = 11;
     public static final int TYPE_UHID_CREATE = 12;
     public static final int TYPE_UHID_INPUT = 13;
     public static final int TYPE_UHID_DESTROY = 14;
     public static final int TYPE_OPEN_HARD_KEYBOARD_SETTINGS = 15;
+    public static final int TYPE_START_APP = 16;
 
     public static final long SEQUENCE_INVALID = 0;
 
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ public final class ControlMessage {
     private int type;
     private String text;
     private int metaState; // KeyEvent.META_*
-    private int action; // KeyEvent.ACTION_* or MotionEvent.ACTION_* or POWER_MODE_*
+    private int action; // KeyEvent.ACTION_* or MotionEvent.ACTION_*
     private int keycode; // KeyEvent.KEYCODE_*
     private int actionButton; // MotionEvent.BUTTON_*
     private int buttons; // MotionEvent.BUTTON_*
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ public final class ControlMessage {
     private long sequence;
     private int id;
     private byte[] data;
+    private boolean on;
 
     private ControlMessage() {
     }
@@ -115,13 +117,10 @@ public final class ControlMessage {
         return msg;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * @param mode one of the {@code Device.SCREEN_POWER_MODE_*} constants
-     */
-    public static ControlMessage createSetScreenPowerMode(int mode) {
+    public static ControlMessage createSetDisplayPower(boolean on) {
         ControlMessage msg = new ControlMessage();
-        msg.type = TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE;
-        msg.action = mode;
+        msg.type = TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER;
+        msg.on = on;
         return msg;
     }
 
@@ -155,6 +154,13 @@ public final class ControlMessage {
         return msg;
     }
 
+    public static ControlMessage createStartApp(String name) {
+        ControlMessage msg = new ControlMessage();
+        msg.type = TYPE_START_APP;
+        msg.text = name;
+        return msg;
+    }
+
     public int getType() {
         return type;
     }
@@ -226,4 +232,8 @@ public final class ControlMessage {
     public byte[] getData() {
         return data;
     }
+
+    public boolean getOn() {
+        return on;
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/control/ControlMessageReader.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.control;
 
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Binary;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Position;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Binary;
 
 import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
 import java.io.DataInputStream;
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ public class ControlMessageReader {
                 return parseGetClipboard();
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_CLIPBOARD:
                 return parseSetClipboard();
-            case ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE:
-                return parseSetScreenPowerMode();
+            case ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER:
+                return parseSetDisplayPower();
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_EXPAND_NOTIFICATION_PANEL:
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_EXPAND_SETTINGS_PANEL:
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_COLLAPSE_PANELS:
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ public class ControlMessageReader {
                 return parseUhidInput();
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_UHID_DESTROY:
                 return parseUhidDestroy();
+            case ControlMessage.TYPE_START_APP:
+                return parseStartApp();
             default:
                 throw new ControlProtocolException("Unknown event type: " + type);
         }
@@ -132,9 +134,9 @@ public class ControlMessageReader {
         return ControlMessage.createSetClipboard(sequence, text, paste);
     }
 
-    private ControlMessage parseSetScreenPowerMode() throws IOException {
-        int mode = dis.readUnsignedByte();
-        return ControlMessage.createSetScreenPowerMode(mode);
+    private ControlMessage parseSetDisplayPower() throws IOException {
+        boolean on = dis.readBoolean();
+        return ControlMessage.createSetDisplayPower(on);
     }
 
     private ControlMessage parseUhidCreate() throws IOException {
@@ -155,6 +157,11 @@ public class ControlMessageReader {
         return ControlMessage.createUhidDestroy(id);
     }
 
+    private ControlMessage parseStartApp() throws IOException {
+        String name = parseString(1);
+        return ControlMessage.createStartApp(name);
+    }
+
     private Position parsePosition() throws IOException {
         int x = dis.readInt();
         int y = dis.readInt();

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/control/Controller.java

@@ -1,14 +1,20 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.control;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AsyncProcessor;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.CleanUp;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Device;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.DeviceApp;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Point;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Position;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.LogUtils;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.VirtualDisplayListener;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ClipboardManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.InputManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
 
+import android.content.IOnPrimaryClipChangedListener;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
@@ -18,11 +24,40 @@ import android.view.KeyEvent;
 import android.view.MotionEvent;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
-public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
+public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor, VirtualDisplayListener {
+
+    /*
+     * For event injection, there are two display ids:
+     *  - the displayId passed to the constructor (which comes from --display-id passed by the client, 0 for the main display);
+     *  - the virtualDisplayId used for mirroring, notified by the capture instance via the VirtualDisplayListener interface.
+     *
+     * (In case the ScreenCapture uses the "SurfaceControl API", then both ids are equals, but this is an implementation detail.)
+     *
+     * In order to make events work correctly in all cases:
+     *  - virtualDisplayId must be used for events relative to the display (mouse and touch events with coordinates);
+     *  - displayId must be used for other events (like key events).
+     *
+     * If a new separate virtual display is created (using --new-display), then displayId == Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE. In that case, all events are
+     * sent to the virtual display id.
+     */
+
+    private static final class DisplayData {
+        private final int virtualDisplayId;
+        private final PositionMapper positionMapper;
+
+        private DisplayData(int virtualDisplayId, PositionMapper positionMapper) {
+            this.virtualDisplayId = virtualDisplayId;
+            this.positionMapper = positionMapper;
+        }
+    }
 
     private static final int DEFAULT_DEVICE_ID = 0;
 
@@ -30,12 +65,14 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
     private static final int POINTER_ID_MOUSE = -1;
 
     private static final ScheduledExecutorService EXECUTOR = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
+    private ExecutorService startAppExecutor;
 
     private Thread thread;
 
     private UhidManager uhidManager;
 
-    private final Device device;
+    private final int displayId;
+    private final boolean supportsInputEvents;
     private final ControlChannel controlChannel;
     private final CleanUp cleanUp;
     private final DeviceMessageSender sender;
@@ -44,21 +81,66 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
 
     private final KeyCharacterMap charMap = KeyCharacterMap.load(KeyCharacterMap.VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD);
 
+    private final AtomicBoolean isSettingClipboard = new AtomicBoolean();
+
+    private final AtomicReference<DisplayData> displayData = new AtomicReference<>();
+    private final Object displayDataAvailable = new Object(); // condition variable
+
     private long lastTouchDown;
     private final PointersState pointersState = new PointersState();
     private final MotionEvent.PointerProperties[] pointerProperties = new MotionEvent.PointerProperties[PointersState.MAX_POINTERS];
     private final MotionEvent.PointerCoords[] pointerCoords = new MotionEvent.PointerCoords[PointersState.MAX_POINTERS];
 
-    private boolean keepPowerModeOff;
+    private boolean keepDisplayPowerOff;
 
-    public Controller(Device device, ControlChannel controlChannel, CleanUp cleanUp, boolean clipboardAutosync, boolean powerOn) {
-        this.device = device;
+    public Controller(int displayId, ControlChannel controlChannel, CleanUp cleanUp, boolean clipboardAutosync, boolean powerOn) {
+        this.displayId = displayId;
         this.controlChannel = controlChannel;
         this.cleanUp = cleanUp;
         this.clipboardAutosync = clipboardAutosync;
         this.powerOn = powerOn;
         initPointers();
         sender = new DeviceMessageSender(controlChannel);
+
+        supportsInputEvents = Device.supportsInputEvents(displayId);
+        if (!supportsInputEvents) {
+            Ln.w("Input events are not supported for secondary displays before Android 10");
+        }
+
+        if (clipboardAutosync) {
+            // If control and autosync are enabled, synchronize Android clipboard to the computer automatically
+            ClipboardManager clipboardManager = ServiceManager.getClipboardManager();
+            if (clipboardManager != null) {
+                clipboardManager.addPrimaryClipChangedListener(new IOnPrimaryClipChangedListener.Stub() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void dispatchPrimaryClipChanged() {
+                        if (isSettingClipboard.get()) {
+                            // This is a notification for the change we are currently applying, ignore it
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        String text = Device.getClipboardText();
+                        if (text != null) {
+                            DeviceMessage msg = DeviceMessage.createClipboard(text);
+                            sender.send(msg);
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            } else {
+                Ln.w("No clipboard manager, copy-paste between device and computer will not work");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onNewVirtualDisplay(int virtualDisplayId, PositionMapper positionMapper) {
+        DisplayData data = new DisplayData(virtualDisplayId, positionMapper);
+        DisplayData old = this.displayData.getAndSet(data);
+        if (old == null) {
+            // The very first time the Controller is notified of a new virtual display
+            synchronized (displayDataAvailable) {
+                displayDataAvailable.notify();
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     private UhidManager getUhidManager() {
@@ -84,8 +166,8 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
 
     private void control() throws IOException {
         // on start, power on the device
-        if (powerOn && !Device.isScreenOn()) {
-            device.pressReleaseKeycode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_POWER, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
+        if (powerOn && displayId == 0 && !Device.isScreenOn()) {
+            Device.pressReleaseKeycode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_POWER, displayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
 
             // dirty hack
             // After POWER is injected, the device is powered on asynchronously.
@@ -138,10 +220,6 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
         sender.join();
     }
 
-    public DeviceMessageSender getSender() {
-        return sender;
-    }
-
     private boolean handleEvent() throws IOException {
         ControlMessage msg;
         try {
@@ -153,27 +231,27 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
 
         switch (msg.getType()) {
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_INJECT_KEYCODE:
-                if (device.supportsInputEvents()) {
+                if (supportsInputEvents) {
                     injectKeycode(msg.getAction(), msg.getKeycode(), msg.getRepeat(), msg.getMetaState());
                 }
                 break;
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_INJECT_TEXT:
-                if (device.supportsInputEvents()) {
+                if (supportsInputEvents) {
                     injectText(msg.getText());
                 }
                 break;
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_INJECT_TOUCH_EVENT:
-                if (device.supportsInputEvents()) {
+                if (supportsInputEvents) {
                     injectTouch(msg.getAction(), msg.getPointerId(), msg.getPosition(), msg.getPressure(), msg.getActionButton(), msg.getButtons());
                 }
                 break;
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_INJECT_SCROLL_EVENT:
-                if (device.supportsInputEvents()) {
+                if (supportsInputEvents) {
                     injectScroll(msg.getPosition(), msg.getHScroll(), msg.getVScroll(), msg.getButtons());
                 }
                 break;
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_BACK_OR_SCREEN_ON:
-                if (device.supportsInputEvents()) {
+                if (supportsInputEvents) {
                     pressBackOrTurnScreenOn(msg.getAction());
                 }
                 break;
@@ -192,22 +270,13 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_CLIPBOARD:
                 setClipboard(msg.getText(), msg.getPaste(), msg.getSequence());
                 break;
-            case ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE:
-                if (device.supportsInputEvents()) {
-                    int mode = msg.getAction();
-                    boolean setPowerModeOk = Device.setScreenPowerMode(mode);
-                    if (setPowerModeOk) {
-                        keepPowerModeOff = mode == Device.POWER_MODE_OFF;
-                        Ln.i("Device screen turned " + (mode == Device.POWER_MODE_OFF ? "off" : "on"));
-                        if (cleanUp != null) {
-                            boolean mustRestoreOnExit = mode != Device.POWER_MODE_NORMAL;
-                            cleanUp.setRestoreNormalPowerMode(mustRestoreOnExit);
-                        }
-                    }
+            case ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER:
+                if (supportsInputEvents && displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
+                    setDisplayPower(msg.getOn());
                 }
                 break;
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_ROTATE_DEVICE:
-                device.rotateDevice();
+                Device.rotateDevice(getActionDisplayId());
                 break;
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_UHID_CREATE:
                 getUhidManager().open(msg.getId(), msg.getText(), msg.getData());
@@ -221,6 +290,9 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
             case ControlMessage.TYPE_OPEN_HARD_KEYBOARD_SETTINGS:
                 openHardKeyboardSettings();
                 break;
+            case ControlMessage.TYPE_START_APP:
+                startAppAsync(msg.getText());
+                break;
             default:
                 // do nothing
         }
@@ -229,10 +301,11 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
     }
 
     private boolean injectKeycode(int action, int keycode, int repeat, int metaState) {
-        if (keepPowerModeOff && action == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP && (keycode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_POWER || keycode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_WAKEUP)) {
-            schedulePowerModeOff();
+        if (keepDisplayPowerOff && action == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP && (keycode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_POWER || keycode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_WAKEUP)) {
+            assert displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+            scheduleDisplayPowerOff(displayId);
         }
-        return device.injectKeyEvent(action, keycode, repeat, metaState, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
+        return injectKeyEvent(action, keycode, repeat, metaState, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
     }
 
     private boolean injectChar(char c) {
@@ -242,8 +315,10 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
         if (events == null) {
             return false;
         }
+
+        int actionDisplayId = getActionDisplayId();
         for (KeyEvent event : events) {
-            if (!device.injectEvent(event, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
+            if (!Device.injectEvent(event, actionDisplayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
@@ -265,7 +340,12 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
     private boolean injectTouch(int action, long pointerId, Position position, float pressure, int actionButton, int buttons) {
         long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
 
-        Point point = device.getPhysicalPoint(position);
+        // it hides the field on purpose, to read it with atomic access
+        @SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:HiddenField")
+        DisplayData displayData = this.displayData.get();
+        assert displayData != null : "Cannot receive a touch event without a display";
+
+        Point point = displayData.positionMapper.map(position);
         if (point == null) {
             Ln.w("Ignore touch event, it was generated for a different device size");
             return false;
@@ -318,13 +398,13 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
          *
          * Otherwise, Chrome does not work properly: <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/3635>
          */
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M && source == InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_23_ANDROID_6_0 && source == InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE) {
             if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                 if (actionButton == buttons) {
                     // First button pressed: ACTION_DOWN
                     MotionEvent downEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(lastTouchDown, now, MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN, pointerCount, pointerProperties,
                             pointerCoords, 0, buttons, 1f, 1f, DEFAULT_DEVICE_ID, 0, source, 0);
-                    if (!device.injectEvent(downEvent, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
+                    if (!Device.injectEvent(downEvent, displayData.virtualDisplayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
                         return false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -335,7 +415,7 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
                 if (!InputManager.setActionButton(pressEvent, actionButton)) {
                     return false;
                 }
-                if (!device.injectEvent(pressEvent, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
+                if (!Device.injectEvent(pressEvent, displayData.virtualDisplayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
                     return false;
                 }
 
@@ -349,7 +429,7 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
                 if (!InputManager.setActionButton(releaseEvent, actionButton)) {
                     return false;
                 }
-                if (!device.injectEvent(releaseEvent, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
+                if (!Device.injectEvent(releaseEvent, displayData.virtualDisplayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
                     return false;
                 }
 
@@ -357,7 +437,7 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
                     // Last button released: ACTION_UP
                     MotionEvent upEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(lastTouchDown, now, MotionEvent.ACTION_UP, pointerCount, pointerProperties,
                             pointerCoords, 0, buttons, 1f, 1f, DEFAULT_DEVICE_ID, 0, source, 0);
-                    if (!device.injectEvent(upEvent, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
+                    if (!Device.injectEvent(upEvent, displayData.virtualDisplayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC)) {
                         return false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -368,14 +448,20 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
 
         MotionEvent event = MotionEvent.obtain(lastTouchDown, now, action, pointerCount, pointerProperties, pointerCoords, 0, buttons, 1f, 1f,
                 DEFAULT_DEVICE_ID, 0, source, 0);
-        return device.injectEvent(event, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
+        return Device.injectEvent(event, displayData.virtualDisplayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
     }
 
     private boolean injectScroll(Position position, float hScroll, float vScroll, int buttons) {
         long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
-        Point point = device.getPhysicalPoint(position);
+
+        // it hides the field on purpose, to read it with atomic access
+        @SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:HiddenField")
+        DisplayData displayData = this.displayData.get();
+        assert displayData != null : "Cannot receive a scroll event without a display";
+
+        Point point = displayData.positionMapper.map(position);
         if (point == null) {
-            // ignore event
+            Ln.w("Ignore scroll event, it was generated for a different device size");
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -390,22 +476,22 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
 
         MotionEvent event = MotionEvent.obtain(lastTouchDown, now, MotionEvent.ACTION_SCROLL, 1, pointerProperties, pointerCoords, 0, buttons, 1f, 1f,
                 DEFAULT_DEVICE_ID, 0, InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE, 0);
-        return device.injectEvent(event, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
+        return Device.injectEvent(event, displayData.virtualDisplayId, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Schedule a call to set power mode to off after a small delay.
+     * Schedule a call to set display power to off after a small delay.
      */
-    private static void schedulePowerModeOff() {
+    private static void scheduleDisplayPowerOff(int displayId) {
         EXECUTOR.schedule(() -> {
-            Ln.i("Forcing screen off");
-            Device.setScreenPowerMode(Device.POWER_MODE_OFF);
+            Ln.i("Forcing display off");
+            Device.setDisplayPower(displayId, false);
         }, 200, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
     }
 
     private boolean pressBackOrTurnScreenOn(int action) {
         if (Device.isScreenOn()) {
-            return device.injectKeyEvent(action, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK, 0, 0, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
+            return injectKeyEvent(action, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK, 0, 0, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
         }
 
         // Screen is off
@@ -415,18 +501,19 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
             return true;
         }
 
-        if (keepPowerModeOff) {
-            schedulePowerModeOff();
+        if (keepDisplayPowerOff) {
+            assert displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+            scheduleDisplayPowerOff(displayId);
         }
-        return device.pressReleaseKeycode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_POWER, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
+        return pressReleaseKeycode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_POWER, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
     }
 
     private void getClipboard(int copyKey) {
         // On Android >= 7, press the COPY or CUT key if requested
-        if (copyKey != ControlMessage.COPY_KEY_NONE && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N && device.supportsInputEvents()) {
+        if (copyKey != ControlMessage.COPY_KEY_NONE && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0 && supportsInputEvents) {
             int key = copyKey == ControlMessage.COPY_KEY_COPY ? KeyEvent.KEYCODE_COPY : KeyEvent.KEYCODE_CUT;
             // Wait until the event is finished, to ensure that the clipboard text we read just after is the correct one
-            device.pressReleaseKeycode(key, Device.INJECT_MODE_WAIT_FOR_FINISH);
+            pressReleaseKeycode(key, Device.INJECT_MODE_WAIT_FOR_FINISH);
         }
 
         // If clipboard autosync is enabled, then the device clipboard is synchronized to the computer clipboard whenever it changes, in
@@ -442,14 +529,16 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
     }
 
     private boolean setClipboard(String text, boolean paste, long sequence) {
-        boolean ok = device.setClipboardText(text);
+        isSettingClipboard.set(true);
+        boolean ok = Device.setClipboardText(text);
+        isSettingClipboard.set(false);
         if (ok) {
             Ln.i("Device clipboard set");
         }
 
         // On Android >= 7, also press the PASTE key if requested
-        if (paste && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N && device.supportsInputEvents()) {
-            device.pressReleaseKeycode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_PASTE, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
+        if (paste && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0 && supportsInputEvents) {
+            pressReleaseKeycode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_PASTE, Device.INJECT_MODE_ASYNC);
         }
 
         if (sequence != ControlMessage.SEQUENCE_INVALID) {
@@ -465,4 +554,130 @@ public class Controller implements AsyncProcessor {
         Intent intent = new Intent("android.settings.HARD_KEYBOARD_SETTINGS");
         ServiceManager.getActivityManager().startActivity(intent);
     }
+
+    private boolean injectKeyEvent(int action, int keyCode, int repeat, int metaState, int injectMode) {
+        return Device.injectKeyEvent(action, keyCode, repeat, metaState, getActionDisplayId(), injectMode);
+    }
+
+    private boolean pressReleaseKeycode(int keyCode, int injectMode) {
+        return Device.pressReleaseKeycode(keyCode, getActionDisplayId(), injectMode);
+    }
+
+    private int getActionDisplayId() {
+        if (displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
+            // Real screen mirrored, use the source display id
+            return displayId;
+        }
+
+        // Virtual display created by --new-display, use the virtualDisplayId
+        DisplayData data = displayData.get();
+        if (data == null) {
+            // If no virtual display id is initialized yet, use the main display id
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        return data.virtualDisplayId;
+    }
+
+    private void startAppAsync(String name) {
+        if (startAppExecutor == null) {
+            startAppExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+        }
+
+        // Listing and selecting the app may take a lot of time
+        startAppExecutor.submit(() -> startApp(name));
+    }
+
+    private void startApp(String name) {
+        boolean forceStopBeforeStart = name.startsWith("+");
+        if (forceStopBeforeStart) {
+            name = name.substring(1);
+        }
+
+        DeviceApp app;
+        boolean searchByName = name.startsWith("?");
+        if (searchByName) {
+            name = name.substring(1);
+
+            Ln.i("Processing Android apps... (this may take some time)");
+            List<DeviceApp> apps = Device.findByName(name);
+            if (apps.isEmpty()) {
+                Ln.w("No app found for name \"" + name + "\"");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (apps.size() > 1) {
+                String title = "No unique app found for name \"" + name + "\":";
+                Ln.w(LogUtils.buildAppListMessage(title, apps));
+                return;
+            }
+
+            app = apps.get(0);
+        } else {
+            app = Device.findByPackageName(name);
+            if (app == null) {
+                Ln.w("No app found for package \"" + name + "\"");
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        int startAppDisplayId = getStartAppDisplayId();
+        if (startAppDisplayId == Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
+            Ln.e("No known display id to start app \"" + name + "\"");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Ln.i("Starting app \"" + app.getName() + "\" [" + app.getPackageName() + "] on display " + startAppDisplayId + "...");
+        Device.startApp(app.getPackageName(), startAppDisplayId, forceStopBeforeStart);
+    }
+
+    private int getStartAppDisplayId() {
+        if (displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
+            return displayId;
+        }
+
+        // Mirroring a new virtual display id (using --new-display-id feature)
+        try {
+            // Wait for at most 1 second until a virtual display id is known
+            DisplayData data = waitDisplayData(1000);
+            if (data != null) {
+                return data.virtualDisplayId;
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // do nothing
+        }
+
+        // No display id available
+        return Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+    }
+
+    private DisplayData waitDisplayData(long timeoutMillis) throws InterruptedException {
+        long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + timeoutMillis;
+
+        synchronized (displayDataAvailable) {
+            DisplayData data = displayData.get();
+            while (data == null) {
+                long timeout = deadline - System.currentTimeMillis();
+                if (timeout < 0) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                displayDataAvailable.wait(timeout);
+                data = displayData.get();
+            }
+
+            return data;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void setDisplayPower(boolean on) {
+        boolean setDisplayPowerOk = Device.setDisplayPower(displayId, on);
+        if (setDisplayPowerOk) {
+            keepDisplayPowerOff = !on;
+            Ln.i("Device display turned " + (on ? "on" : "off"));
+            if (cleanUp != null) {
+                boolean mustRestoreOnExit = !on;
+                cleanUp.setRestoreDisplayPower(mustRestoreOnExit);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/control/PositionMapper.java

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy.control;
+
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Point;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Position;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.ScreenInfo;
+
+import android.graphics.Rect;
+
+public final class PositionMapper {
+
+    private final Size videoSize;
+    private final Rect contentRect;
+    private final int coordsRotation;
+
+    public PositionMapper(Size videoSize, Rect contentRect, int videoRotation) {
+        this.videoSize = videoSize;
+        this.contentRect = contentRect;
+        this.coordsRotation = reverseRotation(videoRotation);
+    }
+
+    public static PositionMapper from(ScreenInfo screenInfo) {
+        // ignore the locked video orientation, the events will apply in coordinates considered in the physical device orientation
+        Size videoSize = screenInfo.getUnlockedVideoSize();
+        return new PositionMapper(videoSize, screenInfo.getContentRect(), screenInfo.getVideoRotation());
+    }
+
+    private static int reverseRotation(int rotation) {
+        return (4 - rotation) % 4;
+    }
+
+    public Point map(Position position) {
+        // reverse the video rotation to apply the events
+        Position devicePosition = position.rotate(coordsRotation);
+
+        Size clientVideoSize = devicePosition.getScreenSize();
+        if (!videoSize.equals(clientVideoSize)) {
+            // The client sends a click relative to a video with wrong dimensions,
+            // the device may have been rotated since the event was generated, so ignore the event
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        Point point = devicePosition.getPoint();
+        int convertedX = contentRect.left + point.getX() * contentRect.width() / videoSize.getWidth();
+        int convertedY = contentRect.top + point.getY() * contentRect.height() / videoSize.getHeight();
+        return new Point(convertedX, convertedY);
+    }
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/control/UhidManager.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.control;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.StringUtils;
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ public final class UhidManager {
 
     public UhidManager(DeviceMessageSender sender) {
         this.sender = sender;
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_23_ANDROID_6_0) {
             HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("UHidManager");
             thread.start();
             queue = thread.getLooper().getQueue();
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ public final class UhidManager {
     }
 
     private void registerUhidListener(int id, FileDescriptor fd) {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_23_ANDROID_6_0) {
             queue.addOnFileDescriptorEventListener(fd, MessageQueue.OnFileDescriptorEventListener.EVENT_INPUT, (fd2, events) -> {
                 try {
                     buffer.clear();
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ public final class UhidManager {
     }
 
     private void unregisterUhidListener(FileDescriptor fd) {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_23_ANDROID_6_0) {
             queue.removeOnFileDescriptorEventListener(fd);
         }
     }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/device/Device.java

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.device;
 
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.Options;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.FakeContext;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.LogUtils;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.ScreenInfo;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ActivityManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ClipboardManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.DisplayControl;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.InputManager;
@@ -11,22 +11,28 @@ import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.SurfaceControl;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.WindowManager;
 
-import android.content.IOnPrimaryClipChangedListener;
-import android.graphics.Rect;
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.app.ActivityOptions;
+import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
-import android.view.IDisplayFoldListener;
-import android.view.IRotationWatcher;
 import android.view.InputDevice;
 import android.view.InputEvent;
 import android.view.KeyCharacterMap;
 import android.view.KeyEvent;
 
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 
 public final class Device {
 
+    public static final int DISPLAY_ID_NONE = -1;
+
     public static final int POWER_MODE_OFF = SurfaceControl.POWER_MODE_OFF;
     public static final int POWER_MODE_NORMAL = SurfaceControl.POWER_MODE_NORMAL;
 
@@ -36,178 +42,11 @@ public final class Device {
 
     public static final int LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_UNLOCKED = -1;
     public static final int LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL = -2;
+    // like SC_LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL, but set automatically
+    public static final int LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL_AUTO = -3;
 
-    public interface RotationListener {
-        void onRotationChanged(int rotation);
-    }
-
-    public interface FoldListener {
-        void onFoldChanged(int displayId, boolean folded);
-    }
-
-    public interface ClipboardListener {
-        void onClipboardTextChanged(String text);
-    }
-
-    private final Rect crop;
-    private int maxSize;
-    private final int lockVideoOrientation;
-
-    private Size deviceSize;
-    private ScreenInfo screenInfo;
-    private RotationListener rotationListener;
-    private FoldListener foldListener;
-    private ClipboardListener clipboardListener;
-    private final AtomicBoolean isSettingClipboard = new AtomicBoolean();
-
-    /**
-     * Logical display identifier
-     */
-    private final int displayId;
-
-    /**
-     * The surface flinger layer stack associated with this logical display
-     */
-    private final int layerStack;
-
-    private final boolean supportsInputEvents;
-
-    public Device(Options options) throws ConfigurationException {
-        displayId = options.getDisplayId();
-        DisplayInfo displayInfo = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().getDisplayInfo(displayId);
-        if (displayInfo == null) {
-            Ln.e("Display " + displayId + " not found\n" + LogUtils.buildDisplayListMessage());
-            throw new ConfigurationException("Unknown display id: " + displayId);
-        }
-
-        int displayInfoFlags = displayInfo.getFlags();
-
-        deviceSize = displayInfo.getSize();
-        crop = options.getCrop();
-        maxSize = options.getMaxSize();
-        lockVideoOrientation = options.getLockVideoOrientation();
-
-        screenInfo = ScreenInfo.computeScreenInfo(displayInfo.getRotation(), deviceSize, crop, maxSize, lockVideoOrientation);
-        layerStack = displayInfo.getLayerStack();
-
-        ServiceManager.getWindowManager().registerRotationWatcher(new IRotationWatcher.Stub() {
-            @Override
-            public void onRotationChanged(int rotation) {
-                synchronized (Device.this) {
-                    screenInfo = screenInfo.withDeviceRotation(rotation);
-
-                    // notify
-                    if (rotationListener != null) {
-                        rotationListener.onRotationChanged(rotation);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }, displayId);
-
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
-            ServiceManager.getWindowManager().registerDisplayFoldListener(new IDisplayFoldListener.Stub() {
-                @Override
-                public void onDisplayFoldChanged(int displayId, boolean folded) {
-                    if (Device.this.displayId != displayId) {
-                        // Ignore events related to other display ids
-                        return;
-                    }
-
-                    synchronized (Device.this) {
-                        DisplayInfo displayInfo = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().getDisplayInfo(displayId);
-                        if (displayInfo == null) {
-                            Ln.e("Display " + displayId + " not found\n" + LogUtils.buildDisplayListMessage());
-                            return;
-                        }
-
-                        deviceSize = displayInfo.getSize();
-                        screenInfo = ScreenInfo.computeScreenInfo(displayInfo.getRotation(), deviceSize, crop, maxSize, lockVideoOrientation);
-                        // notify
-                        if (foldListener != null) {
-                            foldListener.onFoldChanged(displayId, folded);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            });
-        }
-
-        if (options.getControl() && options.getClipboardAutosync()) {
-            // If control and autosync are enabled, synchronize Android clipboard to the computer automatically
-            ClipboardManager clipboardManager = ServiceManager.getClipboardManager();
-            if (clipboardManager != null) {
-                clipboardManager.addPrimaryClipChangedListener(new IOnPrimaryClipChangedListener.Stub() {
-                    @Override
-                    public void dispatchPrimaryClipChanged() {
-                        if (isSettingClipboard.get()) {
-                            // This is a notification for the change we are currently applying, ignore it
-                            return;
-                        }
-                        synchronized (Device.this) {
-                            if (clipboardListener != null) {
-                                String text = getClipboardText();
-                                if (text != null) {
-                                    clipboardListener.onClipboardTextChanged(text);
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                });
-            } else {
-                Ln.w("No clipboard manager, copy-paste between device and computer will not work");
-            }
-        }
-
-        if ((displayInfoFlags & DisplayInfo.FLAG_SUPPORTS_PROTECTED_BUFFERS) == 0) {
-            Ln.w("Display doesn't have FLAG_SUPPORTS_PROTECTED_BUFFERS flag, mirroring can be restricted");
-        }
-
-        // main display or any display on Android >= Q
-        supportsInputEvents = displayId == 0 || Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q;
-        if (!supportsInputEvents) {
-            Ln.w("Input events are not supported for secondary displays before Android 10");
-        }
-    }
-
-    public int getDisplayId() {
-        return displayId;
-    }
-
-    public synchronized void setMaxSize(int newMaxSize) {
-        maxSize = newMaxSize;
-        screenInfo = ScreenInfo.computeScreenInfo(screenInfo.getReverseVideoRotation(), deviceSize, crop, newMaxSize, lockVideoOrientation);
-    }
-
-    public synchronized ScreenInfo getScreenInfo() {
-        return screenInfo;
-    }
-
-    public int getLayerStack() {
-        return layerStack;
-    }
-
-    public Point getPhysicalPoint(Position position) {
-        // it hides the field on purpose, to read it with a lock
-        @SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:HiddenField")
-        ScreenInfo screenInfo = getScreenInfo(); // read with synchronization
-
-        // ignore the locked video orientation, the events will apply in coordinates considered in the physical device orientation
-        Size unlockedVideoSize = screenInfo.getUnlockedVideoSize();
-
-        int reverseVideoRotation = screenInfo.getReverseVideoRotation();
-        // reverse the video rotation to apply the events
-        Position devicePosition = position.rotate(reverseVideoRotation);
-
-        Size clientVideoSize = devicePosition.getScreenSize();
-        if (!unlockedVideoSize.equals(clientVideoSize)) {
-            // The client sends a click relative to a video with wrong dimensions,
-            // the device may have been rotated since the event was generated, so ignore the event
-            return null;
-        }
-        Rect contentRect = screenInfo.getContentRect();
-        Point point = devicePosition.getPoint();
-        int convertedX = contentRect.left + point.getX() * contentRect.width() / unlockedVideoSize.getWidth();
-        int convertedY = contentRect.top + point.getY() * contentRect.height() / unlockedVideoSize.getHeight();
-        return new Point(convertedX, convertedY);
+    private Device() {
+        // not instantiable
     }
 
     public static String getDeviceName() {
@@ -215,11 +54,8 @@ public final class Device {
     }
 
     public static boolean supportsInputEvents(int displayId) {
-        return displayId == 0 || Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q;
-    }
-
-    public boolean supportsInputEvents() {
-        return supportsInputEvents;
+        // main display or any display on Android >= 10
+        return displayId == 0 || Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10;
     }
 
     public static boolean injectEvent(InputEvent inputEvent, int displayId, int injectMode) {
@@ -234,10 +70,6 @@ public final class Device {
         return ServiceManager.getInputManager().injectInputEvent(inputEvent, injectMode);
     }
 
-    public boolean injectEvent(InputEvent event, int injectMode) {
-        return injectEvent(event, displayId, injectMode);
-    }
-
     public static boolean injectKeyEvent(int action, int keyCode, int repeat, int metaState, int displayId, int injectMode) {
         long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
         KeyEvent event = new KeyEvent(now, now, action, keyCode, repeat, metaState, KeyCharacterMap.VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD, 0, 0,
@@ -245,35 +77,15 @@ public final class Device {
         return injectEvent(event, displayId, injectMode);
     }
 
-    public boolean injectKeyEvent(int action, int keyCode, int repeat, int metaState, int injectMode) {
-        return injectKeyEvent(action, keyCode, repeat, metaState, displayId, injectMode);
-    }
-
     public static boolean pressReleaseKeycode(int keyCode, int displayId, int injectMode) {
         return injectKeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, keyCode, 0, 0, displayId, injectMode)
                 && injectKeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, keyCode, 0, 0, displayId, injectMode);
     }
 
-    public boolean pressReleaseKeycode(int keyCode, int injectMode) {
-        return pressReleaseKeycode(keyCode, displayId, injectMode);
-    }
-
     public static boolean isScreenOn() {
         return ServiceManager.getPowerManager().isScreenOn();
     }
 
-    public synchronized void setRotationListener(RotationListener rotationListener) {
-        this.rotationListener = rotationListener;
-    }
-
-    public synchronized void setFoldListener(FoldListener foldlistener) {
-        this.foldListener = foldlistener;
-    }
-
-    public synchronized void setClipboardListener(ClipboardListener clipboardListener) {
-        this.clipboardListener = clipboardListener;
-    }
-
     public static void expandNotificationPanel() {
         ServiceManager.getStatusBarManager().expandNotificationsPanel();
     }
@@ -298,7 +110,7 @@ public final class Device {
         return s.toString();
     }
 
-    public boolean setClipboardText(String text) {
+    public static boolean setClipboardText(String text) {
         ClipboardManager clipboardManager = ServiceManager.getClipboardManager();
         if (clipboardManager == null) {
             return false;
@@ -313,20 +125,20 @@ public final class Device {
             return false;
         }
 
-        isSettingClipboard.set(true);
-        boolean ok = clipboardManager.setText(text);
-        isSettingClipboard.set(false);
-        return ok;
+        return clipboardManager.setText(text);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * @param mode one of the {@code POWER_MODE_*} constants
-     */
-    public static boolean setScreenPowerMode(int mode) {
-        boolean applyToMultiPhysicalDisplays = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q;
+    public static boolean setDisplayPower(int displayId, boolean on) {
+        assert displayId != Device.DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_35_ANDROID_15) {
+            return ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().requestDisplayPower(displayId, on);
+        }
+
+        boolean applyToMultiPhysicalDisplays = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10;
 
         if (applyToMultiPhysicalDisplays
-                && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE
+                && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14
                 && Build.BRAND.equalsIgnoreCase("honor")
                 && SurfaceControl.hasGetBuildInDisplayMethod()) {
             // Workaround for Honor devices with Android 14:
@@ -335,10 +147,11 @@ public final class Device {
             applyToMultiPhysicalDisplays = false;
         }
 
+        int mode = on ? POWER_MODE_NORMAL : POWER_MODE_OFF;
         if (applyToMultiPhysicalDisplays) {
             // On Android 14, these internal methods have been moved to DisplayControl
             boolean useDisplayControl =
-                    Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE && !SurfaceControl.hasGetPhysicalDisplayIdsMethod();
+                    Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14 && !SurfaceControl.hasGetPhysicalDisplayIdsMethod();
 
             // Change the power mode for all physical displays
             long[] physicalDisplayIds = useDisplayControl ? DisplayControl.getPhysicalDisplayIds() : SurfaceControl.getPhysicalDisplayIds();
@@ -366,6 +179,8 @@ public final class Device {
     }
 
     public static boolean powerOffScreen(int displayId) {
+        assert displayId != DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+
         if (!isScreenOn()) {
             return true;
         }
@@ -375,7 +190,9 @@ public final class Device {
     /**
      * Disable auto-rotation (if enabled), set the screen rotation and re-enable auto-rotation (if it was enabled).
      */
-    public void rotateDevice() {
+    public static void rotateDevice(int displayId) {
+        assert displayId != DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+
         WindowManager wm = ServiceManager.getWindowManager();
 
         boolean accelerometerRotation = !wm.isRotationFrozen(displayId);
@@ -394,6 +211,8 @@ public final class Device {
     }
 
     private static int getCurrentRotation(int displayId) {
+        assert displayId != DISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+
         if (displayId == 0) {
             return ServiceManager.getWindowManager().getRotation();
         }
@@ -401,4 +220,96 @@ public final class Device {
         DisplayInfo displayInfo = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().getDisplayInfo(displayId);
         return displayInfo.getRotation();
     }
+
+    public static List<DeviceApp> listApps() {
+        List<DeviceApp> apps = new ArrayList<>();
+        PackageManager pm = FakeContext.get().getPackageManager();
+        for (ApplicationInfo appInfo : getLaunchableApps(pm)) {
+            apps.add(toApp(pm, appInfo));
+        }
+
+        return apps;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressLint("QueryPermissionsNeeded")
+    private static List<ApplicationInfo> getLaunchableApps(PackageManager pm) {
+        List<ApplicationInfo> result = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (ApplicationInfo appInfo : pm.getInstalledApplications(PackageManager.GET_META_DATA)) {
+            if (appInfo.enabled && getLaunchIntent(pm, appInfo.packageName) != null) {
+                result.add(appInfo);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static Intent getLaunchIntent(PackageManager pm, String packageName) {
+        Intent launchIntent = pm.getLaunchIntentForPackage(packageName);
+        if (launchIntent != null) {
+            return launchIntent;
+        }
+
+        return pm.getLeanbackLaunchIntentForPackage(packageName);
+    }
+
+    private static DeviceApp toApp(PackageManager pm, ApplicationInfo appInfo) {
+        String name = pm.getApplicationLabel(appInfo).toString();
+        boolean system = (appInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0;
+        return new DeviceApp(appInfo.packageName, name, system);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressLint("QueryPermissionsNeeded")
+    public static DeviceApp findByPackageName(String packageName) {
+        PackageManager pm = FakeContext.get().getPackageManager();
+        // No need to filter by "launchable" apps, an error will be reported on start if the app is not launchable
+        for (ApplicationInfo appInfo : pm.getInstalledApplications(PackageManager.GET_META_DATA)) {
+            if (packageName.equals(appInfo.packageName)) {
+                return toApp(pm, appInfo);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressLint("QueryPermissionsNeeded")
+    public static List<DeviceApp> findByName(String searchName) {
+        List<DeviceApp> result = new ArrayList<>();
+        searchName = searchName.toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault());
+
+        PackageManager pm = FakeContext.get().getPackageManager();
+        for (ApplicationInfo appInfo : getLaunchableApps(pm)) {
+            String name = pm.getApplicationLabel(appInfo).toString();
+            if (name.toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault()).startsWith(searchName)) {
+                boolean system = (appInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0;
+                result.add(new DeviceApp(appInfo.packageName, name, system));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static void startApp(String packageName, int displayId, boolean forceStop) {
+        PackageManager pm = FakeContext.get().getPackageManager();
+
+        Intent launchIntent = getLaunchIntent(pm, packageName);
+        if (launchIntent == null) {
+            Ln.w("Cannot create launch intent for app " + packageName);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        launchIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
+
+        Bundle options = null;
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_26_ANDROID_8_0) {
+            ActivityOptions launchOptions = ActivityOptions.makeBasic();
+            launchOptions.setLaunchDisplayId(displayId);
+            options = launchOptions.toBundle();
+        }
+
+        ActivityManager am = ServiceManager.getActivityManager();
+        if (forceStop) {
+            am.forceStopPackage(packageName);
+        }
+        am.startActivity(launchIntent, options);
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/device/DeviceApp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy.device;
+
+public final class DeviceApp {
+
+    private final String packageName;
+    private final String name;
+    private final boolean system;
+
+    public DeviceApp(String packageName, String name, boolean system) {
+        this.packageName = packageName;
+        this.name = name;
+        this.system = system;
+    }
+
+    public String getPackageName() {
+        return packageName;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isSystem() {
+        return system;
+    }
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/device/DisplayInfo.java

@@ -6,15 +6,17 @@ public final class DisplayInfo {
     private final int rotation;
     private final int layerStack;
     private final int flags;
+    private final int dpi;
 
     public static final int FLAG_SUPPORTS_PROTECTED_BUFFERS = 0x00000001;
 
-    public DisplayInfo(int displayId, Size size, int rotation, int layerStack, int flags) {
+    public DisplayInfo(int displayId, Size size, int rotation, int layerStack, int flags, int dpi) {
         this.displayId = displayId;
         this.size = size;
         this.rotation = rotation;
         this.layerStack = layerStack;
         this.flags = flags;
+        this.dpi = dpi;
     }
 
     public int getDisplayId() {
@@ -36,5 +38,9 @@ public final class DisplayInfo {
     public int getFlags() {
         return flags;
     }
+
+    public int getDpi() {
+        return dpi;
+    }
 }
 

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/device/NewDisplay.java

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy.device;
+
+public final class NewDisplay {
+    private Size size;
+    private int dpi;
+
+    public NewDisplay() {
+        // Auto size and dpi
+    }
+
+    public NewDisplay(Size size, int dpi) {
+        this.size = size;
+        this.dpi = dpi;
+    }
+
+    public Size getSize() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    public int getDpi() {
+        return dpi;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasExplicitSize() {
+        return size != null;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasExplicitDpi() {
+        return dpi != 0;
+    }
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/device/Size.java

@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ public final class Size {
         return height;
     }
 
+    public int getMax() {
+        return Math.max(width, height);
+    }
+
     public Size rotate() {
         return new Size(height, width);
     }
@@ -48,6 +52,6 @@ public final class Size {
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        return "Size{" + "width=" + width + ", height=" + height + '}';
+        return "Size{" + width + 'x' + height + '}';
     }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/util/Codec.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.util;
 
+import android.media.MediaCodec;
+
 public interface Codec {
 
     enum Type {
@@ -14,4 +16,9 @@ public interface Codec {
     String getName();
 
     String getMimeType();
+
+    static String getMimeType(MediaCodec codec) {
+        String[] types = codec.getCodecInfo().getSupportedTypes();
+        return types.length > 0 ? types[0] : null;
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/util/CodecUtils.java

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.util;
 
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio.AudioCodec;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.VideoCodec;
-
 import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;
 import android.media.MediaCodecList;
 import android.media.MediaFormat;
@@ -13,24 +10,6 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 public final class CodecUtils {
 
-    public static final class DeviceEncoder {
-        private final Codec codec;
-        private final MediaCodecInfo info;
-
-        DeviceEncoder(Codec codec, MediaCodecInfo info) {
-            this.codec = codec;
-            this.info = info;
-        }
-
-        public Codec getCodec() {
-            return codec;
-        }
-
-        public MediaCodecInfo getInfo() {
-            return info;
-        }
-    }
-
     private CodecUtils() {
         // not instantiable
     }
@@ -47,7 +26,7 @@ public final class CodecUtils {
         }
     }
 
-    private static MediaCodecInfo[] getEncoders(MediaCodecList codecs, String mimeType) {
+    public static MediaCodecInfo[] getEncoders(MediaCodecList codecs, String mimeType) {
         List<MediaCodecInfo> result = new ArrayList<>();
         for (MediaCodecInfo codecInfo : codecs.getCodecInfos()) {
             if (codecInfo.isEncoder() && Arrays.asList(codecInfo.getSupportedTypes()).contains(mimeType)) {
@@ -56,26 +35,4 @@ public final class CodecUtils {
         }
         return result.toArray(new MediaCodecInfo[result.size()]);
     }
-
-    public static List<DeviceEncoder> listVideoEncoders() {
-        List<DeviceEncoder> encoders = new ArrayList<>();
-        MediaCodecList codecs = new MediaCodecList(MediaCodecList.REGULAR_CODECS);
-        for (VideoCodec codec : VideoCodec.values()) {
-            for (MediaCodecInfo info : getEncoders(codecs, codec.getMimeType())) {
-                encoders.add(new DeviceEncoder(codec, info));
-            }
-        }
-        return encoders;
-    }
-
-    public static List<DeviceEncoder> listAudioEncoders() {
-        List<DeviceEncoder> encoders = new ArrayList<>();
-        MediaCodecList codecs = new MediaCodecList(MediaCodecList.REGULAR_CODECS);
-        for (AudioCodec codec : AudioCodec.values()) {
-            for (MediaCodecInfo info : getEncoders(codecs, codec.getMimeType())) {
-                encoders.add(new DeviceEncoder(codec, info));
-            }
-        }
-        return encoders;
-    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/util/IO.java

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.util;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.BuildConfig;
 
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.Os;
 import android.system.OsConstants;
@@ -17,23 +19,38 @@ public final class IO {
         // not instantiable
     }
 
-    public static void writeFully(FileDescriptor fd, ByteBuffer from) throws IOException {
-        // ByteBuffer position is not updated as expected by Os.write() on old Android versions, so
-        // count the remaining bytes manually.
-        // See <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/291>.
-        int remaining = from.remaining();
-        while (remaining > 0) {
+    private static int write(FileDescriptor fd, ByteBuffer from) throws IOException {
+        while (true) {
             try {
-                int w = Os.write(fd, from);
+                return Os.write(fd, from);
+            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                if (e.errno != OsConstants.EINTR) {
+                    throw new IOException(e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void writeFully(FileDescriptor fd, ByteBuffer from) throws IOException {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_23_ANDROID_6_0) {
+            while (from.hasRemaining()) {
+                write(fd, from);
+            }
+        } else {
+            // ByteBuffer position is not updated as expected by Os.write() on old Android versions, so
+            // handle the position and the remaining bytes manually.
+            // See <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/291>.
+            int position = from.position();
+            int remaining = from.remaining();
+            while (remaining > 0) {
+                int w = write(fd, from);
                 if (BuildConfig.DEBUG && w < 0) {
                     // w should not be negative, since an exception is thrown on error
                     throw new AssertionError("Os.write() returned a negative value (" + w + ")");
                 }
                 remaining -= w;
-            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
-                if (e.errno != OsConstants.EINTR) {
-                    throw new IOException(e);
-                }
+                position += w;
+                from.position(position);
             }
         }
     }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/util/LogUtils.java

@@ -1,19 +1,31 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.util;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.audio.AudioCodec;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Device;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.DeviceApp;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.DisplayInfo;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.video.VideoCodec;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.DisplayManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
 
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
 import android.graphics.Rect;
 import android.hardware.camera2.CameraAccessException;
 import android.hardware.camera2.CameraCharacteristics;
 import android.hardware.camera2.CameraManager;
 import android.hardware.camera2.params.StreamConfigurationMap;
 import android.media.MediaCodec;
+import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;
+import android.media.MediaCodecList;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.util.Range;
 
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.SortedSet;
 import java.util.TreeSet;
 
@@ -23,32 +35,54 @@ public final class LogUtils {
         // not instantiable
     }
 
-    public static String buildVideoEncoderListMessage() {
-        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("List of video encoders:");
-        List<CodecUtils.DeviceEncoder> videoEncoders = CodecUtils.listVideoEncoders();
-        if (videoEncoders.isEmpty()) {
-            builder.append("\n    (none)");
-        } else {
-            for (CodecUtils.DeviceEncoder encoder : videoEncoders) {
-                builder.append("\n    --video-codec=").append(encoder.getCodec().getName());
-                builder.append(" --video-encoder='").append(encoder.getInfo().getName()).append("'");
+    private static String buildEncoderListMessage(String type, Codec[] codecs) {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("List of ").append(type).append(" encoders:");
+        MediaCodecList codecList = new MediaCodecList(MediaCodecList.REGULAR_CODECS);
+        for (Codec codec : codecs) {
+            MediaCodecInfo[] encoders = CodecUtils.getEncoders(codecList, codec.getMimeType());
+            for (MediaCodecInfo info : encoders) {
+                int lineStart = builder.length();
+                builder.append("\n    --").append(type).append("-codec=").append(codec.getName());
+                builder.append(" --").append(type).append("-encoder=").append(info.getName());
+                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
+                    int lineLength = builder.length() - lineStart;
+                    final int column = 70;
+                    if (lineLength < column) {
+                        int padding = column - lineLength;
+                        builder.append(String.format("%" + padding + "s", " "));
+                    }
+                    builder.append(" (").append(getHwCodecType(info)).append(')');
+                    if (info.isVendor()) {
+                        builder.append(" [vendor]");
+                    }
+                    if (info.isAlias()) {
+                        builder.append(" (alias for ").append(info.getCanonicalName()).append(')');
+                    }
+                }
+
             }
         }
+
         return builder.toString();
     }
 
+    public static String buildVideoEncoderListMessage() {
+        return buildEncoderListMessage("video", VideoCodec.values());
+    }
+
     public static String buildAudioEncoderListMessage() {
-        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("List of audio encoders:");
-        List<CodecUtils.DeviceEncoder> audioEncoders = CodecUtils.listAudioEncoders();
-        if (audioEncoders.isEmpty()) {
-            builder.append("\n    (none)");
-        } else {
-            for (CodecUtils.DeviceEncoder encoder : audioEncoders) {
-                builder.append("\n    --audio-codec=").append(encoder.getCodec().getName());
-                builder.append(" --audio-encoder='").append(encoder.getInfo().getName()).append("'");
-            }
+        return buildEncoderListMessage("audio", AudioCodec.values());
+    }
+
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10)
+    private static String getHwCodecType(MediaCodecInfo info) {
+        if (info.isSoftwareOnly()) {
+            return "sw";
         }
-        return builder.toString();
+        if (info.isHardwareAccelerated()) {
+            return "hw";
+        }
+        return "hybrid";
     }
 
     public static String buildDisplayListMessage() {
@@ -154,4 +188,57 @@ public final class LogUtils {
         }
         return set;
     }
+
+
+    public static String buildAppListMessage() {
+        List<DeviceApp> apps = Device.listApps();
+        return buildAppListMessage("List of apps:", apps);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressLint("QueryPermissionsNeeded")
+    public static String buildAppListMessage(String title, List<DeviceApp> apps) {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(title);
+
+        // Sort by:
+        //  1. system flag (system apps are before non-system apps)
+        //  2. name
+        //  3. package name
+        // Comparator.comparing() was introduced in API 24, so it cannot be used here to simplify the code
+        Collections.sort(apps, (thisApp, otherApp) -> {
+            // System apps first
+            int cmp = -Boolean.compare(thisApp.isSystem(), otherApp.isSystem());
+            if (cmp != 0) {
+                return cmp;
+            }
+
+            cmp = Objects.compare(thisApp.getName(), otherApp.getName(), String::compareTo);
+            if (cmp != 0) {
+                return cmp;
+            }
+
+            return Objects.compare(thisApp.getPackageName(), otherApp.getPackageName(), String::compareTo);
+        });
+
+        final int column = 30;
+        for (DeviceApp app : apps) {
+            String name = app.getName();
+            int padding = column - name.length();
+            builder.append("\n ");
+            if (app.isSystem()) {
+                builder.append("* ");
+            } else {
+                builder.append("- ");
+
+            }
+            builder.append(name);
+            if (padding > 0) {
+                builder.append(String.format("%" + padding + "s", " "));
+            } else {
+                builder.append("\n   ").append(String.format("%" + column + "s", " "));
+            }
+            builder.append(" [").append(app.getPackageName()).append(']');
+        }
+
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/util/Settings.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.util;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ContentProvider;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
 
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ public final class Settings {
     }
 
     public static String getValue(String table, String key) throws SettingsException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11) {
             // on Android >= 12, it always fails: <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/2788>
             try (ContentProvider provider = ServiceManager.getActivityManager().createSettingsProvider()) {
                 return provider.getValue(table, key);
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ public final class Settings {
     }
 
     public static void putValue(String table, String key, String value) throws SettingsException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11) {
             // on Android >= 12, it always fails: <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/2788>
             try (ContentProvider provider = ServiceManager.getActivityManager().createSettingsProvider()) {
                 provider.putValue(table, key, value);
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ public final class Settings {
     }
 
     public static String getAndPutValue(String table, String key, String value) throws SettingsException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11) {
             // on Android >= 12, it always fails: <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/2788>
             try (ContentProvider provider = ServiceManager.getActivityManager().createSettingsProvider()) {
                 String oldValue = provider.getValue(table, key);

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/CameraCapture.java

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.HandlerExecutor;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
@@ -20,7 +21,6 @@ import android.hardware.camera2.params.OutputConfiguration;
 import android.hardware.camera2.params.SessionConfiguration;
 import android.hardware.camera2.params.StreamConfigurationMap;
 import android.media.MediaCodec;
-import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.util.Range;
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ public class CameraCapture extends SurfaceCapture {
         return null;
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0)
     private static Size selectSize(String cameraId, Size explicitSize, int maxSize, CameraAspectRatio aspectRatio, boolean highSpeed)
             throws CameraAccessException {
         if (explicitSize != null) {
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ public class CameraCapture extends SurfaceCapture {
     }
 
     @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12)
     private CameraDevice openCamera(String id) throws CameraAccessException, InterruptedException {
         CompletableFuture<CameraDevice> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
         ServiceManager.getCameraManager().openCamera(id, new CameraDevice.StateCallback() {
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ public class CameraCapture extends SurfaceCapture {
         }
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12)
     private CameraCaptureSession createCaptureSession(CameraDevice camera, Surface surface) throws CameraAccessException, InterruptedException {
         CompletableFuture<CameraCaptureSession> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
         OutputConfiguration outputConfig = new OutputConfiguration(surface);
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ public class CameraCapture extends SurfaceCapture {
         return requestBuilder.build();
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12)
     private void setRepeatingRequest(CameraCaptureSession session, CaptureRequest request) throws CameraAccessException, InterruptedException {
         CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback callback = new CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback() {
             @Override

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/NewDisplayCapture.java

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
+
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.control.PositionMapper;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.DisplayInfo;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.NewDisplay;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
+
+import android.graphics.Rect;
+import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager;
+import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.view.Surface;
+
+public class NewDisplayCapture extends SurfaceCapture {
+
+    // Internal fields copied from android.hardware.display.DisplayManager
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_SUPPORTS_TOUCH = 1 << 6;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_ROTATES_WITH_CONTENT = 1 << 7;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_DESTROY_CONTENT_ON_REMOVAL = 1 << 8;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_SHOULD_SHOW_SYSTEM_DECORATIONS = 1 << 9;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED = 1 << 10;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_OWN_DISPLAY_GROUP = 1 << 11;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_ALWAYS_UNLOCKED = 1 << 12;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TOUCH_FEEDBACK_DISABLED = 1 << 13;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_OWN_FOCUS = 1 << 14;
+    private static final int VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_DEVICE_DISPLAY_GROUP = 1 << 15;
+
+    private final VirtualDisplayListener vdListener;
+    private final NewDisplay newDisplay;
+
+    private Size mainDisplaySize;
+    private int mainDisplayDpi;
+    private int maxSize; // only used if newDisplay.getSize() != null
+
+    private VirtualDisplay virtualDisplay;
+    private Size size;
+    private int dpi;
+
+    public NewDisplayCapture(VirtualDisplayListener vdListener, NewDisplay newDisplay, int maxSize) {
+        this.vdListener = vdListener;
+        this.newDisplay = newDisplay;
+        this.maxSize = maxSize;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void init() {
+        size = newDisplay.getSize();
+        dpi = newDisplay.getDpi();
+        if (size == null || dpi == 0) {
+            DisplayInfo displayInfo = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().getDisplayInfo(0);
+            if (displayInfo != null) {
+                mainDisplaySize = displayInfo.getSize();
+                mainDisplayDpi = displayInfo.getDpi();
+            } else {
+                Ln.w("Main display not found, fallback to 1920x1080 240dpi");
+                mainDisplaySize = new Size(1920, 1080);
+                mainDisplayDpi = 240;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void prepare() {
+        if (!newDisplay.hasExplicitSize()) {
+            size = ScreenInfo.computeVideoSize(mainDisplaySize.getWidth(), mainDisplaySize.getHeight(), maxSize);
+        }
+        if (!newDisplay.hasExplicitDpi()) {
+            dpi = scaleDpi(mainDisplaySize, mainDisplayDpi, size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void start(Surface surface) {
+        if (virtualDisplay != null) {
+            virtualDisplay.release();
+            virtualDisplay = null;
+        }
+
+        int virtualDisplayId;
+        try {
+            int flags = DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC
+                    | DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_OWN_CONTENT_ONLY
+                    | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_SUPPORTS_TOUCH
+                    | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_ROTATES_WITH_CONTENT
+                    | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_DESTROY_CONTENT_ON_REMOVAL
+                    | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_SHOULD_SHOW_SYSTEM_DECORATIONS;
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_33_ANDROID_13) {
+                flags |= VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED
+                        | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_OWN_DISPLAY_GROUP
+                        | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_ALWAYS_UNLOCKED
+                        | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TOUCH_FEEDBACK_DISABLED;
+                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14) {
+                     flags |= VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_OWN_FOCUS
+                             | VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_DEVICE_DISPLAY_GROUP;
+                }
+            }
+            virtualDisplay = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager()
+                    .createNewVirtualDisplay("scrcpy", size.getWidth(), size.getHeight(), dpi, surface, flags);
+            virtualDisplayId = virtualDisplay.getDisplay().getDisplayId();
+            Ln.i("New display: " + size.getWidth() + "x" + size.getHeight() + "/" + dpi + " (id=" + virtualDisplayId + ")");
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not create display", e);
+            throw new AssertionError("Could not create display");
+        }
+
+        if (vdListener != null) {
+            virtualDisplayId = virtualDisplay.getDisplay().getDisplayId();
+            Rect contentRect = new Rect(0, 0, size.getWidth(), size.getHeight());
+            PositionMapper positionMapper = new PositionMapper(size, contentRect, 0);
+            vdListener.onNewVirtualDisplay(virtualDisplayId, positionMapper);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void release() {
+        if (virtualDisplay != null) {
+            virtualDisplay.release();
+            virtualDisplay = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized Size getSize() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized boolean setMaxSize(int newMaxSize) {
+        if (newDisplay.hasExplicitSize()) {
+            // Cannot retry with a different size if the display size was explicitly provided
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        maxSize = newMaxSize;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static int scaleDpi(Size initialSize, int initialDpi, Size size) {
+        int den = initialSize.getMax();
+        int num = size.getMax();
+        return initialDpi * num / den;
+    }
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/ScreenCapture.java

@@ -1,43 +1,134 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
 
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Device;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.control.PositionMapper;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.ConfigurationException;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.DisplayInfo;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.LogUtils;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.DisplayManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.SurfaceControl;
 
 import android.graphics.Rect;
 import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay;
 import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.view.IDisplayFoldListener;
+import android.view.IRotationWatcher;
 import android.view.Surface;
 
-public class ScreenCapture extends SurfaceCapture implements Device.RotationListener, Device.FoldListener {
+public class ScreenCapture extends SurfaceCapture {
+
+    private final VirtualDisplayListener vdListener;
+    private final int displayId;
+    private int maxSize;
+    private final Rect crop;
+    private final int lockVideoOrientation;
+
+    private DisplayInfo displayInfo;
+    private ScreenInfo screenInfo;
+
+    // Source display size (before resizing/crop) for the current session
+    private Size sessionDisplaySize;
 
-    private final Device device;
     private IBinder display;
     private VirtualDisplay virtualDisplay;
 
-    public ScreenCapture(Device device) {
-        this.device = device;
+    private DisplayManager.DisplayListenerHandle displayListenerHandle;
+    private HandlerThread handlerThread;
+
+    // On Android 14, the DisplayListener may be broken (it never sends events). This is fixed in recent Android 14 upgrades, but we can't really
+    // detect it directly, so register a RotationWatcher and a DisplayFoldListener as a fallback, until we receive the first event from
+    // DisplayListener (which proves that it works).
+    private boolean displayListenerWorks; // only accessed from the display listener thread
+    private IRotationWatcher rotationWatcher;
+    private IDisplayFoldListener displayFoldListener;
+
+    public ScreenCapture(VirtualDisplayListener vdListener, int displayId, int maxSize, Rect crop, int lockVideoOrientation) {
+        this.vdListener = vdListener;
+        this.displayId = displayId;
+        this.maxSize = maxSize;
+        this.crop = crop;
+        this.lockVideoOrientation = lockVideoOrientation;
     }
 
     @Override
     public void init() {
-        device.setRotationListener(this);
-        device.setFoldListener(this);
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14) {
+            registerDisplayListenerFallbacks();
+        }
+
+        handlerThread = new HandlerThread("DisplayListener");
+        handlerThread.start();
+        Handler handler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper());
+        displayListenerHandle = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().registerDisplayListener(displayId -> {
+            if (Ln.isEnabled(Ln.Level.VERBOSE)) {
+                Ln.v("ScreenCapture: onDisplayChanged(" + displayId + ")");
+            }
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14) {
+                if (!displayListenerWorks) {
+                    // On the first display listener event, we know it works, we can unregister the fallbacks
+                    displayListenerWorks = true;
+                    unregisterDisplayListenerFallbacks();
+                }
+            }
+            if (this.displayId == displayId) {
+                DisplayInfo di = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().getDisplayInfo(displayId);
+                if (di == null) {
+                    Ln.w("DisplayInfo for " + displayId + " cannot be retrieved");
+                    // We can't compare with the current size, so reset unconditionally
+                    if (Ln.isEnabled(Ln.Level.VERBOSE)) {
+                        Ln.v("ScreenCapture: requestReset(): " + getSessionDisplaySize() + " -> (unknown)");
+                    }
+                    setSessionDisplaySize(null);
+                    requestReset();
+                } else {
+                    Size size = di.getSize();
+
+                    // The field is hidden on purpose, to read it with synchronization
+                    @SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:HiddenField")
+                    Size sessionDisplaySize = getSessionDisplaySize(); // synchronized
+
+                    // .equals() also works if sessionDisplaySize == null
+                    if (!size.equals(sessionDisplaySize)) {
+                        // Reset only if the size is different
+                        if (Ln.isEnabled(Ln.Level.VERBOSE)) {
+                            Ln.v("ScreenCapture: requestReset(): " + sessionDisplaySize + " -> " + size);
+                        }
+                        // Set the new size immediately, so that a future onDisplayChanged() event called before the asynchronous prepare()
+                        // considers that the current size is the requested size (to avoid a duplicate requestReset())
+                        setSessionDisplaySize(size);
+                        requestReset();
+                    } else if (Ln.isEnabled(Ln.Level.VERBOSE)) {
+                        Ln.v("ScreenCapture: Size not changed (" + size + "): do not requestReset()");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }, handler);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void prepare() throws ConfigurationException {
+        displayInfo = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().getDisplayInfo(displayId);
+        if (displayInfo == null) {
+            Ln.e("Display " + displayId + " not found\n" + LogUtils.buildDisplayListMessage());
+            throw new ConfigurationException("Unknown display id: " + displayId);
+        }
+
+        if ((displayInfo.getFlags() & DisplayInfo.FLAG_SUPPORTS_PROTECTED_BUFFERS) == 0) {
+            Ln.w("Display doesn't have FLAG_SUPPORTS_PROTECTED_BUFFERS flag, mirroring can be restricted");
+        }
+
+        setSessionDisplaySize(displayInfo.getSize());
+        screenInfo = ScreenInfo.computeScreenInfo(displayInfo.getRotation(), displayInfo.getSize(), crop, maxSize, lockVideoOrientation);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void start(Surface surface) {
-        ScreenInfo screenInfo = device.getScreenInfo();
-        Rect contentRect = screenInfo.getContentRect();
-
-        // does not include the locked video orientation
-        Rect unlockedVideoRect = screenInfo.getUnlockedVideoSize().toRect();
-        int videoRotation = screenInfo.getVideoRotation();
-        int layerStack = device.getLayerStack();
-
         if (display != null) {
             SurfaceControl.destroyDisplay(display);
             display = null;
@@ -47,15 +138,31 @@ public class ScreenCapture extends SurfaceCapture implements Device.RotationList
             virtualDisplay = null;
         }
 
+        int virtualDisplayId;
+        PositionMapper positionMapper;
         try {
-            Rect videoRect = screenInfo.getVideoSize().toRect();
+            Size videoSize = screenInfo.getVideoSize();
             virtualDisplay = ServiceManager.getDisplayManager()
-                    .createVirtualDisplay("scrcpy", videoRect.width(), videoRect.height(), device.getDisplayId(), surface);
+                    .createVirtualDisplay("scrcpy", videoSize.getWidth(), videoSize.getHeight(), displayId, surface);
+            virtualDisplayId = virtualDisplay.getDisplay().getDisplayId();
+            Rect contentRect = new Rect(0, 0, videoSize.getWidth(), videoSize.getHeight());
+            // The position are relative to the virtual display, not the original display
+            positionMapper = new PositionMapper(videoSize, contentRect, 0);
             Ln.d("Display: using DisplayManager API");
         } catch (Exception displayManagerException) {
             try {
                 display = createDisplay();
+
+                Rect contentRect = screenInfo.getContentRect();
+
+                // does not include the locked video orientation
+                Rect unlockedVideoRect = screenInfo.getUnlockedVideoSize().toRect();
+                int videoRotation = screenInfo.getVideoRotation();
+                int layerStack = displayInfo.getLayerStack();
+
                 setDisplaySurface(display, surface, videoRotation, contentRect, unlockedVideoRect, layerStack);
+                virtualDisplayId = displayId;
+                positionMapper = PositionMapper.from(screenInfo);
                 Ln.d("Display: using SurfaceControl API");
             } catch (Exception surfaceControlException) {
                 Ln.e("Could not create display using DisplayManager", displayManagerException);
@@ -63,12 +170,27 @@ public class ScreenCapture extends SurfaceCapture implements Device.RotationList
                 throw new AssertionError("Could not create display");
             }
         }
+
+        if (vdListener != null) {
+            vdListener.onNewVirtualDisplay(virtualDisplayId, positionMapper);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
     public void release() {
-        device.setRotationListener(null);
-        device.setFoldListener(null);
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14) {
+            unregisterDisplayListenerFallbacks();
+        }
+
+        handlerThread.quitSafely();
+        handlerThread = null;
+
+        // displayListenerHandle may be null if registration failed
+        if (displayListenerHandle != null) {
+            ServiceManager.getDisplayManager().unregisterDisplayListener(displayListenerHandle);
+            displayListenerHandle = null;
+        }
+
         if (display != null) {
             SurfaceControl.destroyDisplay(display);
             display = null;
@@ -81,30 +203,20 @@ public class ScreenCapture extends SurfaceCapture implements Device.RotationList
 
     @Override
     public Size getSize() {
-        return device.getScreenInfo().getVideoSize();
+        return screenInfo.getVideoSize();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean setMaxSize(int maxSize) {
-        device.setMaxSize(maxSize);
+    public boolean setMaxSize(int newMaxSize) {
+        maxSize = newMaxSize;
         return true;
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public void onFoldChanged(int displayId, boolean folded) {
-        requestReset();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void onRotationChanged(int rotation) {
-        requestReset();
-    }
-
     private static IBinder createDisplay() throws Exception {
         // Since Android 12 (preview), secure displays could not be created with shell permissions anymore.
         // On Android 12 preview, SDK_INT is still R (not S), but CODENAME is "S".
-        boolean secure = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R || (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.R && !"S".equals(
-                Build.VERSION.CODENAME));
+        boolean secure = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11 || (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == AndroidVersions.API_30_ANDROID_11
+                && !"S".equals(Build.VERSION.CODENAME));
         return SurfaceControl.createDisplay("scrcpy", secure);
     }
 
@@ -118,4 +230,65 @@ public class ScreenCapture extends SurfaceCapture implements Device.RotationList
             SurfaceControl.closeTransaction();
         }
     }
+
+    private synchronized Size getSessionDisplaySize() {
+        return sessionDisplaySize;
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void setSessionDisplaySize(Size sessionDisplaySize) {
+        this.sessionDisplaySize = sessionDisplaySize;
+    }
+
+    private void registerDisplayListenerFallbacks() {
+        rotationWatcher = new IRotationWatcher.Stub() {
+            @Override
+            public void onRotationChanged(int rotation) {
+                if (Ln.isEnabled(Ln.Level.VERBOSE)) {
+                    Ln.v("ScreenCapture: onRotationChanged(" + rotation + ")");
+                }
+                requestReset();
+            }
+        };
+        ServiceManager.getWindowManager().registerRotationWatcher(rotationWatcher, displayId);
+
+        // Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10 (but implied by == API_34_ANDROID 14)
+        displayFoldListener = new IDisplayFoldListener.Stub() {
+
+            private boolean first = true;
+
+            @Override
+            public void onDisplayFoldChanged(int displayId, boolean folded) {
+                if (first) {
+                    // An event is posted on registration to signal the initial state. Ignore it to avoid restarting encoding.
+                    first = false;
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (Ln.isEnabled(Ln.Level.VERBOSE)) {
+                    Ln.v("ScreenCapture: onDisplayFoldChanged(" + displayId + ", " + folded + ")");
+                }
+
+                if (ScreenCapture.this.displayId != displayId) {
+                    // Ignore events related to other display ids
+                    return;
+                }
+                requestReset();
+            }
+        };
+        ServiceManager.getWindowManager().registerDisplayFoldListener(displayFoldListener);
+    }
+
+    private void unregisterDisplayListenerFallbacks() {
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (rotationWatcher != null) {
+                ServiceManager.getWindowManager().unregisterRotationWatcher(rotationWatcher);
+                rotationWatcher = null;
+            }
+            if (displayFoldListener != null) {
+                // Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10 (but implied by == API_34_ANDROID 14)
+                ServiceManager.getWindowManager().unregisterDisplayFoldListener(displayFoldListener);
+                displayFoldListener = null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/ScreenInfo.java

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
 
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.BuildConfig;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Device;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
 import android.graphics.Rect;
 
@@ -63,30 +63,8 @@ public final class ScreenInfo {
         return unlockedVideoSize.rotate();
     }
 
-    public int getDeviceRotation() {
-        return deviceRotation;
-    }
-
-    public ScreenInfo withDeviceRotation(int newDeviceRotation) {
-        if (newDeviceRotation == deviceRotation) {
-            return this;
-        }
-        // true if changed between portrait and landscape
-        boolean orientationChanged = (deviceRotation + newDeviceRotation) % 2 != 0;
-        Rect newContentRect;
-        Size newUnlockedVideoSize;
-        if (orientationChanged) {
-            newContentRect = flipRect(contentRect);
-            newUnlockedVideoSize = unlockedVideoSize.rotate();
-        } else {
-            newContentRect = contentRect;
-            newUnlockedVideoSize = unlockedVideoSize;
-        }
-        return new ScreenInfo(newContentRect, newUnlockedVideoSize, newDeviceRotation, lockedVideoOrientation);
-    }
-
     public static ScreenInfo computeScreenInfo(int rotation, Size deviceSize, Rect crop, int maxSize, int lockedVideoOrientation) {
-        if (lockedVideoOrientation == Device.LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL) {
+        if (lockedVideoOrientation == Device.LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL || lockedVideoOrientation == Device.LOCK_VIDEO_ORIENTATION_INITIAL_AUTO) {
             // The user requested to lock the video orientation to the current orientation
             lockedVideoOrientation = rotation;
         }
@@ -112,7 +90,7 @@ public final class ScreenInfo {
         return rect.width() + ":" + rect.height() + ":" + rect.left + ":" + rect.top;
     }
 
-    private static Size computeVideoSize(int w, int h, int maxSize) {
+    public static Size computeVideoSize(int w, int h, int maxSize) {
         // Compute the video size and the padding of the content inside this video.
         // Principle:
         // - scale down the great side of the screen to maxSize (if necessary);

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/SurfaceCapture.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.ConfigurationException;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
 
 import android.view.Surface;
@@ -32,15 +33,22 @@ public abstract class SurfaceCapture {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Called once before the capture starts.
+     * Called once before the first capture starts.
      */
-    public abstract void init() throws IOException;
+    public abstract void init() throws ConfigurationException, IOException;
 
     /**
-     * Called after the capture ends (if and only if {@link #init()} has been called).
+     * Called after the last capture ends (if and only if {@link #init()} has been called).
      */
     public abstract void release();
 
+    /**
+     * Called once before each capture starts, before {@link #getSize()}.
+     */
+    public void prepare() throws ConfigurationException {
+        // empty by default
+    }
+
     /**
      * Start the capture to the target surface.
      *

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/SurfaceEncoder.java

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AsyncProcessor;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.ConfigurationException;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Streamer;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Codec;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.CodecOption;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.CodecUtils;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.ConfigurationException;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.IO;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.LogUtils;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Streamer;
 
 import android.media.MediaCodec;
 import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;
@@ -67,12 +68,18 @@ public class SurfaceEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
         capture.init();
 
         try {
-            streamer.writeVideoHeader(capture.getSize());
-
             boolean alive;
+            boolean headerWritten = false;
 
             do {
+                capture.consumeReset(); // If a capture reset was requested, it is implicitly fulfilled
+                capture.prepare();
                 Size size = capture.getSize();
+                if (!headerWritten) {
+                    streamer.writeVideoHeader(size);
+                    headerWritten = true;
+                }
+
                 format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_WIDTH, size.getWidth());
                 format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_HEIGHT, size.getHeight());
 
@@ -81,6 +88,9 @@ public class SurfaceEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
                     mediaCodec.configure(format, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE);
                     surface = mediaCodec.createInputSurface();
 
+                    VideoFilter filter = new VideoFilter(surface);
+                    surface = filter.getInputSurface();
+
                     capture.start(surface);
 
                     mediaCodec.start();
@@ -88,6 +98,7 @@ public class SurfaceEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
                     alive = encode(mediaCodec, streamer);
                     // do not call stop() on exception, it would trigger an IllegalStateException
                     mediaCodec.stop();
+                    filter.release();
                 } catch (IllegalStateException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
                     Ln.e("Encoding error: " + e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
                     if (!prepareRetry(size)) {
@@ -205,7 +216,13 @@ public class SurfaceEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
         if (encoderName != null) {
             Ln.d("Creating encoder by name: '" + encoderName + "'");
             try {
-                return MediaCodec.createByCodecName(encoderName);
+                MediaCodec mediaCodec = MediaCodec.createByCodecName(encoderName);
+                String mimeType = Codec.getMimeType(mediaCodec);
+                if (!codec.getMimeType().equals(mimeType)) {
+                    Ln.e("Video encoder type for \"" + encoderName + "\" (" + mimeType + ") does not match codec type (" + codec.getMimeType() + ")");
+                    throw new ConfigurationException("Incorrect encoder type: " + encoderName);
+                }
+                return mediaCodec;
             } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                 Ln.e("Video encoder '" + encoderName + "' for " + codec.getName() + " not found\n" + LogUtils.buildVideoEncoderListMessage());
                 throw new ConfigurationException("Unknown encoder: " + encoderName);
@@ -232,7 +249,7 @@ public class SurfaceEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
         // must be present to configure the encoder, but does not impact the actual frame rate, which is variable
         format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, 60);
         format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_COLOR_FORMAT, MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities.COLOR_FormatSurface);
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_24_ANDROID_7_0) {
             format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_COLOR_RANGE, MediaFormat.COLOR_RANGE_LIMITED);
         }
         format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, DEFAULT_I_FRAME_INTERVAL);

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/VideoFilter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
+
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
+
+import android.graphics.SurfaceTexture;
+import android.opengl.EGL14;
+import android.opengl.EGLConfig;
+import android.opengl.EGLContext;
+import android.opengl.EGLDisplay;
+import android.opengl.EGLSurface;
+import android.opengl.GLES11Ext;
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+import android.view.Surface;
+
+public class VideoFilter {
+    private EGLDisplay eglDisplay;
+    private EGLContext eglContext;
+    private EGLSurface eglSurface;
+    private SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture;
+    private Surface inputSurface;
+    private int textureId;
+
+    public VideoFilter(Surface outputSurface) {
+        eglDisplay = EGL14.eglGetDisplay(EGL14.EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
+        if (eglDisplay == EGL14.EGL_NO_DISPLAY) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to get EGL14 display");
+        }
+
+        int[] version = new int[2];
+        if (!EGL14.eglInitialize(eglDisplay, version, 0, version, 1)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to initialize EGL14");
+        }
+
+        int[] attribList = {
+                EGL14.EGL_RED_SIZE, 8,
+                EGL14.EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 8,
+                EGL14.EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 8,
+                EGL14.EGL_ALPHA_SIZE, 8,
+                EGL14.EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE, EGL14.EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT,
+                EGL14.EGL_NONE
+        };
+        EGLConfig[] configs = new EGLConfig[1];
+        int[] numConfigs = new int[1];
+        EGL14.eglChooseConfig(eglDisplay, attribList, 0, configs, 0, configs.length, numConfigs, 0);
+        if (numConfigs[0] <= 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to find ES2 EGL config");
+        }
+        EGLConfig eglConfig = configs[0];
+
+        int[] contextAttribList = {
+                EGL14.EGL_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION, 2,
+                EGL14.EGL_NONE
+        };
+        eglContext = EGL14.eglCreateContext(eglDisplay, eglConfig, EGL14.EGL_NO_CONTEXT, contextAttribList, 0);
+        if (eglContext == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create EGL context");
+        }
+
+        int[] surfaceAttribList = {
+                EGL14.EGL_NONE
+        };
+        eglSurface = EGL14.eglCreateWindowSurface(eglDisplay, eglConfig, outputSurface, surfaceAttribList, 0);
+        if (eglSurface == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create EGL window surface");
+        }
+
+        if (!EGL14.eglMakeCurrent(eglDisplay, eglSurface, eglSurface, eglContext)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to make EGL context current");
+        }
+
+        int[] textures = new int[1];
+        GLES20.glGenTextures(1, textures, 0);
+        textureId = textures[0];
+
+        surfaceTexture = new SurfaceTexture(textureId);
+        inputSurface = new Surface(surfaceTexture);
+
+        surfaceTexture.setOnFrameAvailableListener(new SurfaceTexture.OnFrameAvailableListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onFrameAvailable(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture) {
+                // XXX This should be called when the VirtualDisplay has rendered a new frame
+                Ln.i("==== render");
+                render();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Surface getInputSurface() {
+        return inputSurface;
+    }
+
+    public void render() {
+        GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES11Ext.GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, textureId);
+
+        // For now, just paint with a color
+        GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
+        GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
+
+        GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, 1920, 1080);
+
+        EGL14.eglSwapBuffers(eglDisplay, eglSurface);
+    }
+
+    public void release() {
+        if (eglDisplay != EGL14.EGL_NO_DISPLAY) {
+            EGL14.eglDestroySurface(eglDisplay, eglSurface);
+            EGL14.eglDestroyContext(eglDisplay, eglContext);
+            EGL14.eglTerminate(eglDisplay);
+        }
+        eglDisplay = EGL14.EGL_NO_DISPLAY;
+        eglContext = EGL14.EGL_NO_CONTEXT;
+        eglSurface = EGL14.EGL_NO_SURFACE;
+        surfaceTexture.release();
+        inputSurface.release();
+    }
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/video/VirtualDisplayListener.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy.video;
+
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.control.PositionMapper;
+
+public interface VirtualDisplayListener {
+    void onNewVirtualDisplay(int displayId, PositionMapper positionMapper);
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/ActivityManager.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.FakeContext;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
@@ -7,7 +8,6 @@ import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
 import android.annotation.TargetApi;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.os.Binder;
-import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.IInterface;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public final class ActivityManager {
         return removeContentProviderExternalMethod;
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10)
     private ContentProvider getContentProviderExternal(String name, IBinder token) {
         try {
             Method method = getGetContentProviderExternalMethod();
@@ -118,8 +118,12 @@ public final class ActivityManager {
         return startActivityAsUserMethod;
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("ConstantConditions")
     public int startActivity(Intent intent) {
+        return startActivity(intent, null);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ConstantConditions")
+    public int startActivity(Intent intent, Bundle options) {
         try {
             Method method = getStartActivityAsUserMethod();
             return (int) method.invoke(
@@ -133,7 +137,7 @@ public final class ActivityManager {
                     /* requestCode */ 0,
                     /* startFlags */ 0,
                     /* profilerInfo */ null,
-                    /* bOptions */ null,
+                    /* bOptions */ options,
                     /* userId */ /* UserHandle.USER_CURRENT */ -2);
         } catch (Throwable e) {
             Ln.e("Could not invoke method", e);

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/ClipboardManager.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.FakeContext;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ public final class ClipboardManager {
 
     private Method getGetPrimaryClipMethod() throws NoSuchMethodException {
         if (getPrimaryClipMethod == null) {
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
                 getPrimaryClipMethod = manager.getClass().getMethod("getPrimaryClip", String.class);
                 return getPrimaryClipMethod;
             }
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ public final class ClipboardManager {
 
     private Method getSetPrimaryClipMethod() throws NoSuchMethodException {
         if (setPrimaryClipMethod == null) {
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
                 setPrimaryClipMethod = manager.getClass().getMethod("setPrimaryClip", ClipData.class, String.class);
                 return setPrimaryClipMethod;
             }
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ public final class ClipboardManager {
     }
 
     private static ClipData getPrimaryClip(Method method, int methodVersion, IInterface manager) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
             return (ClipData) method.invoke(manager, FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME);
         }
 
@@ -161,7 +162,7 @@ public final class ClipboardManager {
     }
 
     private static void setPrimaryClip(Method method, int methodVersion, IInterface manager, ClipData clipData) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
             method.invoke(manager, clipData, FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME);
             return;
         }
@@ -210,7 +211,7 @@ public final class ClipboardManager {
 
     private static void addPrimaryClipChangedListener(Method method, int methodVersion, IInterface manager, IOnPrimaryClipChangedListener listener)
             throws ReflectiveOperationException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
             method.invoke(manager, listener, FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME);
             return;
         }
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ public final class ClipboardManager {
 
     private Method getAddPrimaryClipChangedListener() throws NoSuchMethodException {
         if (addPrimaryClipChangedListener == null) {
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
                 addPrimaryClipChangedListener = manager.getClass()
                         .getMethod("addPrimaryClipChangedListener", IOnPrimaryClipChangedListener.class, String.class);
             } else {

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/ContentProvider.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.FakeContext;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.SettingsException;
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ public final class ContentProvider implements Closeable {
     @SuppressLint("PrivateApi")
     private Method getCallMethod() throws NoSuchMethodException {
         if (callMethod == null) {
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12) {
                 callMethod = provider.getClass().getMethod("call", AttributionSource.class, String.class, String.class, String.class, Bundle.class);
                 callMethodVersion = 0;
             } else {
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ public final class ContentProvider implements Closeable {
             Method method = getCallMethod();
             Object[] args;
 
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S && callMethodVersion == 0) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= AndroidVersions.API_31_ANDROID_12 && callMethodVersion == 0) {
                 args = new Object[]{FakeContext.get().getAttributionSource(), "settings", callMethod, arg, extras};
             } else {
                 switch (callMethodVersion) {

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/DisplayControl.java

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
 import android.annotation.TargetApi;
-import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 
 @SuppressLint({"PrivateApi", "SoonBlockedPrivateApi", "BlockedPrivateApi"})
-@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+@TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_34_ANDROID_14)
 public final class DisplayControl {
 
     private static final Class<?> CLASS;

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/DisplayManager.java

@@ -1,24 +1,53 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Command;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.FakeContext;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.DisplayInfo;
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Size;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Command;
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.content.Context;
 import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay;
+import android.os.Handler;
 import android.view.Display;
 import android.view.Surface;
 
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 @SuppressLint("PrivateApi,DiscouragedPrivateApi")
 public final class DisplayManager {
+
+    // android.hardware.display.DisplayManager.EVENT_FLAG_DISPLAY_CHANGED
+    public static final long EVENT_FLAG_DISPLAY_CHANGED = 1L << 2;
+
+    public interface DisplayListener {
+        /**
+         * Called whenever the properties of a logical {@link android.view.Display},
+         * such as size and density, have changed.
+         *
+         * @param displayId The id of the logical display that changed.
+         */
+        void onDisplayChanged(int displayId);
+    }
+
+    public static final class DisplayListenerHandle {
+        private final Object displayListenerProxy;
+        private DisplayListenerHandle(Object displayListenerProxy) {
+            this.displayListenerProxy = displayListenerProxy;
+        }
+    }
+
     private final Object manager; // instance of hidden class android.hardware.display.DisplayManagerGlobal
     private Method createVirtualDisplayMethod;
+    private Method requestDisplayPowerMethod;
 
     static DisplayManager create() {
         try {
@@ -39,7 +68,7 @@ public final class DisplayManager {
     public static DisplayInfo parseDisplayInfo(String dumpsysDisplayOutput, int displayId) {
         Pattern regex = Pattern.compile(
                 "^    mOverrideDisplayInfo=DisplayInfo\\{\".*?, displayId " + displayId + ".*?(, FLAG_.*)?, real ([0-9]+) x ([0-9]+).*?, "
-                        + "rotation ([0-9]+).*?, layerStack ([0-9]+)",
+                        + "rotation ([0-9]+).*?, density ([0-9]+).*?, layerStack ([0-9]+)",
                 Pattern.MULTILINE);
         Matcher m = regex.matcher(dumpsysDisplayOutput);
         if (!m.find()) {
@@ -49,9 +78,10 @@ public final class DisplayManager {
         int width = Integer.parseInt(m.group(2));
         int height = Integer.parseInt(m.group(3));
         int rotation = Integer.parseInt(m.group(4));
-        int layerStack = Integer.parseInt(m.group(5));
+        int density = Integer.parseInt(m.group(5));
+        int layerStack = Integer.parseInt(m.group(6));
 
-        return new DisplayInfo(displayId, new Size(width, height), rotation, layerStack, flags);
+        return new DisplayInfo(displayId, new Size(width, height), rotation, layerStack, flags, density);
     }
 
     private static DisplayInfo getDisplayInfoFromDumpsysDisplay(int displayId) {
@@ -98,7 +128,8 @@ public final class DisplayManager {
             int rotation = cls.getDeclaredField("rotation").getInt(displayInfo);
             int layerStack = cls.getDeclaredField("layerStack").getInt(displayInfo);
             int flags = cls.getDeclaredField("flags").getInt(displayInfo);
-            return new DisplayInfo(displayId, new Size(width, height), rotation, layerStack, flags);
+            int dpi = cls.getDeclaredField("logicalDensityDpi").getInt(displayInfo);
+            return new DisplayInfo(displayId, new Size(width, height), rotation, layerStack, flags, dpi);
         } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
             throw new AssertionError(e);
         }
@@ -124,4 +155,76 @@ public final class DisplayManager {
         Method method = getCreateVirtualDisplayMethod();
         return (VirtualDisplay) method.invoke(null, name, width, height, displayIdToMirror, surface);
     }
+
+    public VirtualDisplay createNewVirtualDisplay(String name, int width, int height, int dpi, Surface surface, int flags) throws Exception {
+        Constructor<android.hardware.display.DisplayManager> ctor = android.hardware.display.DisplayManager.class.getDeclaredConstructor(
+                Context.class);
+        ctor.setAccessible(true);
+        android.hardware.display.DisplayManager dm = ctor.newInstance(FakeContext.get());
+        return dm.createVirtualDisplay(name, width, height, dpi, surface, flags);
+    }
+
+    private Method getRequestDisplayPowerMethod() throws NoSuchMethodException {
+        if (requestDisplayPowerMethod == null) {
+            requestDisplayPowerMethod = manager.getClass().getMethod("requestDisplayPower", int.class, boolean.class);
+        }
+        return requestDisplayPowerMethod;
+    }
+
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_35_ANDROID_15)
+    public boolean requestDisplayPower(int displayId, boolean on) {
+        try {
+            Method method = getRequestDisplayPowerMethod();
+            return (boolean) method.invoke(manager, displayId, on);
+        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not invoke method", e);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public DisplayListenerHandle registerDisplayListener(DisplayListener listener, Handler handler) {
+        try {
+            Class<?> displayListenerClass = Class.forName("android.hardware.display.DisplayManager$DisplayListener");
+            Object displayListenerProxy = Proxy.newProxyInstance(
+                    ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(),
+                    new Class[] {displayListenerClass},
+                    (proxy, method, args) -> {
+                        if ("onDisplayChanged".equals(method.getName())) {
+                            listener.onDisplayChanged((int) args[0]);
+                        }
+                        return null;
+                    });
+            try {
+                manager.getClass()
+                        .getMethod("registerDisplayListener", displayListenerClass, Handler.class, long.class, String.class)
+                        .invoke(manager, displayListenerProxy, handler, EVENT_FLAG_DISPLAY_CHANGED, FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME);
+            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+                try {
+                    manager.getClass()
+                            .getMethod("registerDisplayListener", displayListenerClass, Handler.class, long.class)
+                            .invoke(manager, displayListenerProxy, handler, EVENT_FLAG_DISPLAY_CHANGED);
+                } catch (NoSuchMethodException e2) {
+                    manager.getClass()
+                            .getMethod("registerDisplayListener", displayListenerClass, Handler.class)
+                            .invoke(manager, displayListenerProxy, handler);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return new DisplayListenerHandle(displayListenerProxy);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Rotation and screen size won't be updated, not a fatal error
+            Ln.e("Could not register display listener", e);
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public void unregisterDisplayListener(DisplayListenerHandle listener) {
+        try {
+            Class<?> displayListenerClass = Class.forName("android.hardware.display.DisplayManager$DisplayListener");
+            manager.getClass().getMethod("unregisterDisplayListener", displayListenerClass).invoke(manager, listener.displayListenerProxy);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not unregister display listener", e);
+        }
+    }
 }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/PowerManager.java

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
-import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
-import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.IInterface;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@@ -23,9 +21,7 @@ public final class PowerManager {
 
     private Method getIsScreenOnMethod() throws NoSuchMethodException {
         if (isScreenOnMethod == null) {
-            @SuppressLint("ObsoleteSdkInt") // we may lower minSdkVersion in the future
-            String methodName = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT_WATCH ? "isInteractive" : "isScreenOn";
-            isScreenOnMethod = manager.getClass().getMethod(methodName);
+            isScreenOnMethod = manager.getClass().getMethod("isInteractive");
         }
         return isScreenOnMethod;
     }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/SurfaceControl.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
@@ -83,9 +84,9 @@ public final class SurfaceControl {
 
     private static Method getGetBuiltInDisplayMethod() throws NoSuchMethodException {
         if (getBuiltInDisplayMethod == null) {
-            // the method signature has changed in Android Q
+            // the method signature has changed in Android 10
             // <https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/586>
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
                 getBuiltInDisplayMethod = CLASS.getMethod("getBuiltInDisplay", int.class);
             } else {
                 getBuiltInDisplayMethod = CLASS.getMethod("getInternalDisplayToken");
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ public final class SurfaceControl {
     public static IBinder getBuiltInDisplay() {
         try {
             Method method = getGetBuiltInDisplayMethod();
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10) {
                 // call getBuiltInDisplay(0)
                 return (IBinder) method.invoke(null, 0);
             }

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/wrappers/WindowManager.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers;
 
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.AndroidVersions;
 import com.genymobile.scrcpy.util.Ln;
 
 import android.annotation.TargetApi;
@@ -200,13 +201,29 @@ public final class WindowManager {
         }
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(29)
+    public void unregisterRotationWatcher(IRotationWatcher rotationWatcher) {
+        try {
+            manager.getClass().getMethod("removeRotationWatcher", IRotationWatcher.class).invoke(manager, rotationWatcher);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not unregister rotation watcher", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10)
     public void registerDisplayFoldListener(IDisplayFoldListener foldListener) {
         try {
-            Class<?> cls = manager.getClass();
-            cls.getMethod("registerDisplayFoldListener", IDisplayFoldListener.class).invoke(manager, foldListener);
+            manager.getClass().getMethod("registerDisplayFoldListener", IDisplayFoldListener.class).invoke(manager, foldListener);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             Ln.e("Could not register display fold listener", e);
         }
     }
+
+    @TargetApi(AndroidVersions.API_29_ANDROID_10)
+    public void unregisterDisplayFoldListener(IDisplayFoldListener foldListener) {
+        try {
+            manager.getClass().getMethod("unregisterDisplayFoldListener", IDisplayFoldListener.class).invoke(manager, foldListener);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not unregister display fold listener", e);
+        }
+    }
 }

server/src/test/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/control/ControlMessageReaderTest.java

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy.control;
 
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.device.Device;
-
 import android.view.KeyEvent;
 import android.view.MotionEvent;
 import org.junit.Assert;
@@ -285,19 +283,19 @@ public class ControlMessageReaderTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testParseSetScreenPowerMode() throws IOException {
+    public void testParseSetDisplayPower() throws IOException {
         ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
-        dos.writeByte(ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE);
-        dos.writeByte(Device.POWER_MODE_NORMAL);
+        dos.writeByte(ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER);
+        dos.writeBoolean(true);
         byte[] packet = bos.toByteArray();
 
         ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(packet);
         ControlMessageReader reader = new ControlMessageReader(bis);
 
         ControlMessage event = reader.read();
-        Assert.assertEquals(ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_SCREEN_POWER_MODE, event.getType());
-        Assert.assertEquals(Device.POWER_MODE_NORMAL, event.getAction());
+        Assert.assertEquals(ControlMessage.TYPE_SET_DISPLAY_POWER, event.getType());
+        Assert.assertTrue(event.getOn());
 
         Assert.assertEquals(-1, bis.read()); // EOS
     }
@@ -399,6 +397,27 @@ public class ControlMessageReaderTest {
         Assert.assertEquals(-1, bis.read()); // EOS
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testParseStartApp() throws IOException {
+        byte[] name = "firefox".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
+        dos.writeByte(ControlMessage.TYPE_START_APP);
+        dos.writeByte(name.length);
+        dos.write(name);
+        byte[] packet = bos.toByteArray();
+
+        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(packet);
+        ControlMessageReader reader = new ControlMessageReader(bis);
+
+        ControlMessage event = reader.read();
+        Assert.assertEquals(ControlMessage.TYPE_START_APP, event.getType());
+        Assert.assertEquals("firefox", event.getText());
+
+        Assert.assertEquals(-1, bis.read()); // EOS
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testMultiEvents() throws IOException {
         ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();