Replace try-with-resources

LocalServerSocket was not AutoCloseable in older Android SDKs.

FAQ.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Here are the common reported problems and their status.
 If you encounter any error, the first step is to upgrade to the latest version.
 
 
-## `adb` issues
+## `adb` and USB issues
 
 `scrcpy` execute `adb` commands to initialize the connection with the device. If
 `adb` fails, then scrcpy will not work.
@@ -133,6 +133,21 @@ Try with another USB cable or plug it into another USB port. See [#281] and
 [#283]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/283
 
 
+## HID/OTG issues on Windows
+
+On Windows, if `scrcpy --otg` (or `--hid-keyboard`/`--hid-mouse`) results in:
+
+>     ERROR: Could not find any USB device
+
+(or if only unrelated USB devices are detected), there might be drivers issues.
+
+Please read [#3654], in particular [this comment][#3654-comment1] and [the next
+one][#3654-comment2].
+
+[#3654]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/3654
+[#3654-comment1]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/3654#issuecomment-1369278232
+[#3654-comment2]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/3654#issuecomment-1369295011
+
 
 ## Control issues
 
@@ -153,8 +168,7 @@ The default text injection method is [limited to ASCII characters][text-input].
 A trick allows to also inject some [accented characters][accented-characters],
 but that's all. See [#37].
 
-Since scrcpy v1.20 on Linux, it is possible to simulate a [physical
-keyboard][hid] (HID).
+Since scrcpy v1.20, it is possible to simulate a [physical keyboard][hid] (HID).
 
 [text-input]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3Aunicode
 [accented-characters]: https://blog.rom1v.com/2018/03/introducing-scrcpy/#handle-accented-characters
@@ -164,32 +178,6 @@ keyboard][hid] (HID).
 
 ## Client issues
 
-### The quality is low
-
-If the definition of your client window is smaller than that of your device
-screen, then you might get poor quality, especially visible on text (see [#40]).
-
-[#40]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/40
-
-This problem should be fixed in scrcpy v1.22: **update to the latest version**.
-
-On older versions, you must configure the [scaling behavior]:
-
-> `scrcpy.exe` > Properties > Compatibility > Change high DPI settings >
-> Override high DPI scaling behavior > Scaling performed by: _Application_.
-
-[scaling behavior]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/40#issuecomment-424466723
-
-Also, to improve downscaling quality, trilinear filtering is enabled
-automatically if the renderer is OpenGL and if it supports mipmapping.
-
-On Windows, you might want to force OpenGL to enable mipmapping:
-
-```
-scrcpy --render-driver=opengl
-```
-
-
 ### Issue with Wayland
 
 By default, SDL uses x11 on Linux. The [video driver] can be changed via the
@@ -224,102 +212,15 @@ As a workaround, [disable "Block compositing"][kwin].
 
 ### Exception
 
-There may be many reasons. One common cause is that the hardware encoder of your
-device is not able to encode at the given definition:
-
-> ```
-> ERROR: Exception on thread Thread[main,5,main]
-> android.media.MediaCodec$CodecException: Error 0xfffffc0e
-> ...
-> Exit due to uncaughtException in main thread:
-> ERROR: Could not open video stream
-> INFO: Initial texture: 1080x2336
-> ```
-
-or
-
-> ```
-> ERROR: Exception on thread Thread[main,5,main]
-> java.lang.IllegalStateException
->         at android.media.MediaCodec.native_dequeueOutputBuffer(Native Method)
-> ```
-
-Just try with a lower definition:
+If you get any exception related to `MediaCodec`:
 
 ```
-scrcpy -m 1920
-scrcpy -m 1024
-scrcpy -m 800
+ERROR: Exception on thread Thread[main,5,main]
+java.lang.IllegalStateException
+        at android.media.MediaCodec.native_dequeueOutputBuffer(Native Method)
 ```
 
-Since scrcpy v1.22, scrcpy automatically tries again with a lower definition
-before failing. This behavior can be disabled with `--no-downsize-on-error`.
-
-You could also try another [encoder](README.md#encoder).
-
-
-If you encounter this exception on Android 12, then just upgrade to scrcpy >=
-1.18 (see [#2129]):
-
-```
-> ERROR: Exception on thread Thread[main,5,main]
-java.lang.AssertionError: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
-    at com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.SurfaceControl.setDisplaySurface(SurfaceControl.java:75)
-    ...
-Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
-    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
-    at com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.SurfaceControl.setDisplaySurface(SurfaceControl.java:73)
-    ... 7 more
-Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: displayToken must not be null
-    at android.view.SurfaceControl$Transaction.setDisplaySurface(SurfaceControl.java:3067)
-    at android.view.SurfaceControl.setDisplaySurface(SurfaceControl.java:2147)
-    ... 9 more
-```
-
-[#2129]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/2129
-
-
-## Command line on Windows
-
-Since v1.22, a "shortcut" has been added to directly open a terminal in the
-scrcpy directory. Double-click on `open_a_terminal_here.bat`, then type your
-command. For example:
-
-```
-scrcpy --record file.mkv
-```
-
-You could also open a terminal and go to the scrcpy folder manually:
-
- 1. Press <kbd>Windows</kbd>+<kbd>r</kbd>, this opens a dialog box.
- 2. Type `cmd` and press <kbd>Enter</kbd>, this opens a terminal.
- 3. Go to your _scrcpy_ directory, by typing (adapt the path):
-
-    ```bat
-    cd C:\Users\user\Downloads\scrcpy-win64-xxx
-    ```
-
-    and press <kbd>Enter</kbd>
- 4. Type your command. For example:
-
-    ```bat
-    scrcpy --record file.mkv
-    ```
-
-If you plan to always use the same arguments, create a file `myscrcpy.bat`
-(enable [show file extensions] to avoid confusion) in the `scrcpy` directory,
-containing your command. For example:
-
-```bat
-scrcpy --prefer-text --turn-screen-off --stay-awake
-```
-
-Then just double-click on that file.
-
-You could also edit (a copy of) `scrcpy-console.bat` or `scrcpy-noconsole.vbs`
-to add some arguments.
-
-[show file extensions]: https://www.howtogeek.com/205086/beginner-how-to-make-windows-show-file-extensions/
+then try with another [encoder](doc/video.md#codec).
 
 
 ## Translations

LICENSE

@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
       identification within third-party archives.
 
    Copyright (C) 2018 Genymobile
-   Copyright (C) 2018-2022 Romain Vimont
+   Copyright (C) 2018-2023 Romain Vimont
 
    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

app/data/bash-completion/scrcpy

@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@ _scrcpy() {
     local opts="
         --always-on-top
         --audio-bit-rate=
+        --audio-buffer=
         --audio-codec=
         --audio-codec-options=
         --audio-encoder=
+        --audio-output-buffer=
         -b --video-bit-rate=
         --crop=
         -d --select-usb
@@ -45,6 +47,7 @@ _scrcpy() {
         -r --record=
         --record-format=
         --render-driver=
+        --require-audio
         --rotation=
         -s --serial=
         --shortcut-mod=
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ _scrcpy() {
             return
             ;;
         --audio-codec)
-            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'opus aac' -- "$cur"))
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'opus aac raw' -- "$cur"))
             return
             ;;
         --lock-video-orientation)
@@ -114,20 +117,26 @@ _scrcpy() {
             COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$("${ADB:-adb}" devices | awk '$2 == "device" {print $1}')" -- ${cur}))
             return
             ;;
-        -b|--video-bit-rate \
-        |--codec-options \
+        --audio-bit-rate \
+        |--audio-buffer \
+        |-b|--video-bit-rate \
+        |--audio-codec-options \
+        |--audio-encoder \
+        |--audio-output-buffer \
         |--crop \
         |--display \
         |--display-buffer \
-        |--encoder \
         |--max-fps \
         |-m|--max-size \
         |-p|--port \
         |--push-target \
+        |--rotation \
         |--tunnel-host \
         |--tunnel-port \
         |--v4l2-buffer \
         |--v4l2-sink \
+        |--video-codec-options \
+        |--video-encoder \
         |--tcpip \
         |--window-*)
             # Option accepting an argument, but nothing to auto-complete

app/data/scrcpy-console.desktop

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Comment=Display and control your Android device
 # For some users, the PATH or ADB environment variables are set from the shell
 # startup file, like .bashrc or .zshrc… Run an interactive shell to get
 # environment correctly initialized.
-Exec=/bin/bash --norc --noprofile -i -c '"$SHELL" -i -c scrcpy || read -p "Press any key to quit..."'
+Exec=/bin/bash --norc --noprofile -i -c "\"\\$SHELL\" -i -c scrcpy || read -p 'Press Enter to quit...'"
 Icon=scrcpy
 Terminal=true
 Type=Application

app/data/scrcpy.desktop

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Comment=Display and control your Android device
 # For some users, the PATH or ADB environment variables are set from the shell
 # startup file, like .bashrc or .zshrc… Run an interactive shell to get
 # environment correctly initialized.
-Exec=/bin/sh -c '"$SHELL" -i -c scrcpy'
+Exec=/bin/sh -c "\"\\$SHELL\" -i -c scrcpy"
 Icon=scrcpy
 Terminal=false
 Type=Application

app/data/zsh-completion/_scrcpy

@@ -10,9 +10,11 @@ local arguments
 arguments=(
     '--always-on-top[Make scrcpy window always on top \(above other windows\)]'
     '--audio-bit-rate=[Encode the audio at the given bit-rate]'
-    '--audio-codec=[Select the audio codec]:codec:(opus aac)'
+    '--audio-buffer=[Configure the audio buffering delay (in milliseconds)]'
+    '--audio-codec=[Select the audio codec]:codec:(opus aac raw)'
     '--audio-codec-options=[Set a list of comma-separated key\:type=value options for the device audio encoder]'
     '--audio-encoder=[Use a specific MediaCodec audio encoder]'
+    '--audio-output-buffer=[Configure the size of the SDL audio output buffer (in milliseconds)]'
     {-b,--video-bit-rate=}'[Encode the video at the given bit-rate]'
     '--crop=[\[width\:height\:x\:y\] Crop the device screen on the server]'
     {-d,--select-usb}'[Use USB device]'
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@ arguments=(
     {-r,--record=}'[Record screen to file]:record file:_files'
     '--record-format=[Force recording format]:format:(mp4 mkv)'
     '--render-driver=[Request SDL to use the given render driver]:driver name:(direct3d opengl opengles2 opengles metal software)'
+    '--require-audio=[Make scrcpy fail if audio is enabled but does not work]'
     '--rotation=[Set the initial display rotation]:rotation values:(0 1 2 3)'
     {-s,--serial=}'[The device serial number \(mandatory for multiple devices only\)]:serial:($("${ADB-adb}" devices | awk '\''$2 == "device" {print $1}'\''))'
     '--shortcut-mod=[\[key1,key2+key3,...\] Specify the modifiers to use for scrcpy shortcuts]:shortcut mod:(lctrl rctrl lalt ralt lsuper rsuper)'

app/meson.build

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ src = [
     'src/control_msg.c',
     'src/controller.c',
     'src/decoder.c',
+    'src/delay_buffer.c',
     'src/demuxer.c',
     'src/device_msg.c',
     'src/icon.c',
@@ -29,7 +30,8 @@ src = [
     'src/screen.c',
     'src/server.c',
     'src/version.c',
-    'src/video_buffer.c',
+    'src/trait/frame_source.c',
+    'src/trait/packet_source.c',
     'src/util/acksync.c',
     'src/util/average.c',
     'src/util/bytebuf.c',
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ src = [
     'src/util/intmap.c',
     'src/util/intr.c',
     'src/util/log.c',
+    'src/util/memory.c',
     'src/util/net.c',
     'src/util/net_intr.c',
     'src/util/process.c',
@@ -173,6 +176,7 @@ check_functions = [
     'vasprintf',
     'nrand48',
     'jrand48',
+    'reallocarray',
 ]
 
 foreach f : check_functions
@@ -263,9 +267,6 @@ if get_option('buildtype') == 'debug'
             'tests/test_bytebuf.c',
             'src/util/bytebuf.c',
         ]],
-        ['test_cbuf', [
-            'tests/test_cbuf.c',
-        ]],
         ['test_cli', [
             'tests/test_cli.c',
             'src/cli.c',
@@ -276,10 +277,6 @@ if get_option('buildtype') == 'debug'
             'src/util/strbuf.c',
             'src/util/term.c',
         ]],
-        ['test_clock', [
-            'tests/test_clock.c',
-            'src/clock.c',
-        ]],
         ['test_control_msg_serialize', [
             'tests/test_control_msg_serialize.c',
             'src/control_msg.c',
@@ -290,9 +287,6 @@ if get_option('buildtype') == 'debug'
             'tests/test_device_msg_deserialize.c',
             'src/device_msg.c',
         ]],
-        ['test_queue', [
-            'tests/test_queue.c',
-        ]],
         ['test_strbuf', [
             'tests/test_strbuf.c',
             'src/util/strbuf.c',
@@ -302,13 +296,18 @@ if get_option('buildtype') == 'debug'
             'src/util/str.c',
             'src/util/strbuf.c',
         ]],
+        ['test_vecdeque', [
+            'tests/test_vecdeque.c',
+            'src/util/memory.c',
+        ]],
         ['test_vector', [
             'tests/test_vector.c',
         ]],
     ]
 
     foreach t : tests
-        exe = executable(t[0], t[1],
+        sources = t[1] + ['src/compat.c']
+        exe = executable(t[0], sources,
                          include_directories: src_dir,
                          dependencies: dependencies,
                          c_args: ['-DSDL_MAIN_HANDLED', '-DSC_TEST'])

app/prebuilt-deps/prepare-adb.sh

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ cd "$DIR"
 mkdir -p "$PREBUILT_DATA_DIR"
 cd "$PREBUILT_DATA_DIR"
 
-DEP_DIR=platform-tools-33.0.3
+DEP_DIR=platform-tools-34.0.1
 
-FILENAME=platform-tools_r33.0.3-windows.zip
-SHA256SUM=1e59afd40a74c5c0eab0a9fad3f0faf8a674267106e0b19921be9f67081808c2
+FILENAME=platform-tools_r34.0.1-windows.zip
+SHA256SUM=5dd9c2be744c224fa3a7cbe30ba02d2cb378c763bd0f797a7e47e9f3156a5daa
 
 if [[ -d "$DEP_DIR" ]]
 then

app/prebuilt-deps/prepare-ffmpeg.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ cd "$DIR"
 mkdir -p "$PREBUILT_DATA_DIR"
 cd "$PREBUILT_DATA_DIR"
 
-VERSION=6.0-scrcpy
+VERSION=6.0-scrcpy-2
 DEP_DIR="ffmpeg-$VERSION"
 
 FILENAME="$DEP_DIR".7z
-SHA256SUM=f3956295b4325a84aada05447ba3f314fbed96697811666d495de4de40d59f98
+SHA256SUM=98ef97f8607c97a5c4f9c5a0a991b78f105d002a3619145011d16ffb92501b14
 
 if [[ -d "$DEP_DIR" ]]
 then

app/prebuilt-deps/prepare-sdl.sh

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ cd "$DIR"
 mkdir -p "$PREBUILT_DATA_DIR"
 cd "$PREBUILT_DATA_DIR"
 
-DEP_DIR=SDL2-2.26.1
+DEP_DIR=SDL2-2.26.4
 
-FILENAME=SDL2-devel-2.26.1-mingw.tar.gz
-SHA256SUM=aa43e1531a89551f9f9e14b27953a81d4ac946a9e574b5813cd0f2b36e83cc1c
+FILENAME=SDL2-devel-2.26.4-mingw.tar.gz
+SHA256SUM=fe899c8642caac2f180b1ee6f786857ddcaa0adc1fa82474312b09dd47d74712
 
 if [[ -d "$DEP_DIR" ]]
 then

app/scrcpy-windows.rc

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ BEGIN
       VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Romain Vimont, Genymobile"
       VALUE "OriginalFilename", "scrcpy.exe"
       VALUE "ProductName", "scrcpy"
-      VALUE "ProductVersion", "1.25"
+      VALUE "ProductVersion", "2.0"
     END
   END
   BLOCK "VarFileInfo"

app/scrcpy.1

@@ -23,14 +23,40 @@ Make scrcpy window always on top (above other windows).
 .BI "\-\-audio\-bit\-rate " value
 Encode the audio at the given bit\-rate, expressed in bits/s. Unit suffixes are supported: '\fBK\fR' (x1000) and '\fBM\fR' (x1000000).
 
-Default is 196K (196000).
+Default is 128K (128000).
+
+.TP
+.BI "\-\-audio\-buffer ms
+Configure the audio buffering delay (in milliseconds).
+
+Lower values decrease the latency, but increase the likelyhood of buffer underrun (causing audio glitches).
+
+Default is 50.
+
+.TP
+.BI "\-\-audio\-output\-buffer ms
+Configure the size of the SDL audio output buffer (in milliseconds).
+
+If you get "robotic" audio playback, you should test with a higher value (10). Do not change this setting otherwise.
+
+Default is 5.
 
 .TP
 .BI "\-\-audio\-codec " name
-Select an audio codec (opus or aac).
+Select an audio codec (opus, aac or raw).
 
 Default is opus.
 
+.TP
+.BI "\-\-audio\-codec\-options " key\fR[:\fItype\fR]=\fIvalue\fR[,...]
+Set a list of comma-separated key:type=value options for the device audio encoder.
+
+The possible values for 'type' are 'int' (default), 'long', 'float' and 'string'.
+
+The list of possible codec options is available in the Android documentation
+.UR https://d.android.com/reference/android/media/MediaFormat
+.UE .
+
 .TP
 .BI "\-\-audio\-encoder " name
 Use a specific MediaCodec audio encoder (depending on the codec provided by \fB\-\-audio\-codec\fR).
@@ -262,6 +288,10 @@ Supported names are currently "direct3d", "opengl", "opengles2", "opengles", "me
 .UR https://wiki.libsdl.org/SDL_HINT_RENDER_DRIVER
 .UE
 
+.TP
+.B \-\-require\-audio
+By default, scrcpy mirrors only the video if audio capture fails on the device. This option makes scrcpy fail if audio is enabled but does not work.
+
 .TP
 .BI "\-\-rotation " value
 Set the initial display rotation. Possibles values are 0, 1, 2 and 3. Each increment adds a 90 degrees rotation counterclockwise.
@@ -549,7 +579,7 @@ Copyright \(co 2018 Genymobile
 Genymobile
 .UE
 
-Copyright \(co 2018\-2022
+Copyright \(co 2018\-2023
 .MT rom@rom1v.com
 Romain Vimont
 .ME

app/src/audio_player.c

@@ -1,93 +1,127 @@
 #include "audio_player.h"
 
+#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 #include <libavutil/opt.h>
 
 #include "util/log.h"
 
 #define SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG // comment to debug
 
+/**
+ * Real-time audio player with configurable latency
+ *
+ * As input, the player regularly receives AVFrames of decoded audio samples.
+ * As output, an SDL callback regularly requests audio samples to be played.
+ * In the middle, an audio buffer stores the samples produced but not consumed
+ * yet.
+ *
+ * The goal of the player is to feed the audio output with a latency as low as
+ * possible while avoiding buffer underrun (i.e. not being able to provide
+ * samples when requested).
+ *
+ * The player aims to feed the audio output with as little latency as possible
+ * while avoiding buffer underrun. To achieve this, it attempts to maintain the
+ * average buffering (the number of samples present in the buffer) around a
+ * target value. If this target buffering is too low, then buffer underrun will
+ * occur frequently. If it is too high, then latency will become unacceptable.
+ * This target value is configured using the scrcpy option --audio-buffer.
+ *
+ * The player cannot adjust the sample input rate (it receives samples produced
+ * in real-time) or the sample output rate (it must provide samples as
+ * requested by the audio output callback). Therefore, it may only apply
+ * compensation by resampling (converting _m_ input samples to _n_ output
+ * samples).
+ *
+ * The compensation itself is applied by libswresample (FFmpeg). It is
+ * configured using swr_set_compensation(). An important work for the player
+ * is to estimate the compensation value regularly and apply it.
+ *
+ * The estimated buffering level is the result of averaging the "natural"
+ * buffering (samples are produced and consumed by blocks, so it must be
+ * smoothed), and making instant adjustments resulting of its own actions
+ * (explicit compensation and silence insertion on underflow), which are not
+ * smoothed.
+ *
+ * Buffer underflow events can occur when packets arrive too late. In that case,
+ * the player inserts silence. Once the packets finally arrive (late), one
+ * strategy could be to drop the samples that were replaced by silence, in
+ * order to keep a minimal latency. However, dropping samples in case of buffer
+ * underflow is inadvisable, as it would temporarily increase the underflow
+ * even more and cause very noticeable audio glitches.
+ *
+ * Therefore, the player doesn't drop any sample on underflow. The compensation
+ * mechanism will absorb the delay introduced by the inserted silence.
+ */
+
 /** Downcast frame_sink to sc_audio_player */
 #define DOWNCAST(SINK) container_of(SINK, struct sc_audio_player, frame_sink)
 
 #define SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT AV_SAMPLE_FMT_FLT
 #define SC_SDL_SAMPLE_FMT AUDIO_F32
 
-#define SC_AUDIO_OUTPUT_BUFFER_SAMPLES 480 // 10ms at 48000Hz
+#define TO_BYTES(SAMPLES) sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(&ap->buf, (SAMPLES))
+#define TO_SAMPLES(BYTES) sc_audiobuf_to_samples(&ap->buf, (BYTES))
 
-// The target number of buffered samples between the producer and the consumer.
-// This value is directly use for compensation.
-#define SC_TARGET_BUFFERED_SAMPLES (3 * SC_AUDIO_OUTPUT_BUFFER_SAMPLES)
-
-// If the consumer is too late, skip samples to keep at most this value
-#define SC_BUFFERED_SAMPLES_THRESHOLD 2400 // 50ms at 48000Hz
-
-// Use a ring-buffer of 1 second (at 48000Hz) between the producer and the
-// consumer. It too big, but it guarantees that the producer and the consumer
-// will be able to access it in parallel without locking.
-#define SC_BYTEBUF_SIZE_IN_SAMPLES 48000
-
-void
+static void SDLCALL
 sc_audio_player_sdl_callback(void *userdata, uint8_t *stream, int len_int) {
     struct sc_audio_player *ap = userdata;
 
     // This callback is called with the lock used by SDL_AudioDeviceLock(), so
-    // the bytebuf is protected
+    // the audiobuf is protected
 
     assert(len_int > 0);
     size_t len = len_int;
+    uint32_t count = TO_SAMPLES(len);
 
 #ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
-    LOGD("[Audio] SDL callback requests %" SC_PRIsizet " samples",
-         len / (ap->nb_channels * ap->out_bytes_per_sample));
+    LOGD("[Audio] SDL callback requests %" PRIu32 " samples", count);
 #endif
 
-    size_t read = sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&ap->buf);
-    size_t max_buffered_bytes = SC_BUFFERED_SAMPLES_THRESHOLD
-                              * ap->nb_channels * ap->out_bytes_per_sample;
-    if (read > max_buffered_bytes + len) {
-        size_t skip = read - (max_buffered_bytes + len);
-#ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
-        LOGD("[Audio] Buffered samples threshold exceeded: %" SC_PRIsizet
-             " bytes, skipping %" SC_PRIsizet " bytes", read, skip);
-#endif
-        // After this callback, exactly max_buffered_bytes will remain
-        sc_bytebuf_skip(&ap->buf, skip);
-        read = max_buffered_bytes + len;
-    }
-
-    // Number of buffered samples (may be negative on underflow)
-    float buffered_samples = ((float) read - len_int)
-                           / (ap->nb_channels * ap->out_bytes_per_sample);
-    sc_average_push(&ap->avg_buffered_samples, buffered_samples);
-
-    if (read) {
-        if (read > len) {
-            read = len;
+    uint32_t buffered_samples = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ap->buf);
+    if (!ap->played) {
+        // Part of the buffering is handled by inserting initial silence. The
+        // remaining (margin) last samples will be handled by compensation.
+        uint32_t margin = 30 * ap->sample_rate / 1000; // 30ms
+        if (buffered_samples + margin < ap->target_buffering) {
+            LOGV("[Audio] Inserting initial buffering silence: %" PRIu32
+                 " samples", count);
+            // Delay playback starting to reach the target buffering. Fill the
+            // whole buffer with silence (len is small compared to the
+            // arbitrary margin value).
+            memset(stream, 0, len);
+            return;
         }
-        sc_bytebuf_read(&ap->buf, stream, read);
     }
 
-    if (read < len) {
-        // Insert silence
-#ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
-        LOGD("[Audio] Buffer underflow, inserting silence: %" SC_PRIsizet
-             " bytes", len - read);
-#endif
-        memset(stream + read, 0, len - read);
+    uint32_t read = MIN(buffered_samples, count);
+    if (read) {
+        sc_audiobuf_read(&ap->buf, stream, read);
     }
-}
 
-static size_t
-sc_audio_player_get_buf_size(struct sc_audio_player *ap, size_t samples) {
-    assert(ap->nb_channels);
-    assert(ap->out_bytes_per_sample);
-    return samples * ap->nb_channels * ap->out_bytes_per_sample;
+    if (read < count) {
+        uint32_t silence = count - read;
+        // Insert silence. In theory, the inserted silent samples replace the
+        // missing real samples, which will arrive later, so they should be
+        // dropped to keep the latency minimal. However, this would cause very
+        // audible glitches, so let the clock compensation restore the target
+        // latency.
+        LOGD("[Audio] Buffer underflow, inserting silence: %" PRIu32 " samples",
+             silence);
+        memset(stream + read, 0, TO_BYTES(silence));
+
+        if (ap->received) {
+            // Inserting additional samples immediately increases buffering
+            ap->underflow += silence;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ap->played = true;
 }
 
 static uint8_t *
-sc_audio_player_get_swr_buf(struct sc_audio_player *ap, size_t min_samples) {
-    size_t min_buf_size = sc_audio_player_get_buf_size(ap, min_samples);
-    if (min_buf_size < ap->swr_buf_alloc_size) {
+sc_audio_player_get_swr_buf(struct sc_audio_player *ap, uint32_t min_samples) {
+    size_t min_buf_size = TO_BYTES(min_samples);
+    if (min_buf_size > ap->swr_buf_alloc_size) {
         size_t new_size = min_buf_size + 4096;
         uint8_t *buf = realloc(ap->swr_buf, new_size);
         if (!buf) {
@@ -102,6 +136,188 @@ sc_audio_player_get_swr_buf(struct sc_audio_player *ap, size_t min_samples) {
     return ap->swr_buf;
 }
 
+static bool
+sc_audio_player_frame_sink_push(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
+                                const AVFrame *frame) {
+    struct sc_audio_player *ap = DOWNCAST(sink);
+
+    SwrContext *swr_ctx = ap->swr_ctx;
+
+    int64_t swr_delay = swr_get_delay(swr_ctx, ap->sample_rate);
+    // No need to av_rescale_rnd(), input and output sample rates are the same.
+    // Add more space (256) for clock compensation.
+    int dst_nb_samples = swr_delay + frame->nb_samples + 256;
+
+    uint8_t *swr_buf = sc_audio_player_get_swr_buf(ap, dst_nb_samples);
+    if (!swr_buf) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int ret = swr_convert(swr_ctx, &swr_buf, dst_nb_samples,
+                          (const uint8_t **) frame->data, frame->nb_samples);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        LOGE("Resampling failed: %d", ret);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // swr_convert() returns the number of samples which would have been
+    // written if the buffer was big enough.
+    uint32_t samples_written = MIN(ret, dst_nb_samples);
+#ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
+    LOGD("[Audio] %" PRIu32 " samples written to buffer", samples_written);
+#endif
+
+    // Since this function is the only writer, the current available space is
+    // at least the previous available space. In practice, it should almost
+    // always be possible to write without lock.
+    bool lockless_write = samples_written <= ap->previous_can_write;
+    if (lockless_write) {
+        sc_audiobuf_prepare_write(&ap->buf, swr_buf, samples_written);
+    }
+
+    SDL_LockAudioDevice(ap->device);
+
+    uint32_t buffered_samples = sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ap->buf);
+
+    if (lockless_write) {
+        sc_audiobuf_commit_write(&ap->buf, samples_written);
+    } else {
+        uint32_t can_write = sc_audiobuf_can_write(&ap->buf);
+        if (samples_written > can_write) {
+            // Entering this branch is very unlikely, the audio buffer is
+            // allocated with a size sufficient to store 1 second more than the
+            // target buffering. If this happens, though, we have to skip old
+            // samples.
+            uint32_t cap = sc_audiobuf_capacity(&ap->buf);
+            if (samples_written > cap) {
+                // Very very unlikely: a single resampled frame should never
+                // exceed the audio buffer size (or something is very wrong).
+                // Ignore the first bytes in swr_buf
+                swr_buf += TO_BYTES(samples_written - cap);
+                // This change in samples_written will impact the
+                // instant_compensation below
+                samples_written = cap;
+            }
+
+            assert(samples_written >= can_write);
+            if (samples_written > can_write) {
+                uint32_t skip_samples = samples_written - can_write;
+                assert(buffered_samples >= skip_samples);
+                sc_audiobuf_skip(&ap->buf, skip_samples);
+                buffered_samples -= skip_samples;
+                if (ap->played) {
+                    // Dropping input samples instantly decreases buffering
+                    ap->avg_buffering.avg -= skip_samples;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // It should remain exactly the expected size to write the new
+            // samples.
+            assert(sc_audiobuf_can_write(&ap->buf) == samples_written);
+        }
+
+        sc_audiobuf_write(&ap->buf, swr_buf, samples_written);
+    }
+
+    buffered_samples += samples_written;
+    assert(buffered_samples == sc_audiobuf_can_read(&ap->buf));
+
+    // Read with lock held, to be used after unlocking
+    bool played = ap->played;
+    uint32_t underflow = ap->underflow;
+
+    if (played) {
+        uint32_t max_buffered_samples = ap->target_buffering
+                                      + 12 * ap->output_buffer
+                                      + ap->target_buffering / 10;
+        if (buffered_samples > max_buffered_samples) {
+            uint32_t skip_samples = buffered_samples - max_buffered_samples;
+            sc_audiobuf_skip(&ap->buf, skip_samples);
+            LOGD("[Audio] Buffering threshold exceeded, skipping %" PRIu32
+                 " samples", skip_samples);
+        }
+
+        // reset (the current value was copied to a local variable)
+        ap->underflow = 0;
+    } else {
+        // SDL playback not started yet, do not accumulate more than
+        // max_initial_buffering samples, this would cause unnecessary delay
+        // (and glitches to compensate) on start.
+        uint32_t max_initial_buffering = ap->target_buffering
+                                       + 2 * ap->output_buffer;
+        if (buffered_samples > max_initial_buffering) {
+            uint32_t skip_samples = buffered_samples - max_initial_buffering;
+            sc_audiobuf_skip(&ap->buf, skip_samples);
+#ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
+            LOGD("[Audio] Playback not started, skipping %" PRIu32 " samples",
+                 skip_samples);
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+
+    ap->previous_can_write = sc_audiobuf_can_write(&ap->buf);
+    ap->received = true;
+
+    SDL_UnlockAudioDevice(ap->device);
+
+    if (played) {
+        // Number of samples added (or removed, if negative) for compensation
+        int32_t instant_compensation =
+            (int32_t) samples_written - frame->nb_samples;
+        int32_t inserted_silence = (int32_t) underflow;
+
+        // The compensation must apply instantly, it must not be smoothed
+        ap->avg_buffering.avg += instant_compensation + inserted_silence;
+
+
+        // However, the buffering level must be smoothed
+        sc_average_push(&ap->avg_buffering, buffered_samples);
+
+#ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
+        LOGD("[Audio] buffered_samples=%" PRIu32 " avg_buffering=%f",
+             buffered_samples, sc_average_get(&ap->avg_buffering));
+#endif
+
+        ap->samples_since_resync += samples_written;
+        if (ap->samples_since_resync >= ap->sample_rate) {
+            // Recompute compensation every second
+            ap->samples_since_resync = 0;
+
+            float avg = sc_average_get(&ap->avg_buffering);
+            int diff = ap->target_buffering - avg;
+            if (abs(diff) < (int) ap->sample_rate / 1000) {
+                // Do not compensate for less than 1ms, the error is just noise
+                diff = 0;
+            } else if (diff < 0 && buffered_samples < ap->target_buffering) {
+                // Do not accelerate if the instant buffering level is below
+                // the average, this would increase underflow
+                diff = 0;
+            }
+            // Compensate the diff over 4 seconds (but will be recomputed after
+            // 1 second)
+            int distance = 4 * ap->sample_rate;
+            // Limit compensation rate to 2%
+            int abs_max_diff = distance / 50;
+            diff = CLAMP(diff, -abs_max_diff, abs_max_diff);
+            LOGV("[Audio] Buffering: target=%" PRIu32 " avg=%f cur=%" PRIu32
+                 " compensation=%d", ap->target_buffering, avg,
+                 buffered_samples, diff);
+
+            if (diff != ap->compensation) {
+                int ret = swr_set_compensation(swr_ctx, diff, distance);
+                if (ret < 0) {
+                    LOGW("Resampling compensation failed: %d", ret);
+                    // not fatal
+                } else {
+                    ap->compensation = diff;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 static bool
 sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
                                 const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
@@ -115,11 +331,28 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
     unsigned nb_channels = tmp;
 #endif
 
+    assert(ctx->sample_rate > 0);
+    assert(!av_sample_fmt_is_planar(SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT));
+    int out_bytes_per_sample = av_get_bytes_per_sample(SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT);
+    assert(out_bytes_per_sample > 0);
+
+    ap->sample_rate = ctx->sample_rate;
+    ap->nb_channels = nb_channels;
+    ap->out_bytes_per_sample = out_bytes_per_sample;
+
+    ap->target_buffering = ap->target_buffering_delay * ap->sample_rate
+                                                      / SC_TICK_FREQ;
+
+    uint64_t aout_samples = ap->output_buffer_duration * ap->sample_rate
+                                                       / SC_TICK_FREQ;
+    assert(aout_samples <= 0xFFFF);
+    ap->output_buffer = (uint16_t) aout_samples;
+
     SDL_AudioSpec desired = {
         .freq = ctx->sample_rate,
         .format = SC_SDL_SAMPLE_FMT,
         .channels = nb_channels,
-        .samples = SC_AUDIO_OUTPUT_BUFFER_SAMPLES,
+        .samples = aout_samples,
         .callback = sc_audio_player_sdl_callback,
         .userdata = ap,
     };
@@ -138,12 +371,6 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
     }
     ap->swr_ctx = swr_ctx;
 
-    assert(ctx->sample_rate > 0);
-    assert(!av_sample_fmt_is_planar(SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT));
-
-    int out_bytes_per_sample = av_get_bytes_per_sample(SC_AV_SAMPLE_FMT);
-    assert(out_bytes_per_sample > 0);
-
 #ifdef SCRCPY_LAVU_HAS_CHLAYOUT
     av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "in_chlayout", &ctx->ch_layout, 0);
     av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "out_chlayout", &ctx->ch_layout, 0);
@@ -166,37 +393,52 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
         goto error_free_swr_ctx;
     }
 
-    ap->sample_rate = ctx->sample_rate;
-    ap->nb_channels = nb_channels;
-    ap->out_bytes_per_sample = out_bytes_per_sample;
+    // Use a ring-buffer of the target buffering size plus 1 second between the
+    // producer and the consumer. It's too big on purpose, to guarantee that
+    // the producer and the consumer will be able to access it in parallel
+    // without locking.
+    size_t audiobuf_samples = ap->target_buffering + ap->sample_rate;
 
-    size_t bytebuf_size =
-        sc_audio_player_get_buf_size(ap, SC_BYTEBUF_SIZE_IN_SAMPLES);
-
-    bool ok = sc_bytebuf_init(&ap->buf, bytebuf_size);
+    size_t sample_size = ap->nb_channels * ap->out_bytes_per_sample;
+    bool ok = sc_audiobuf_init(&ap->buf, sample_size, audiobuf_samples);
     if (!ok) {
         goto error_free_swr_ctx;
     }
 
-    ap->safe_empty_buffer = sc_bytebuf_write_remaining(&ap->buf);
-
-    size_t initial_swr_buf_size = sc_audio_player_get_buf_size(ap, 4096);
+    size_t initial_swr_buf_size = TO_BYTES(4096);
     ap->swr_buf = malloc(initial_swr_buf_size);
     if (!ap->swr_buf) {
         LOG_OOM();
-        goto error_destroy_bytebuf;
+        goto error_destroy_audiobuf;
     }
     ap->swr_buf_alloc_size = initial_swr_buf_size;
 
-    sc_average_init(&ap->avg_buffered_samples, 32);
+    ap->previous_can_write = sc_audiobuf_can_write(&ap->buf);
+
+    // Samples are produced and consumed by blocks, so the buffering must be
+    // smoothed to get a relatively stable value.
+    sc_average_init(&ap->avg_buffering, 32);
     ap->samples_since_resync = 0;
 
+    ap->received = false;
+    ap->played = false;
+    ap->underflow = 0;
+    ap->compensation = 0;
+
+    // The thread calling open() is the thread calling push(), which fills the
+    // audio buffer consumed by the SDL audio thread.
+    ok = sc_thread_set_priority(SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL);
+    if (!ok) {
+        ok = sc_thread_set_priority(SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGH);
+        (void) ok; // We don't care if it worked, at least we tried
+    }
+
     SDL_PauseAudioDevice(ap->device, 0);
 
     return true;
 
-error_destroy_bytebuf:
-    sc_bytebuf_destroy(&ap->buf);
+error_destroy_audiobuf:
+    sc_audiobuf_destroy(&ap->buf);
 error_free_swr_ctx:
     swr_free(&ap->swr_ctx);
 error_close_audio_device:
@@ -214,86 +456,16 @@ sc_audio_player_frame_sink_close(struct sc_frame_sink *sink) {
     SDL_CloseAudioDevice(ap->device);
 
     free(ap->swr_buf);
-    sc_bytebuf_destroy(&ap->buf);
+    sc_audiobuf_destroy(&ap->buf);
     swr_free(&ap->swr_ctx);
 }
 
-static bool
-sc_audio_player_frame_sink_push(struct sc_frame_sink *sink, const AVFrame *frame) {
-    struct sc_audio_player *ap = DOWNCAST(sink);
-
-    SwrContext *swr_ctx = ap->swr_ctx;
-
-    int64_t delay = swr_get_delay(swr_ctx, ap->sample_rate);
-    // No need to av_rescale_rnd(), input and output sample rates are the same
-    int dst_nb_samples = delay + frame->nb_samples;
-
-    uint8_t *swr_buf = sc_audio_player_get_swr_buf(ap, frame->nb_samples);
-    if (!swr_buf) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    int ret = swr_convert(swr_ctx, &swr_buf, dst_nb_samples,
-                          (const uint8_t **) frame->data, frame->nb_samples);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        LOGE("Resampling failed: %d", ret);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    size_t samples_written = ret;
-    size_t swr_buf_size = sc_audio_player_get_buf_size(ap, samples_written);
-#ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
-    LOGI("[Audio] %" SC_PRIsizet " samples written to buffer", samples_written);
-#endif
-
-    // It should almost always be possible to write without lock
-    bool can_write_without_lock = swr_buf_size <= ap->safe_empty_buffer;
-    if (can_write_without_lock) {
-        sc_bytebuf_prepare_write(&ap->buf, swr_buf, swr_buf_size);
-    }
-
-    SDL_LockAudioDevice(ap->device);
-    if (can_write_without_lock) {
-        sc_bytebuf_commit_write(&ap->buf, swr_buf_size);
-    } else {
-        sc_bytebuf_write(&ap->buf, swr_buf, swr_buf_size);
-    }
-
-    // The next time, it will remain at least the current empty space
-    ap->safe_empty_buffer = sc_bytebuf_write_remaining(&ap->buf);
-
-    // Read the value written by the SDL thread under lock
-    float avg;
-    bool has_avg = sc_average_get(&ap->avg_buffered_samples, &avg);
-
-    SDL_UnlockAudioDevice(ap->device);
-
-    if (has_avg) {
-        ap->samples_since_resync += samples_written;
-        if (ap->samples_since_resync >= ap->sample_rate) {
-            // Resync every second
-            ap->samples_since_resync = 0;
-
-            int diff = SC_TARGET_BUFFERED_SAMPLES - avg;
-#ifndef SC_AUDIO_PLAYER_NDEBUG
-            LOGI("[Audio] Average buffered samples = %f, compensation %d",
-                 avg, diff);
-#endif
-            // Compensate the diff over 3 seconds (but will be recomputed after
-            // 1 second)
-            int ret = swr_set_compensation(swr_ctx, diff, 3 * ap->sample_rate);
-            if (ret < 0) {
-                LOGW("Resampling compensation failed: %d", ret);
-                // not fatal
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
 void
-sc_audio_player_init(struct sc_audio_player *ap) {
+sc_audio_player_init(struct sc_audio_player *ap, sc_tick target_buffering,
+                     sc_tick output_buffer_duration) {
+    ap->target_buffering_delay = target_buffering;
+    ap->output_buffer_duration = output_buffer_duration;
+
     static const struct sc_frame_sink_ops ops = {
         .open = sc_audio_player_frame_sink_open,
         .close = sc_audio_player_frame_sink_close,

app/src/audio_player.h

@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include "trait/frame_sink.h"
+#include <util/audiobuf.h>
 #include <util/average.h>
-#include <util/bytebuf.h>
 #include <util/thread.h>
+#include <util/tick.h>
 
 #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
 #include <libswresample/swresample.h>
@@ -18,27 +19,61 @@ struct sc_audio_player {
 
     SDL_AudioDeviceID device;
 
-    // protected by SDL_AudioDeviceLock()
-    struct sc_bytebuf buf;
-    // Number of bytes which could be written without locking
-    size_t safe_empty_buffer;
+    // The target buffering between the producer and the consumer. This value
+    // is directly use for compensation.
+    // Since audio capture and/or encoding on the device typically produce
+    // blocks of 960 samples (20ms) or 1024 samples (~21.3ms), this target
+    // value should be higher.
+    sc_tick target_buffering_delay;
+    uint32_t target_buffering; // in samples
 
+    // SDL audio output buffer size.
+    sc_tick output_buffer_duration;
+    uint16_t output_buffer;
+
+    // Audio buffer to communicate between the receiver and the SDL audio
+    // callback (protected by SDL_AudioDeviceLock())
+    struct sc_audiobuf buf;
+
+    // The previous empty space in the buffer (only used by the receiver
+    // thread)
+    uint32_t previous_can_write;
+
+    // Resampler (only used from the receiver thread)
     struct SwrContext *swr_ctx;
 
     // The sample rate is the same for input and output
     unsigned sample_rate;
     // The number of channels is the same for input and output
     unsigned nb_channels;
-
+    // The number of bytes per sample for a single channel
     unsigned out_bytes_per_sample;
 
-    // Target buffer for resampling
+    // Target buffer for resampling (only used by the receiver thread)
     uint8_t *swr_buf;
     size_t swr_buf_alloc_size;
 
-    // Number of buffered samples (may be negative on underflow)
-    struct sc_average avg_buffered_samples;
-    unsigned samples_since_resync;
+    // Number of buffered samples (may be negative on underflow) (only used by
+    // the receiver thread)
+    struct sc_average avg_buffering;
+    // Count the number of samples to trigger a compensation update regularly
+    // (only used by the receiver thread)
+    uint32_t samples_since_resync;
+
+    // Number of silence samples inserted since the last received packet
+    // (protected by SDL_AudioDeviceLock())
+    uint32_t underflow;
+
+    // Current applied compensation value (only used by the receiver thread)
+    int compensation;
+
+    // Set to true the first time a sample is received (protected by
+    // SDL_AudioDeviceLock())
+    bool received;
+
+    // Set to true the first time the SDL callback is called (protected by
+    // SDL_AudioDeviceLock())
+    bool played;
 
     const struct sc_audio_player_callbacks *cbs;
     void *cbs_userdata;
@@ -49,6 +84,7 @@ struct sc_audio_player_callbacks {
 };
 
 void
-sc_audio_player_init(struct sc_audio_player *ap);
+sc_audio_player_init(struct sc_audio_player *ap, sc_tick target_buffering,
+                     sc_tick audio_output_buffer);
 
 #endif

app/src/cli.c

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #define STR(x) STR_IMPL_(x)
 
 enum {
-    OPT_RENDER_EXPIRED_FRAMES = 1000,
+    OPT_BIT_RATE = 1000,
     OPT_WINDOW_TITLE,
     OPT_PUSH_TARGET,
     OPT_ALWAYS_ON_TOP,
@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ enum {
     OPT_AUDIO_ENCODER,
     OPT_LIST_ENCODERS,
     OPT_LIST_DISPLAYS,
+    OPT_REQUIRE_AUDIO,
+    OPT_AUDIO_BUFFER,
+    OPT_AUDIO_OUTPUT_BUFFER,
 };
 
 struct sc_option {
@@ -116,13 +119,32 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
         .argdesc = "value",
         .text = "Encode the audio at the given bit-rate, expressed in bits/s. "
                 "Unit suffixes are supported: 'K' (x1000) and 'M' (x1000000).\n"
-                "Default is 196K (196000).",
+                "Default is 128K (128000).",
+    },
+    {
+        .longopt_id = OPT_AUDIO_BUFFER,
+        .longopt = "audio-buffer",
+        .argdesc = "ms",
+        .text = "Configure the audio buffering delay (in milliseconds).\n"
+                "Lower values decrease the latency, but increase the "
+                "likelyhood of buffer underrun (causing audio glitches).\n"
+                "Default is 50.",
+    },
+    {
+        .longopt_id = OPT_AUDIO_OUTPUT_BUFFER,
+        .longopt = "audio-output-buffer",
+        .argdesc = "ms",
+        .text = "Configure the size of the SDL audio output buffer (in "
+                "milliseconds).\n"
+                "If you get \"robotic\" audio playback, you should test with "
+                "a higher value (10). Do not change this setting otherwise.\n"
+                "Default is 5.",
     },
     {
         .longopt_id = OPT_AUDIO_CODEC,
         .longopt = "audio-codec",
         .argdesc = "name",
-        .text = "Select an audio codec (opus or aac).\n"
+        .text = "Select an audio codec (opus, aac or raw).\n"
                 "Default is opus.",
     },
     {
@@ -153,6 +175,12 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
                 "Unit suffixes are supported: 'K' (x1000) and 'M' (x1000000).\n"
                 "Default is 8M (8000000).",
     },
+    {
+        // deprecated
+        .longopt_id = OPT_BIT_RATE,
+        .longopt = "bit-rate",
+        .argdesc = "value",
+    },
     {
         // Not really deprecated (--codec has never been released), but without
         // declaring an explicit --codec option, getopt_long() partial matching
@@ -454,9 +482,11 @@ static const struct sc_option options[] = {
                 "<https://wiki.libsdl.org/SDL_HINT_RENDER_DRIVER>",
     },
     {
-        // deprecated
-        .longopt_id = OPT_RENDER_EXPIRED_FRAMES,
-        .longopt = "render-expired-frames",
+        .longopt_id = OPT_REQUIRE_AUDIO,
+        .longopt = "require-audio",
+        .text = "By default, scrcpy mirrors only the video when audio capture "
+                "fails on the device. This option makes scrcpy fail if audio "
+                "is enabled but does not work."
     },
     {
         .longopt_id = OPT_ROTATION,
@@ -1185,6 +1215,19 @@ parse_buffering_time(const char *s, sc_tick *tick) {
     return true;
 }
 
+static bool
+parse_audio_output_buffer(const char *s, sc_tick *tick) {
+    long value;
+    bool ok = parse_integer_arg(s, &value, false, 0, 1000,
+                                "audio output buffer");
+    if (!ok) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    *tick = SC_TICK_FROM_MS(value);
+    return true;
+}
+
 static bool
 parse_lock_video_orientation(const char *s,
                              enum sc_lock_video_orientation *lock_mode) {
@@ -1497,7 +1540,11 @@ parse_audio_codec(const char *optarg, enum sc_codec *codec) {
         *codec = SC_CODEC_AAC;
         return true;
     }
-    LOGE("Unsupported audio codec: %s (expected opus)", optarg);
+    if (!strcmp(optarg, "raw")) {
+        *codec = SC_CODEC_RAW;
+        return true;
+    }
+    LOGE("Unsupported audio codec: %s (expected opus, aac or raw)", optarg);
     return false;
 }
 
@@ -1511,6 +1558,10 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
     int c;
     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, optstring, longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
         switch (c) {
+            case OPT_BIT_RATE:
+                LOGE("--bit-rate has been removed, "
+                     "use --video-bit-rate or --audio-bit-rate.");
+                return false;
             case 'b':
                 if (!parse_bit_rate(optarg, &opts->video_bit_rate)) {
                     return false;
@@ -1538,9 +1589,6 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
             case 'f':
                 opts->fullscreen = true;
                 break;
-            case 'F':
-                LOGW("Deprecated option -F. Use --record-format instead.");
-                // fall through
             case OPT_RECORD_FORMAT:
                 if (!parse_record_format(optarg, &opts->record_format)) {
                     return false;
@@ -1628,10 +1676,6 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
             case 'w':
                 opts->stay_awake = true;
                 break;
-            case OPT_RENDER_EXPIRED_FRAMES:
-                LOGW("Option --render-expired-frames has been removed. This "
-                     "flag has been ignored.");
-                break;
             case OPT_WINDOW_TITLE:
                 opts->window_title = optarg;
                 break;
@@ -1690,9 +1734,9 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
                 opts->forward_key_repeat = false;
                 break;
             case OPT_CODEC_OPTIONS:
-                LOGW("--codec-options is deprecated, use --video-codec-options "
-                     "instead.");
-                // fall through
+                LOGE("--codec-options has been removed, "
+                     "use --video-codec-options or --audio-codec-options.");
+                return false;
             case OPT_VIDEO_CODEC_OPTIONS:
                 opts->video_codec_options = optarg;
                 break;
@@ -1700,8 +1744,9 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
                 opts->audio_codec_options = optarg;
                 break;
             case OPT_ENCODER:
-                LOGW("--encoder is deprecated, use --video-encoder instead.");
-                // fall through
+                LOGE("--encoder has been removed, "
+                     "use --video-encoder or --audio-encoder.");
+                return false;
             case OPT_VIDEO_ENCODER:
                 opts->video_encoder = optarg;
                 break;
@@ -1756,8 +1801,9 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
                 opts->start_fps_counter = true;
                 break;
             case OPT_CODEC:
-                LOGW("--codec is deprecated, use --video-codec instead.");
-                // fall through
+                LOGE("--codec has been removed, "
+                     "use --video-codec or --audio-codec.");
+                return false;
             case OPT_VIDEO_CODEC:
                 if (!parse_video_codec(optarg, &opts->video_codec)) {
                     return false;
@@ -1801,6 +1847,20 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
             case OPT_LIST_DISPLAYS:
                 opts->list_displays = true;
                 break;
+            case OPT_REQUIRE_AUDIO:
+                opts->require_audio = true;
+                break;
+            case OPT_AUDIO_BUFFER:
+                if (!parse_buffering_time(optarg, &opts->audio_buffer)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                break;
+            case OPT_AUDIO_OUTPUT_BUFFER:
+                if (!parse_audio_output_buffer(optarg,
+                                               &opts->audio_output_buffer)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                break;
             default:
                 // getopt prints the error message on stderr
                 return false;
@@ -1861,6 +1921,11 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
     }
 #endif
 
+    if (opts->audio && !opts->display && !opts->record_filename) {
+        LOGI("No display and no recording: audio disabled");
+        opts->audio = false;
+    }
+
     if ((opts->tunnel_host || opts->tunnel_port) && !opts->force_adb_forward) {
         LOGI("Tunnel host/port is set, "
              "--force-adb-forward automatically enabled.");
@@ -1882,6 +1947,23 @@ parse_args_with_getopt(struct scrcpy_cli_args *args, int argc, char *argv[],
         }
     }
 
+    if (opts->record_filename && opts->audio_codec == SC_CODEC_RAW) {
+        LOGW("Recording does not support RAW audio codec");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (opts->audio_codec == SC_CODEC_RAW) {
+        if (opts->audio_bit_rate) {
+            LOGW("--audio-bit-rate is ignored for raw audio codec");
+        }
+        if (opts->audio_codec_options) {
+            LOGW("--audio-codec-options is ignored for raw audio codec");
+        }
+        if (opts->audio_encoder) {
+            LOGW("--audio-encoder is ignored for raw audio codec");
+        }
+    }
+
     if (!opts->control) {
         if (opts->turn_screen_off) {
             LOGE("Could not request to turn screen off if control is disabled");

app/src/clock.c

@@ -1,111 +1,36 @@
 #include "clock.h"
 
+#include <assert.h>
+
 #include "util/log.h"
 
 #define SC_CLOCK_NDEBUG // comment to debug
 
+#define SC_CLOCK_RANGE 32
+
 void
 sc_clock_init(struct sc_clock *clock) {
-    clock->count = 0;
-    clock->head = 0;
-    clock->left_sum.system = 0;
-    clock->left_sum.stream = 0;
-    clock->right_sum.system = 0;
-    clock->right_sum.stream = 0;
-}
-
-// Estimate the affine function f(stream) = slope * stream + offset
-static void
-sc_clock_estimate(struct sc_clock *clock,
-                  double *out_slope, sc_tick *out_offset) {
-    assert(clock->count > 1); // two points are necessary
-
-    struct sc_clock_point left_avg = {
-        .system = clock->left_sum.system / (clock->count / 2),
-        .stream = clock->left_sum.stream / (clock->count / 2),
-    };
-    struct sc_clock_point right_avg = {
-        .system = clock->right_sum.system / ((clock->count + 1) / 2),
-        .stream = clock->right_sum.stream / ((clock->count + 1) / 2),
-    };
-
-    double slope = (double) (right_avg.system - left_avg.system)
-                 / (right_avg.stream - left_avg.stream);
-
-    if (clock->count < SC_CLOCK_RANGE) {
-        /* The first frames are typically received and decoded with more delay
-         * than the others, causing a wrong slope estimation on start. To
-         * compensate, assume an initial slope of 1, then progressively use the
-         * estimated slope. */
-        slope = (clock->count * slope + (SC_CLOCK_RANGE - clock->count))
-              / SC_CLOCK_RANGE;
-    }
-
-    struct sc_clock_point global_avg = {
-        .system = (clock->left_sum.system + clock->right_sum.system)
-                 / clock->count,
-        .stream = (clock->left_sum.stream + clock->right_sum.stream)
-                 / clock->count,
-    };
-
-    sc_tick offset = global_avg.system - (sc_tick) (global_avg.stream * slope);
-
-    *out_slope = slope;
-    *out_offset = offset;
+    clock->range = 0;
+    clock->offset = 0;
 }
 
 void
 sc_clock_update(struct sc_clock *clock, sc_tick system, sc_tick stream) {
-    struct sc_clock_point *point = &clock->points[clock->head];
-
-    if (clock->count == SC_CLOCK_RANGE || clock->count & 1) {
-        // One point passes from the right sum to the left sum
-
-        unsigned mid;
-        if (clock->count == SC_CLOCK_RANGE) {
-            mid = (clock->head + SC_CLOCK_RANGE / 2) % SC_CLOCK_RANGE;
-        } else {
-            // Only for the first frames
-            mid = clock->count / 2;
-        }
-
-        struct sc_clock_point *mid_point = &clock->points[mid];
-        clock->left_sum.system += mid_point->system;
-        clock->left_sum.stream += mid_point->stream;
-        clock->right_sum.system -= mid_point->system;
-        clock->right_sum.stream -= mid_point->stream;
+    if (clock->range < SC_CLOCK_RANGE) {
+        ++clock->range;
     }
 
-    if (clock->count == SC_CLOCK_RANGE) {
-        // The current point overwrites the previous value in the circular
-        // array, update the left sum accordingly
-        clock->left_sum.system -= point->system;
-        clock->left_sum.stream -= point->stream;
-    } else {
-        ++clock->count;
-    }
-
-    point->system = system;
-    point->stream = stream;
-
-    clock->right_sum.system += system;
-    clock->right_sum.stream += stream;
-
-    clock->head = (clock->head + 1) % SC_CLOCK_RANGE;
-
-    if (clock->count > 1) {
-        // Update estimation
-        sc_clock_estimate(clock, &clock->slope, &clock->offset);
+    sc_tick offset = system - stream;
+    clock->offset = ((clock->range - 1) * clock->offset + offset)
+                  / clock->range;
 
 #ifndef SC_CLOCK_NDEBUG
-        LOGD("Clock estimation: %f * pts + %" PRItick,
-             clock->slope, clock->offset);
+    LOGD("Clock estimation: pts + %" PRItick, clock->offset);
 #endif
-    }
 }
 
 sc_tick
 sc_clock_to_system_time(struct sc_clock *clock, sc_tick stream) {
-    assert(clock->count > 1); // sc_clock_update() must have been called
-    return (sc_tick) (stream * clock->slope) + clock->offset;
+    assert(clock->range); // sc_clock_update() must have been called
+    return stream + clock->offset;
 }

app/src/clock.h

@@ -3,13 +3,8 @@
 
 #include "common.h"
 
-#include <assert.h>
-
 #include "util/tick.h"
 
-#define SC_CLOCK_RANGE 32
-static_assert(!(SC_CLOCK_RANGE & 1), "SC_CLOCK_RANGE must be even");
-
 struct sc_clock_point {
     sc_tick system;
     sc_tick stream;
@@ -21,40 +16,18 @@ struct sc_clock_point {
  *
  *     f(stream) = slope * stream + offset
  *
- * To that end, it stores the SC_CLOCK_RANGE last clock points (the timestamps
- * of a frame expressed both in stream time and system time) in a circular
- * array.
+ * Theoretically, the slope encodes the drift between the device clock and the
+ * computer clock. It is expected to be very close to 1.
  *
- * To estimate the slope, it splits the last SC_CLOCK_RANGE points into two
- * sets of SC_CLOCK_RANGE/2 points, and computes their centroid ("average
- * point"). The slope of the estimated affine function is that of the line
- * passing through these two points.
+ * Since the clock is used to estimate very close points in the future (which
+ * are reestimated on every clock update, see delay_buffer), the error caused
+ * by clock drift is totally negligible, so it is better to assume that the
+ * slope is 1 than to estimate it (the estimation error would be larger).
  *
- * To estimate the offset, it computes the centroid of all the SC_CLOCK_RANGE
- * points. The resulting affine function passes by this centroid.
- *
- * With a circular array, the rolling sums (and average) are quick to compute.
- * In practice, the estimation is stable and the evolution is smooth.
+ * Therefore, only the offset is estimated.
  */
 struct sc_clock {
-    // Circular array
-    struct sc_clock_point points[SC_CLOCK_RANGE];
-
-    // Number of points in the array (count <= SC_CLOCK_RANGE)
-    unsigned count;
-
-    // Index of the next point to write
-    unsigned head;
-
-    // Sum of the first count/2 points
-    struct sc_clock_point left_sum;
-
-    // Sum of the last (count+1)/2 points
-    struct sc_clock_point right_sum;
-
-    // Estimated slope and offset
-    // (computed on sc_clock_update(), used by sc_clock_to_system_time())
-    double slope;
+    unsigned range;
     sc_tick offset;
 };
 

app/src/common.h

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 #include "compat.h"
 
 #define ARRAY_LEN(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
-#define MIN(X,Y) (X) < (Y) ? (X) : (Y)
-#define MAX(X,Y) (X) > (Y) ? (X) : (Y)
+#define MIN(X,Y) ((X) < (Y) ? (X) : (Y))
+#define MAX(X,Y) ((X) > (Y) ? (X) : (Y))
 #define CLAMP(V,X,Y) MIN( MAX((V),(X)), (Y) )
 
 #define container_of(ptr, type, member) \

app/src/compat.c

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include <assert.h>
+#ifndef HAVE_REALLOCARRAY
+# include <errno.h>
+#endif
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
@@ -93,5 +96,15 @@ long jrand48(unsigned short xsubi[3]) {
     return v.i;
 }
 #endif
-
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_REALLOCARRAY
+void *reallocarray(void *ptr, size_t nmemb, size_t size) {
+    size_t bytes;
+    if (__builtin_mul_overflow(nmemb, size, &bytes)) {
+      errno = ENOMEM;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    return realloc(ptr, bytes);
+}
 #endif

app/src/compat.h

@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@
 # define SCRCPY_SDL_HAS_HINT_VIDEO_X11_NET_WM_BYPASS_COMPOSITOR
 #endif
 
+#if SDL_VERSION_ATLEAST(2, 0, 16)
+# define SCRCPY_SDL_HAS_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL
+#endif
+
 #ifndef HAVE_STRDUP
 char *strdup(const char *s);
 #endif
@@ -74,4 +78,8 @@ long nrand48(unsigned short xsubi[3]);
 long jrand48(unsigned short xsubi[3]);
 #endif
 
+#ifndef HAVE_REALLOCARRAY
+void *reallocarray(void *ptr, size_t nmemb, size_t size);
+#endif
+
 #endif

app/src/controller.c

@@ -4,19 +4,28 @@
 
 #include "util/log.h"
 
+#define SC_CONTROL_MSG_QUEUE_MAX 64
+
 bool
 sc_controller_init(struct sc_controller *controller, sc_socket control_socket,
                    struct sc_acksync *acksync) {
-    cbuf_init(&controller->queue);
+    sc_vecdeque_init(&controller->queue);
 
-    bool ok = sc_receiver_init(&controller->receiver, control_socket, acksync);
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_reserve(&controller->queue, SC_CONTROL_MSG_QUEUE_MAX);
     if (!ok) {
         return false;
     }
 
+    ok = sc_receiver_init(&controller->receiver, control_socket, acksync);
+    if (!ok) {
+        sc_vecdeque_destroy(&controller->queue);
+        return false;
+    }
+
     ok = sc_mutex_init(&controller->mutex);
     if (!ok) {
         sc_receiver_destroy(&controller->receiver);
+        sc_vecdeque_destroy(&controller->queue);
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -24,6 +33,7 @@ sc_controller_init(struct sc_controller *controller, sc_socket control_socket,
     if (!ok) {
         sc_receiver_destroy(&controller->receiver);
         sc_mutex_destroy(&controller->mutex);
+        sc_vecdeque_destroy(&controller->queue);
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -38,10 +48,12 @@ sc_controller_destroy(struct sc_controller *controller) {
     sc_cond_destroy(&controller->msg_cond);
     sc_mutex_destroy(&controller->mutex);
 
-    struct sc_control_msg msg;
-    while (cbuf_take(&controller->queue, &msg)) {
-        sc_control_msg_destroy(&msg);
+    while (!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&controller->queue)) {
+        struct sc_control_msg *msg = sc_vecdeque_popref(&controller->queue);
+        assert(msg);
+        sc_control_msg_destroy(msg);
     }
+    sc_vecdeque_destroy(&controller->queue);
 
     sc_receiver_destroy(&controller->receiver);
 }
@@ -54,13 +66,19 @@ sc_controller_push_msg(struct sc_controller *controller,
     }
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&controller->mutex);
-    bool was_empty = cbuf_is_empty(&controller->queue);
-    bool res = cbuf_push(&controller->queue, *msg);
-    if (was_empty) {
-        sc_cond_signal(&controller->msg_cond);
+    bool full = sc_vecdeque_is_full(&controller->queue);
+    if (!full) {
+        bool was_empty = sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&controller->queue);
+        sc_vecdeque_push_noresize(&controller->queue, *msg);
+        if (was_empty) {
+            sc_cond_signal(&controller->msg_cond);
+        }
     }
+    // Otherwise (if the queue is full), the msg is discarded
+
     sc_mutex_unlock(&controller->mutex);
-    return res;
+
+    return !full;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -82,7 +100,8 @@ run_controller(void *data) {
 
     for (;;) {
         sc_mutex_lock(&controller->mutex);
-        while (!controller->stopped && cbuf_is_empty(&controller->queue)) {
+        while (!controller->stopped
+                && sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&controller->queue)) {
             sc_cond_wait(&controller->msg_cond, &controller->mutex);
         }
         if (controller->stopped) {
@@ -90,10 +109,9 @@ run_controller(void *data) {
             sc_mutex_unlock(&controller->mutex);
             break;
         }
-        struct sc_control_msg msg;
-        bool non_empty = cbuf_take(&controller->queue, &msg);
-        assert(non_empty);
-        (void) non_empty;
+
+        assert(!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&controller->queue));
+        struct sc_control_msg msg = sc_vecdeque_pop(&controller->queue);
         sc_mutex_unlock(&controller->mutex);
 
         bool ok = process_msg(controller, &msg);

app/src/controller.h

@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@
 #include "control_msg.h"
 #include "receiver.h"
 #include "util/acksync.h"
-#include "util/cbuf.h"
 #include "util/net.h"
 #include "util/thread.h"
+#include "util/vecdeque.h"
 
-struct sc_control_msg_queue CBUF(struct sc_control_msg, 64);
+struct sc_control_msg_queue SC_VECDEQUE(struct sc_control_msg);
 
 struct sc_controller {
     sc_socket control_socket;

app/src/decoder.c

@@ -5,106 +5,34 @@
 #include <libavutil/channel_layout.h>
 
 #include "events.h"
-#include "video_buffer.h"
 #include "trait/frame_sink.h"
 #include "util/log.h"
 
 /** Downcast packet_sink to decoder */
 #define DOWNCAST(SINK) container_of(SINK, struct sc_decoder, packet_sink)
 
-static void
-sc_decoder_close_first_sinks(struct sc_decoder *decoder, unsigned count) {
-    while (count) {
-        struct sc_frame_sink *sink = decoder->sinks[--count];
-        sink->ops->close(sink);
-    }
-}
-
-static inline void
-sc_decoder_close_sinks(struct sc_decoder *decoder) {
-    sc_decoder_close_first_sinks(decoder, decoder->sink_count);
-}
-
 static bool
-sc_decoder_open_sinks(struct sc_decoder *decoder, const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < decoder->sink_count; ++i) {
-        struct sc_frame_sink *sink = decoder->sinks[i];
-        if (!sink->ops->open(sink, ctx)) {
-            sc_decoder_close_first_sinks(decoder, i);
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static bool
-sc_decoder_open(struct sc_decoder *decoder, const AVCodec *codec) {
-    decoder->codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
-    if (!decoder->codec_ctx) {
-        LOG_OOM();
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    decoder->codec_ctx->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_LOW_DELAY;
-
-    if (codec->type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
-        // Hardcoded video properties
-        decoder->codec_ctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
-    } else {
-        // Hardcoded audio properties
-#ifdef SCRCPY_LAVU_HAS_CHLAYOUT
-        decoder->codec_ctx->ch_layout =
-            (AVChannelLayout) AV_CHANNEL_LAYOUT_STEREO;
-#else
-        decoder->codec_ctx->channel_layout = AV_CH_LAYOUT_STEREO;
-        decoder->codec_ctx->channels = 2;
-#endif
-        decoder->codec_ctx->sample_rate = 48000;
-    }
-
-    if (avcodec_open2(decoder->codec_ctx, codec, NULL) < 0) {
-        LOGE("Decoder '%s': could not open codec", decoder->name);
-        avcodec_free_context(&decoder->codec_ctx);
-        return false;
-    }
-
+sc_decoder_open(struct sc_decoder *decoder, AVCodecContext *ctx) {
     decoder->frame = av_frame_alloc();
     if (!decoder->frame) {
         LOG_OOM();
-        avcodec_close(decoder->codec_ctx);
-        avcodec_free_context(&decoder->codec_ctx);
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (!sc_decoder_open_sinks(decoder, decoder->codec_ctx)) {
+    if (!sc_frame_source_sinks_open(&decoder->frame_source, ctx)) {
         av_frame_free(&decoder->frame);
-        avcodec_close(decoder->codec_ctx);
-        avcodec_free_context(&decoder->codec_ctx);
         return false;
     }
 
+    decoder->ctx = ctx;
+
     return true;
 }
 
 static void
 sc_decoder_close(struct sc_decoder *decoder) {
-    sc_decoder_close_sinks(decoder);
+    sc_frame_source_sinks_close(&decoder->frame_source);
     av_frame_free(&decoder->frame);
-    avcodec_close(decoder->codec_ctx);
-    avcodec_free_context(&decoder->codec_ctx);
-}
-
-static bool
-push_frame_to_sinks(struct sc_decoder *decoder, const AVFrame *frame) {
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < decoder->sink_count; ++i) {
-        struct sc_frame_sink *sink = decoder->sinks[i];
-        if (!sink->ops->push(sink, frame)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -115,33 +43,42 @@ sc_decoder_push(struct sc_decoder *decoder, const AVPacket *packet) {
         return true;
     }
 
-    int ret = avcodec_send_packet(decoder->codec_ctx, packet);
+    int ret = avcodec_send_packet(decoder->ctx, packet);
     if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
         LOGE("Decoder '%s': could not send video packet: %d",
              decoder->name, ret);
         return false;
     }
-    ret = avcodec_receive_frame(decoder->codec_ctx, decoder->frame);
-    if (!ret) {
-        // a frame was received
-        bool ok = push_frame_to_sinks(decoder, decoder->frame);
-        // A frame lost should not make the whole pipeline fail. The error, if
-        // any, is already logged.
-        (void) ok;
 
+    for (;;) {
+        ret = avcodec_receive_frame(decoder->ctx, decoder->frame);
+        if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (ret) {
+            LOGE("Decoder '%s', could not receive video frame: %d",
+                 decoder->name, ret);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // a frame was received
+        bool ok = sc_frame_source_sinks_push(&decoder->frame_source,
+                                             decoder->frame);
         av_frame_unref(decoder->frame);
-    } else if (ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
-        LOGE("Decoder '%s', could not receive video frame: %d",
-             decoder->name, ret);
-        return false;
+        if (!ok) {
+            // Error already logged
+            return false;
+        }
     }
+
     return true;
 }
 
 static bool
-sc_decoder_packet_sink_open(struct sc_packet_sink *sink, const AVCodec *codec) {
+sc_decoder_packet_sink_open(struct sc_packet_sink *sink, AVCodecContext *ctx) {
     struct sc_decoder *decoder = DOWNCAST(sink);
-    return sc_decoder_open(decoder, codec);
+    return sc_decoder_open(decoder, ctx);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -160,7 +97,7 @@ sc_decoder_packet_sink_push(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
 void
 sc_decoder_init(struct sc_decoder *decoder, const char *name) {
     decoder->name = name; // statically allocated
-    decoder->sink_count = 0;
+    sc_frame_source_init(&decoder->frame_source);
 
     static const struct sc_packet_sink_ops ops = {
         .open = sc_decoder_packet_sink_open,
@@ -170,11 +107,3 @@ sc_decoder_init(struct sc_decoder *decoder, const char *name) {
 
     decoder->packet_sink.ops = &ops;
 }
-
-void
-sc_decoder_add_sink(struct sc_decoder *decoder, struct sc_frame_sink *sink) {
-    assert(decoder->sink_count < SC_DECODER_MAX_SINKS);
-    assert(sink);
-    assert(sink->ops);
-    decoder->sinks[decoder->sink_count++] = sink;
-}

app/src/decoder.h

@@ -3,23 +3,20 @@
 
 #include "common.h"
 
+#include "trait/frame_source.h"
 #include "trait/packet_sink.h"
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
 
-#define SC_DECODER_MAX_SINKS 2
-
 struct sc_decoder {
     struct sc_packet_sink packet_sink; // packet sink trait
+    struct sc_frame_source frame_source; // frame source trait
 
     const char *name; // must be statically allocated (e.g. a string literal)
 
-    struct sc_frame_sink *sinks[SC_DECODER_MAX_SINKS];
-    unsigned sink_count;
-
-    AVCodecContext *codec_ctx;
+    AVCodecContext *ctx;
     AVFrame *frame;
 };
 
@@ -27,7 +24,4 @@ struct sc_decoder {
 void
 sc_decoder_init(struct sc_decoder *decoder, const char *name);
 
-void
-sc_decoder_add_sink(struct sc_decoder *decoder, struct sc_frame_sink *sink);
-
 #endif

app/src/delay_buffer.c

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+#include "delay_buffer.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <libavutil/avutil.h>
+#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
+
+#include "util/log.h"
+
+#define SC_BUFFERING_NDEBUG // comment to debug
+
+/** Downcast frame_sink to sc_delay_buffer */
+#define DOWNCAST(SINK) container_of(SINK, struct sc_delay_buffer, frame_sink)
+
+static bool
+sc_delayed_frame_init(struct sc_delayed_frame *dframe, const AVFrame *frame) {
+    dframe->frame = av_frame_alloc();
+    if (!dframe->frame) {
+        LOG_OOM();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (av_frame_ref(dframe->frame, frame)) {
+        LOG_OOM();
+        av_frame_free(&dframe->frame);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void
+sc_delayed_frame_destroy(struct sc_delayed_frame *dframe) {
+    av_frame_unref(dframe->frame);
+    av_frame_free(&dframe->frame);
+}
+
+static int
+run_buffering(void *data) {
+    struct sc_delay_buffer *db = data;
+
+    assert(db->delay > 0);
+
+    for (;;) {
+        sc_mutex_lock(&db->mutex);
+
+        while (!db->stopped && sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&db->queue)) {
+            sc_cond_wait(&db->queue_cond, &db->mutex);
+        }
+
+        if (db->stopped) {
+            sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+            goto stopped;
+        }
+
+        struct sc_delayed_frame dframe = sc_vecdeque_pop(&db->queue);
+
+        sc_tick max_deadline = sc_tick_now() + db->delay;
+        // PTS (written by the server) are expressed in microseconds
+        sc_tick pts = SC_TICK_FROM_US(dframe.frame->pts);
+
+        bool timed_out = false;
+        while (!db->stopped && !timed_out) {
+            sc_tick deadline = sc_clock_to_system_time(&db->clock, pts)
+                             + db->delay;
+            if (deadline > max_deadline) {
+                deadline = max_deadline;
+            }
+
+            timed_out =
+                !sc_cond_timedwait(&db->wait_cond, &db->mutex, deadline);
+        }
+
+        bool stopped = db->stopped;
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+
+        if (stopped) {
+            sc_delayed_frame_destroy(&dframe);
+            goto stopped;
+        }
+
+#ifndef SC_BUFFERING_NDEBUG
+        LOGD("Buffering: %" PRItick ";%" PRItick ";%" PRItick,
+             pts, dframe.push_date, sc_tick_now());
+#endif
+
+        bool ok = sc_frame_source_sinks_push(&db->frame_source, dframe.frame);
+        sc_delayed_frame_destroy(&dframe);
+        if (!ok) {
+            LOGE("Delayed frame could not be pushed, stopping");
+            sc_mutex_lock(&db->mutex);
+            // Prevent to push any new frame
+            db->stopped = true;
+            sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+            goto stopped;
+        }
+    }
+
+stopped:
+    assert(db->stopped);
+
+    // Flush queue
+    while (!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&db->queue)) {
+        struct sc_delayed_frame *dframe = sc_vecdeque_popref(&db->queue);
+        sc_delayed_frame_destroy(dframe);
+    }
+
+    LOGD("Buffering thread ended");
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static bool
+sc_delay_buffer_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
+                                const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
+    struct sc_delay_buffer *db = DOWNCAST(sink);
+    (void) ctx;
+
+    bool ok = sc_mutex_init(&db->mutex);
+    if (!ok) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    ok = sc_cond_init(&db->queue_cond);
+    if (!ok) {
+        goto error_destroy_mutex;
+    }
+
+    ok = sc_cond_init(&db->wait_cond);
+    if (!ok) {
+        goto error_destroy_queue_cond;
+    }
+
+    sc_clock_init(&db->clock);
+    sc_vecdeque_init(&db->queue);
+
+    if (!sc_frame_source_sinks_open(&db->frame_source, ctx)) {
+        goto error_destroy_wait_cond;
+    }
+
+    ok = sc_thread_create(&db->thread, run_buffering, "scrcpy-dbuf", db);
+    if (!ok) {
+        LOGE("Could not start buffering thread");
+        goto error_close_sinks;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+
+error_close_sinks:
+    sc_frame_source_sinks_close(&db->frame_source);
+error_destroy_wait_cond:
+    sc_cond_destroy(&db->wait_cond);
+error_destroy_queue_cond:
+    sc_cond_destroy(&db->queue_cond);
+error_destroy_mutex:
+    sc_mutex_destroy(&db->mutex);
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+static void
+sc_delay_buffer_frame_sink_close(struct sc_frame_sink *sink) {
+    struct sc_delay_buffer *db = DOWNCAST(sink);
+
+    sc_mutex_lock(&db->mutex);
+    db->stopped = true;
+    sc_cond_signal(&db->queue_cond);
+    sc_cond_signal(&db->wait_cond);
+    sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+
+    sc_thread_join(&db->thread, NULL);
+
+    sc_frame_source_sinks_close(&db->frame_source);
+
+    sc_cond_destroy(&db->wait_cond);
+    sc_cond_destroy(&db->queue_cond);
+    sc_mutex_destroy(&db->mutex);
+}
+
+static bool
+sc_delay_buffer_frame_sink_push(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
+                                const AVFrame *frame) {
+    struct sc_delay_buffer *db = DOWNCAST(sink);
+
+    sc_mutex_lock(&db->mutex);
+
+    if (db->stopped) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    sc_tick pts = SC_TICK_FROM_US(frame->pts);
+    sc_clock_update(&db->clock, sc_tick_now(), pts);
+    sc_cond_signal(&db->wait_cond);
+
+    if (db->first_frame_asap && db->clock.range == 1) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+        return sc_frame_source_sinks_push(&db->frame_source, frame);
+    }
+
+    struct sc_delayed_frame dframe;
+    bool ok = sc_delayed_frame_init(&dframe, frame);
+    if (!ok) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+#ifndef SC_BUFFERING_NDEBUG
+    dframe.push_date = sc_tick_now();
+#endif
+
+    ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&db->queue, dframe);
+    if (!ok) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+        LOG_OOM();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    sc_cond_signal(&db->queue_cond);
+
+    sc_mutex_unlock(&db->mutex);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+sc_delay_buffer_init(struct sc_delay_buffer *db, sc_tick delay,
+                     bool first_frame_asap) {
+    assert(delay > 0);
+
+    db->delay = delay;
+    db->first_frame_asap = first_frame_asap;
+
+    sc_frame_source_init(&db->frame_source);
+
+    static const struct sc_frame_sink_ops ops = {
+        .open = sc_delay_buffer_frame_sink_open,
+        .close = sc_delay_buffer_frame_sink_close,
+        .push = sc_delay_buffer_frame_sink_push,
+    };
+
+    db->frame_sink.ops = &ops;
+}

app/src/delay_buffer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#ifndef SC_DELAY_BUFFER_H
+#define SC_DELAY_BUFFER_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include "clock.h"
+#include "trait/frame_source.h"
+#include "trait/frame_sink.h"
+#include "util/thread.h"
+#include "util/tick.h"
+#include "util/vecdeque.h"
+
+// forward declarations
+typedef struct AVFrame AVFrame;
+
+struct sc_delayed_frame {
+    AVFrame *frame;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+    sc_tick push_date;
+#endif
+};
+
+struct sc_delayed_frame_queue SC_VECDEQUE(struct sc_delayed_frame);
+
+struct sc_delay_buffer {
+    struct sc_frame_source frame_source; // frame source trait
+    struct sc_frame_sink frame_sink; // frame sink trait
+
+    sc_tick delay;
+    bool first_frame_asap;
+
+    sc_thread thread;
+    sc_mutex mutex;
+    sc_cond queue_cond;
+    sc_cond wait_cond;
+
+    struct sc_clock clock;
+    struct sc_delayed_frame_queue queue;
+    bool stopped;
+};
+
+struct sc_delay_buffer_callbacks {
+    bool (*on_new_frame)(struct sc_delay_buffer *db, const AVFrame *frame,
+                         void *userdata);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Initialize a delay buffer.
+ *
+ * \param delay a (strictly) positive delay
+ * \param first_frame_asap if true, do not delay the first frame (useful for
+                           a video stream).
+ */
+void
+sc_delay_buffer_init(struct sc_delay_buffer *db, sc_tick delay,
+                     bool first_frame_asap);
+
+#endif

app/src/demuxer.c

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "demuxer.h"
 
 #include <assert.h>
+#include <libavutil/channel_layout.h>
 #include <libavutil/time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ sc_demuxer_to_avcodec_id(uint32_t codec_id) {
 #define SC_CODEC_ID_AV1 UINT32_C(0x00617631) // "av1" in ASCII
 #define SC_CODEC_ID_OPUS UINT32_C(0x6f707573) // "opus" in ASCII
 #define SC_CODEC_ID_AAC UINT32_C(0x00616163) // "aac in ASCII"
+#define SC_CODEC_ID_RAW UINT32_C(0x00726177) // "raw" in ASCII
     switch (codec_id) {
         case SC_CODEC_ID_H264:
             return AV_CODEC_ID_H264;
@@ -36,6 +38,8 @@ sc_demuxer_to_avcodec_id(uint32_t codec_id) {
             return AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS;
         case SC_CODEC_ID_AAC:
             return AV_CODEC_ID_AAC;
+        case SC_CODEC_ID_RAW:
+            return AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S16LE;
         default:
             LOGE("Unknown codec id 0x%08" PRIx32, codec_id);
             return AV_CODEC_ID_NONE;
@@ -54,6 +58,20 @@ sc_demuxer_recv_codec_id(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, uint32_t *codec_id) {
     return true;
 }
 
+static bool
+sc_demuxer_recv_video_size(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, uint32_t *width,
+                           uint32_t *height) {
+    uint8_t data[8];
+    ssize_t r = net_recv_all(demuxer->socket, data, 8);
+    if (r < 8) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    *width = sc_read32be(data);
+    *height = sc_read32be(data + 4);
+    return true;
+}
+
 static bool
 sc_demuxer_recv_packet(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, AVPacket *packet) {
     // The video stream contains raw packets, without time information. When we
@@ -112,86 +130,26 @@ sc_demuxer_recv_packet(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, AVPacket *packet) {
     return true;
 }
 
-static bool
-push_packet_to_sinks(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, const AVPacket *packet) {
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < demuxer->sink_count; ++i) {
-        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = demuxer->sinks[i];
-        if (!sink->ops->push(sink, packet)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static bool
-sc_demuxer_push_packet(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, AVPacket *packet) {
-    bool ok = push_packet_to_sinks(demuxer, packet);
-    if (!ok) {
-        LOGE("Demuxer '%s': could not process packet", demuxer->name);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static void
-sc_demuxer_close_first_sinks(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, unsigned count) {
-    while (count) {
-        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = demuxer->sinks[--count];
-        sink->ops->close(sink);
-    }
-}
-
-static inline void
-sc_demuxer_close_sinks(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer) {
-    sc_demuxer_close_first_sinks(demuxer, demuxer->sink_count);
-}
-
-static bool
-sc_demuxer_open_sinks(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, const AVCodec *codec) {
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < demuxer->sink_count; ++i) {
-        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = demuxer->sinks[i];
-        if (!sink->ops->open(sink, codec)) {
-            sc_demuxer_close_first_sinks(demuxer, i);
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static void
-sc_demuxer_disable_sinks(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer) {
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < demuxer->sink_count; ++i) {
-        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = demuxer->sinks[i];
-        if (sink->ops->disable) {
-            sink->ops->disable(sink);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 static int
 run_demuxer(void *data) {
     struct sc_demuxer *demuxer = data;
 
     // Flag to report end-of-stream (i.e. device disconnected)
-    bool eos = false;
+    enum sc_demuxer_status status = SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_ERROR;
 
     uint32_t raw_codec_id;
     bool ok = sc_demuxer_recv_codec_id(demuxer, &raw_codec_id);
     if (!ok) {
         LOGE("Demuxer '%s': stream disabled due to connection error",
              demuxer->name);
-        eos = true;
         goto end;
     }
 
     if (raw_codec_id == 0) {
         LOGW("Demuxer '%s': stream explicitly disabled by the device",
              demuxer->name);
-        sc_demuxer_disable_sinks(demuxer);
-        eos = true;
+        sc_packet_source_sinks_disable(&demuxer->packet_source);
+        status = SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_DISABLED;
         goto end;
     }
 
@@ -205,7 +163,7 @@ run_demuxer(void *data) {
     if (codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_NONE) {
         LOGE("Demuxer '%s': stream disabled due to unsupported codec",
              demuxer->name);
-        sc_demuxer_disable_sinks(demuxer);
+        sc_packet_source_sinks_disable(&demuxer->packet_source);
         goto end;
     }
 
@@ -213,14 +171,49 @@ run_demuxer(void *data) {
     if (!codec) {
         LOGE("Demuxer '%s': stream disabled due to missing decoder",
              demuxer->name);
-        sc_demuxer_disable_sinks(demuxer);
+        sc_packet_source_sinks_disable(&demuxer->packet_source);
         goto end;
     }
 
-    if (!sc_demuxer_open_sinks(demuxer, codec)) {
+    AVCodecContext *codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
+    if (!codec_ctx) {
+        LOG_OOM();
         goto end;
     }
 
+    codec_ctx->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_LOW_DELAY;
+
+    if (codec->type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
+        uint32_t width;
+        uint32_t height;
+        ok = sc_demuxer_recv_video_size(demuxer, &width, &height);
+        if (!ok) {
+            goto finally_free_context;
+        }
+
+        codec_ctx->width = width;
+        codec_ctx->height = height;
+        codec_ctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
+    } else {
+        // Hardcoded audio properties
+#ifdef SCRCPY_LAVU_HAS_CHLAYOUT
+        codec_ctx->ch_layout = (AVChannelLayout) AV_CHANNEL_LAYOUT_STEREO;
+#else
+        codec_ctx->channel_layout = AV_CH_LAYOUT_STEREO;
+        codec_ctx->channels = 2;
+#endif
+        codec_ctx->sample_rate = 48000;
+    }
+
+    if (avcodec_open2(codec_ctx, codec, NULL) < 0) {
+        LOGE("Demuxer '%s': could not open codec", demuxer->name);
+        goto finally_free_context;
+    }
+
+    if (!sc_packet_source_sinks_open(&demuxer->packet_source, codec_ctx)) {
+        goto finally_free_context;
+    }
+
     // Config packets must be merged with the next non-config packet only for
     // video streams
     bool must_merge_config_packet = codec->type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
@@ -241,7 +234,7 @@ run_demuxer(void *data) {
         bool ok = sc_demuxer_recv_packet(demuxer, packet);
         if (!ok) {
             // end of stream
-            eos = true;
+            status = SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_EOS;
             break;
         }
 
@@ -254,10 +247,10 @@ run_demuxer(void *data) {
             }
         }
 
-        ok = sc_demuxer_push_packet(demuxer, packet);
+        ok = sc_packet_source_sinks_push(&demuxer->packet_source, packet);
         av_packet_unref(packet);
         if (!ok) {
-            // cannot process packet (error already logged)
+            // The sink already logged its concrete error
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -270,9 +263,12 @@ run_demuxer(void *data) {
 
     av_packet_free(&packet);
 finally_close_sinks:
-    sc_demuxer_close_sinks(demuxer);
+    sc_packet_source_sinks_close(&demuxer->packet_source);
+finally_free_context:
+    // This also calls avcodec_close() internally
+    avcodec_free_context(&codec_ctx);
 end:
-    demuxer->cbs->on_ended(demuxer, eos, demuxer->cbs_userdata);
+    demuxer->cbs->on_ended(demuxer, status, demuxer->cbs_userdata);
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -284,7 +280,7 @@ sc_demuxer_init(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, const char *name, sc_socket socket,
 
     demuxer->name = name; // statically allocated
     demuxer->socket = socket;
-    demuxer->sink_count = 0;
+    sc_packet_source_init(&demuxer->packet_source);
 
     assert(cbs && cbs->on_ended);
 
@@ -292,14 +288,6 @@ sc_demuxer_init(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, const char *name, sc_socket socket,
     demuxer->cbs_userdata = cbs_userdata;
 }
 
-void
-sc_demuxer_add_sink(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, struct sc_packet_sink *sink) {
-    assert(demuxer->sink_count < SC_DEMUXER_MAX_SINKS);
-    assert(sink);
-    assert(sink->ops);
-    demuxer->sinks[demuxer->sink_count++] = sink;
-}
-
 bool
 sc_demuxer_start(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer) {
     LOGD("Demuxer '%s': starting thread", demuxer->name);

app/src/demuxer.h

@@ -8,27 +8,32 @@
 #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
 
+#include "trait/packet_source.h"
 #include "trait/packet_sink.h"
 #include "util/net.h"
 #include "util/thread.h"
 
-#define SC_DEMUXER_MAX_SINKS 2
-
 struct sc_demuxer {
+    struct sc_packet_source packet_source; // packet source trait
+
     const char *name; // must be statically allocated (e.g. a string literal)
 
     sc_socket socket;
     sc_thread thread;
 
-    struct sc_packet_sink *sinks[SC_DEMUXER_MAX_SINKS];
-    unsigned sink_count;
-
     const struct sc_demuxer_callbacks *cbs;
     void *cbs_userdata;
 };
 
+enum sc_demuxer_status {
+    SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_EOS,
+    SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_DISABLED,
+    SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_ERROR,
+};
+
 struct sc_demuxer_callbacks {
-    void (*on_ended)(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, bool eos, void *userdata);
+    void (*on_ended)(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, enum sc_demuxer_status,
+                     void *userdata);
 };
 
 // The name must be statically allocated (e.g. a string literal)
@@ -36,9 +41,6 @@ void
 sc_demuxer_init(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, const char *name, sc_socket socket,
                 const struct sc_demuxer_callbacks *cbs, void *cbs_userdata);
 
-void
-sc_demuxer_add_sink(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, struct sc_packet_sink *sink);
-
 bool
 sc_demuxer_start(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer);
 

app/src/events.h

@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@
 #define SC_EVENT_USB_DEVICE_DISCONNECTED  (SDL_USEREVENT + 4)
 #define SC_EVENT_DEMUXER_ERROR            (SDL_USEREVENT + 5)
 #define SC_EVENT_RECORDER_ERROR           (SDL_USEREVENT + 6)
+#define SC_EVENT_SCREEN_INIT_SIZE         (SDL_USEREVENT + 7)

app/src/file_pusher.c

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ sc_file_pusher_init(struct sc_file_pusher *fp, const char *serial,
                     const char *push_target) {
     assert(serial);
 
-    cbuf_init(&fp->queue);
+    sc_vecdeque_init(&fp->queue);
 
     bool ok = sc_mutex_init(&fp->mutex);
     if (!ok) {
@@ -65,9 +65,10 @@ sc_file_pusher_destroy(struct sc_file_pusher *fp) {
     sc_intr_destroy(&fp->intr);
     free(fp->serial);
 
-    struct sc_file_pusher_request req;
-    while (cbuf_take(&fp->queue, &req)) {
-        sc_file_pusher_request_destroy(&req);
+    while (!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&fp->queue)) {
+        struct sc_file_pusher_request *req = sc_vecdeque_popref(&fp->queue);
+        assert(req);
+        sc_file_pusher_request_destroy(req);
     }
 }
 
@@ -91,13 +92,20 @@ sc_file_pusher_request(struct sc_file_pusher *fp,
     };
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&fp->mutex);
-    bool was_empty = cbuf_is_empty(&fp->queue);
-    bool res = cbuf_push(&fp->queue, req);
+    bool was_empty = sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&fp->queue);
+    bool res = sc_vecdeque_push(&fp->queue, req);
+    if (!res) {
+        LOG_OOM();
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&fp->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
+
     if (was_empty) {
         sc_cond_signal(&fp->event_cond);
     }
     sc_mutex_unlock(&fp->mutex);
-    return res;
+
+    return true;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -113,7 +121,7 @@ run_file_pusher(void *data) {
 
     for (;;) {
         sc_mutex_lock(&fp->mutex);
-        while (!fp->stopped && cbuf_is_empty(&fp->queue)) {
+        while (!fp->stopped && sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&fp->queue)) {
             sc_cond_wait(&fp->event_cond, &fp->mutex);
         }
         if (fp->stopped) {
@@ -121,10 +129,9 @@ run_file_pusher(void *data) {
             sc_mutex_unlock(&fp->mutex);
             break;
         }
-        struct sc_file_pusher_request req;
-        bool non_empty = cbuf_take(&fp->queue, &req);
-        assert(non_empty);
-        (void) non_empty;
+
+        assert(!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&fp->queue));
+        struct sc_file_pusher_request req = sc_vecdeque_pop(&fp->queue);
         sc_mutex_unlock(&fp->mutex);
 
         if (req.action == SC_FILE_PUSHER_ACTION_INSTALL_APK) {
@@ -165,14 +172,18 @@ sc_file_pusher_start(struct sc_file_pusher *fp) {
 
 void
 sc_file_pusher_stop(struct sc_file_pusher *fp) {
-    sc_mutex_lock(&fp->mutex);
-    fp->stopped = true;
-    sc_cond_signal(&fp->event_cond);
-    sc_intr_interrupt(&fp->intr);
-    sc_mutex_unlock(&fp->mutex);
+    if (fp->initialized) {
+        sc_mutex_lock(&fp->mutex);
+        fp->stopped = true;
+        sc_cond_signal(&fp->event_cond);
+        sc_intr_interrupt(&fp->intr);
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&fp->mutex);
+    }
 }
 
 void
 sc_file_pusher_join(struct sc_file_pusher *fp) {
-    sc_thread_join(&fp->thread, NULL);
+    if (fp->initialized) {
+        sc_thread_join(&fp->thread, NULL);
+    }
 }

app/src/file_pusher.h

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 
-#include "util/cbuf.h"
-#include "util/thread.h"
 #include "util/intr.h"
+#include "util/thread.h"
+#include "util/vecdeque.h"
 
 enum sc_file_pusher_action {
     SC_FILE_PUSHER_ACTION_INSTALL_APK,
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ struct sc_file_pusher_request {
     char *file;
 };
 
-struct sc_file_pusher_request_queue CBUF(struct sc_file_pusher_request, 16);
+struct sc_file_pusher_request_queue SC_VECDEQUE(struct sc_file_pusher_request);
 
 struct sc_file_pusher {
     char *serial;

app/src/fps_counter.c

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ run_fps_counter(void *data) {
 bool
 sc_fps_counter_start(struct sc_fps_counter *counter) {
     sc_mutex_lock(&counter->mutex);
+    counter->interrupted = false;
     counter->next_timestamp = sc_tick_now() + SC_FPS_COUNTER_INTERVAL;
     counter->nr_rendered = 0;
     counter->nr_skipped = 0;

app/src/options.c

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ const struct scrcpy_options scrcpy_options_default = {
     .display_id = 0,
     .display_buffer = 0,
     .v4l2_buffer = 0,
+    .audio_buffer = SC_TICK_FROM_MS(50),
+    .audio_output_buffer = SC_TICK_FROM_MS(5),
 #ifdef HAVE_USB
     .otg = false,
 #endif
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@ const struct scrcpy_options scrcpy_options_default = {
     .start_fps_counter = false,
     .power_on = true,
     .audio = true,
+    .require_audio = false,
     .list_encoders = false,
     .list_displays = false,
 };

app/src/options.h

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ enum sc_codec {
     SC_CODEC_AV1,
     SC_CODEC_OPUS,
     SC_CODEC_AAC,
+    SC_CODEC_RAW,
 };
 
 enum sc_lock_video_orientation {
@@ -125,6 +126,8 @@ struct scrcpy_options {
     uint32_t display_id;
     sc_tick display_buffer;
     sc_tick v4l2_buffer;
+    sc_tick audio_buffer;
+    sc_tick audio_output_buffer;
 #ifdef HAVE_USB
     bool otg;
 #endif
@@ -154,6 +157,7 @@ struct scrcpy_options {
     bool start_fps_counter;
     bool power_on;
     bool audio;
+    bool require_audio;
     bool list_encoders;
     bool list_displays;
 };

app/src/recorder.c

@@ -33,41 +33,27 @@ find_muxer(const char *name) {
     return oformat;
 }
 
-static struct sc_record_packet *
-sc_record_packet_new(const AVPacket *packet) {
-    struct sc_record_packet *rec = malloc(sizeof(*rec));
-    if (!rec) {
+static AVPacket *
+sc_recorder_packet_ref(const AVPacket *packet) {
+    AVPacket *p = av_packet_alloc();
+    if (!p) {
         LOG_OOM();
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    rec->packet = av_packet_alloc();
-    if (!rec->packet) {
-        LOG_OOM();
-        free(rec);
+    if (av_packet_ref(p, packet)) {
+        av_packet_free(&p);
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    if (av_packet_ref(rec->packet, packet)) {
-        av_packet_free(&rec->packet);
-        free(rec);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    return rec;
-}
-
-static void
-sc_record_packet_delete(struct sc_record_packet *rec) {
-    av_packet_free(&rec->packet);
-    free(rec);
+    return p;
 }
 
 static void
 sc_recorder_queue_clear(struct sc_recorder_queue *queue) {
-    while (!sc_queue_is_empty(queue)) {
-        struct sc_record_packet *rec;
-        sc_queue_take(queue, next, &rec);
-        sc_record_packet_delete(rec);
+    while (!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(queue)) {
+        AVPacket *p = sc_vecdeque_pop(queue);
+        av_packet_free(&p);
     }
 }
 
@@ -164,80 +150,14 @@ sc_recorder_close_output_file(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
     avformat_free_context(recorder->ctx);
 }
 
-static bool
-sc_recorder_wait_video_stream(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
-    sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
-    while (!recorder->video_codec && !recorder->stopped) {
-        sc_cond_wait(&recorder->stream_cond, &recorder->mutex);
-    }
-    const AVCodec *codec = recorder->video_codec;
-    sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
-
-    if (codec) {
-        AVStream *stream = avformat_new_stream(recorder->ctx, codec);
-        if (!stream) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        stream->codecpar->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
-        stream->codecpar->codec_id = codec->id;
-        stream->codecpar->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
-        stream->codecpar->width = recorder->declared_frame_size.width;
-        stream->codecpar->height = recorder->declared_frame_size.height;
-
-        recorder->video_stream_index = stream->index;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static bool
-sc_recorder_wait_audio_stream(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
-    sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
-    while (!recorder->audio_codec && !recorder->audio_disabled
-            && !recorder->stopped) {
-        sc_cond_wait(&recorder->stream_cond, &recorder->mutex);
-    }
-
-    if (recorder->audio_disabled) {
-        // Reset audio flag. From there, the recorder thread may access this
-        // flag without any mutex.
-        recorder->audio = false;
-    }
-
-    const AVCodec *codec = recorder->audio_codec;
-    sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
-
-    if (codec) {
-        AVStream *stream = avformat_new_stream(recorder->ctx, codec);
-        if (!stream) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        stream->codecpar->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;
-        stream->codecpar->codec_id = codec->id;
-#ifdef SCRCPY_LAVU_HAS_CHLAYOUT
-        stream->codecpar->ch_layout.nb_channels = 2;
-#else
-        stream->codecpar->channel_layout = AV_CH_LAYOUT_STEREO;
-        stream->codecpar->channels = 2;
-#endif
-        stream->codecpar->sample_rate = 48000;
-
-        recorder->audio_stream_index = stream->index;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
 static inline bool
 sc_recorder_has_empty_queues(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
-    if (sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
+    if (sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
         // The video queue is empty
         return true;
     }
 
-    if (recorder->audio && sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
+    if (recorder->audio && sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
         // The audio queue is empty (when audio is enabled)
         return true;
     }
@@ -250,31 +170,33 @@ static bool
 sc_recorder_process_header(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
 
-    while (!recorder->stopped && sc_recorder_has_empty_queues(recorder)) {
-        sc_cond_wait(&recorder->queue_cond, &recorder->mutex);
+    while (!recorder->stopped && (!recorder->video_init
+                               || !recorder->audio_init
+                               || sc_recorder_has_empty_queues(recorder))) {
+        sc_cond_wait(&recorder->stream_cond, &recorder->mutex);
     }
 
-    if (recorder->stopped && sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
+    if (sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
+        assert(recorder->stopped);
         // If the recorder is stopped, don't process anything if there are not
         // at least video packets
         sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
         return false;
     }
 
-    struct sc_record_packet *video_pkt;
-    sc_queue_take(&recorder->video_queue, next, &video_pkt);
+    AVPacket *video_pkt = sc_vecdeque_pop(&recorder->video_queue);
 
-    struct sc_record_packet *audio_pkt = NULL;
-    if (!sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
+    AVPacket *audio_pkt = NULL;
+    if (!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
         assert(recorder->audio);
-        sc_queue_take(&recorder->audio_queue, next, &audio_pkt);
+        audio_pkt = sc_vecdeque_pop(&recorder->audio_queue);
     }
 
     sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
 
     int ret = false;
 
-    if (video_pkt->packet->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
+    if (video_pkt->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
         LOGE("The first video packet is not a config packet");
         goto end;
     }
@@ -282,13 +204,13 @@ sc_recorder_process_header(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
     assert(recorder->video_stream_index >= 0);
     AVStream *video_stream =
         recorder->ctx->streams[recorder->video_stream_index];
-    bool ok = sc_recorder_set_extradata(video_stream, video_pkt->packet);
+    bool ok = sc_recorder_set_extradata(video_stream, video_pkt);
     if (!ok) {
         goto end;
     }
 
     if (audio_pkt) {
-        if (audio_pkt->packet->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
+        if (audio_pkt->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
             LOGE("The first audio packet is not a config packet");
             goto end;
         }
@@ -296,7 +218,7 @@ sc_recorder_process_header(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
         assert(recorder->audio_stream_index >= 0);
         AVStream *audio_stream =
             recorder->ctx->streams[recorder->audio_stream_index];
-        ok = sc_recorder_set_extradata(audio_stream, audio_pkt->packet);
+        ok = sc_recorder_set_extradata(audio_stream, audio_pkt);
         if (!ok) {
             goto end;
         }
@@ -311,9 +233,9 @@ sc_recorder_process_header(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
     ret = true;
 
 end:
-    sc_record_packet_delete(video_pkt);
+    av_packet_free(&video_pkt);
     if (audio_pkt) {
-        sc_record_packet_delete(audio_pkt);
+        av_packet_free(&audio_pkt);
     }
 
     return ret;
@@ -328,12 +250,12 @@ sc_recorder_process_packets(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
         return false;
     }
 
-    struct sc_record_packet *video_pkt = NULL;
-    struct sc_record_packet *audio_pkt = NULL;
+    AVPacket *video_pkt = NULL;
+    AVPacket *audio_pkt = NULL;
 
     // We can write a video packet only once we received the next one so that
     // we can set its duration (next_pts - current_pts)
-    struct sc_record_packet *video_pkt_previous = NULL;
+    AVPacket *video_pkt_previous = NULL;
 
     bool error = false;
 
@@ -341,12 +263,12 @@ sc_recorder_process_packets(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
         sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
 
         while (!recorder->stopped) {
-            if (!video_pkt && !sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
+            if (!video_pkt && !sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
                 // A new packet may be assigned to video_pkt and be processed
                 break;
             }
             if (recorder->audio && !audio_pkt
-                    && !sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
+                    && !sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
                 // A new packet may be assigned to audio_pkt and be processed
                 break;
             }
@@ -358,20 +280,20 @@ sc_recorder_process_packets(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
 
         // If there is no audio, then the audio_queue will remain empty forever
         // and audio_pkt will always be NULL.
-        assert(recorder->audio
-                || (!audio_pkt && sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)));
+        assert(recorder->audio || (!audio_pkt
+                && sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)));
 
-        if (!video_pkt && !sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
-            sc_queue_take(&recorder->video_queue, next, &video_pkt);
+        if (!video_pkt && !sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue)) {
+            video_pkt = sc_vecdeque_pop(&recorder->video_queue);
         }
 
-        if (!audio_pkt && !sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
-            sc_queue_take(&recorder->audio_queue, next, &audio_pkt);
+        if (!audio_pkt && !sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue)) {
+            audio_pkt = sc_vecdeque_pop(&recorder->audio_queue);
         }
 
         if (recorder->stopped && !video_pkt && !audio_pkt) {
-            assert(sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue));
-            assert(sc_queue_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue));
+            assert(sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->video_queue));
+            assert(sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&recorder->audio_queue));
             sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
             break;
         }
@@ -383,38 +305,32 @@ sc_recorder_process_packets(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
         // Ignore further config packets (e.g. on device orientation
         // change). The next non-config packet will have the config packet
         // data prepended.
-        if (video_pkt && video_pkt->packet->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
-            sc_record_packet_delete(video_pkt);
+        if (video_pkt && video_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
+            av_packet_free(&video_pkt);
             video_pkt = NULL;
         }
 
-        if (audio_pkt && audio_pkt->packet->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
-            sc_record_packet_delete(audio_pkt);
-            audio_pkt= NULL;
+        if (audio_pkt && audio_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
+            av_packet_free(&audio_pkt);
+            audio_pkt = NULL;
         }
 
         if (pts_origin == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
             if (!recorder->audio) {
                 assert(video_pkt);
-                pts_origin = video_pkt->packet->pts;
+                pts_origin = video_pkt->pts;
             } else if (video_pkt && audio_pkt) {
-                pts_origin =
-                    MIN(video_pkt->packet->pts, audio_pkt->packet->pts);
+                pts_origin = MIN(video_pkt->pts, audio_pkt->pts);
             } else if (recorder->stopped) {
                 if (video_pkt) {
                     // The recorder is stopped without audio, record the video
                     // packets
-                    pts_origin = video_pkt->packet->pts;
+                    pts_origin = video_pkt->pts;
                 } else {
                     // Fail if there is no video
                     error = true;
                     goto end;
                 }
-                // If the recorder is stopped while one of the streams has no
-                // packets, then we must avoid a live-loop and correctly record
-                // the stream having packets.
-                pts_origin = video_pkt ? video_pkt->packet->pts
-                                       : audio_pkt->packet->pts;
             } else {
                 // We need both video and audio packets to initialize pts_origin
                 continue;
@@ -424,17 +340,16 @@ sc_recorder_process_packets(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
         assert(pts_origin != AV_NOPTS_VALUE);
 
         if (video_pkt) {
-            video_pkt->packet->pts -= pts_origin;
-            video_pkt->packet->dts = video_pkt->packet->pts;
+            video_pkt->pts -= pts_origin;
+            video_pkt->dts = video_pkt->pts;
 
             if (video_pkt_previous) {
                 // we now know the duration of the previous packet
-                video_pkt_previous->packet->duration =
-                    video_pkt->packet->pts - video_pkt_previous->packet->pts;
+                video_pkt_previous->duration = video_pkt->pts
+                                             - video_pkt_previous->pts;
 
-                bool ok = sc_recorder_write_video(recorder,
-                                                  video_pkt_previous->packet);
-                sc_record_packet_delete(video_pkt_previous);
+                bool ok = sc_recorder_write_video(recorder, video_pkt_previous);
+                av_packet_free(&video_pkt_previous);
                 if (!ok) {
                     LOGE("Could not record video packet");
                     error = true;
@@ -447,34 +362,34 @@ sc_recorder_process_packets(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
         }
 
         if (audio_pkt) {
-            audio_pkt->packet->pts -= pts_origin;
-            audio_pkt->packet->dts = audio_pkt->packet->pts;
+            audio_pkt->pts -= pts_origin;
+            audio_pkt->dts = audio_pkt->pts;
 
-            bool ok = sc_recorder_write_audio(recorder, audio_pkt->packet);
+            bool ok = sc_recorder_write_audio(recorder, audio_pkt);
             if (!ok) {
                 LOGE("Could not record audio packet");
                 error = true;
                 goto end;
             }
 
-            sc_record_packet_delete(audio_pkt);
+            av_packet_free(&audio_pkt);
             audio_pkt = NULL;
         }
     }
 
     // Write the last video packet
-    struct sc_record_packet *last = video_pkt_previous;
+    AVPacket *last = video_pkt_previous;
     if (last) {
         // assign an arbitrary duration to the last packet
-        last->packet->duration = 100000;
-        bool ok = sc_recorder_write_video(recorder, last->packet);
+        last->duration = 100000;
+        bool ok = sc_recorder_write_video(recorder, last);
         if (!ok) {
             // failing to write the last frame is not very serious, no
             // future frame may depend on it, so the resulting file
             // will still be valid
             LOGW("Could not record last packet");
         }
-        sc_record_packet_delete(last);
+        av_packet_free(&last);
     }
 
     int ret = av_write_trailer(recorder->ctx);
@@ -485,10 +400,10 @@ sc_recorder_process_packets(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
 
 end:
     if (video_pkt) {
-        sc_record_packet_delete(video_pkt);
+        av_packet_free(&video_pkt);
     }
     if (audio_pkt) {
-        sc_record_packet_delete(audio_pkt);
+        av_packet_free(&audio_pkt);
     }
 
     return !error;
@@ -501,22 +416,6 @@ sc_recorder_record(struct sc_recorder *recorder) {
         return false;
     }
 
-    ok = sc_recorder_wait_video_stream(recorder);
-    if (!ok) {
-        sc_recorder_close_output_file(recorder);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (recorder->audio) {
-        ok = sc_recorder_wait_audio_stream(recorder);
-        if (!ok) {
-            sc_recorder_close_output_file(recorder);
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // If recorder->stopped, process any queued packet anyway
-
     ok = sc_recorder_process_packets(recorder);
     sc_recorder_close_output_file(recorder);
     return ok;
@@ -526,6 +425,10 @@ static int
 run_recorder(void *data) {
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = data;
 
+    // Recording is a background task
+    bool ok = sc_thread_set_priority(SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_LOW);
+    (void) ok; // We don't care if it worked
+
     bool success = sc_recorder_record(recorder);
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
@@ -533,6 +436,7 @@ run_recorder(void *data) {
     recorder->stopped = true;
     // Discard pending packets
     sc_recorder_queue_clear(&recorder->video_queue);
+    sc_recorder_queue_clear(&recorder->audio_queue);
     sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
 
     if (success) {
@@ -552,9 +456,10 @@ run_recorder(void *data) {
 
 static bool
 sc_recorder_video_packet_sink_open(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
-                                   const AVCodec *codec) {
+                                   AVCodecContext *ctx) {
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = DOWNCAST_VIDEO(sink);
-    assert(codec);
+    // only written from this thread, no need to lock
+    assert(!recorder->video_init);
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
     if (recorder->stopped) {
@@ -562,7 +467,21 @@ sc_recorder_video_packet_sink_open(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
         return false;
     }
 
-    recorder->video_codec = codec;
+    AVStream *stream = avformat_new_stream(recorder->ctx, ctx->codec);
+    if (!stream) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int r = avcodec_parameters_from_context(stream->codecpar, ctx);
+    if (r < 0) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    recorder->video_stream_index = stream->index;
+
+    recorder->video_init = true;
     sc_cond_signal(&recorder->stream_cond);
     sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
 
@@ -572,6 +491,8 @@ sc_recorder_video_packet_sink_open(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
 static void
 sc_recorder_video_packet_sink_close(struct sc_packet_sink *sink) {
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = DOWNCAST_VIDEO(sink);
+    // only written from this thread, no need to lock
+    assert(recorder->video_init);
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
     // EOS also stops the recorder
@@ -584,6 +505,8 @@ static bool
 sc_recorder_video_packet_sink_push(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
                                    const AVPacket *packet) {
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = DOWNCAST_VIDEO(sink);
+    // only written from this thread, no need to lock
+    assert(recorder->video_init);
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
 
@@ -593,16 +516,22 @@ sc_recorder_video_packet_sink_push(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
         return false;
     }
 
-    struct sc_record_packet *rec = sc_record_packet_new(packet);
+    AVPacket *rec = sc_recorder_packet_ref(packet);
     if (!rec) {
         LOG_OOM();
         sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
         return false;
     }
 
-    rec->packet->stream_index = 0;
+    rec->stream_index = recorder->video_stream_index;
+
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&recorder->video_queue, rec);
+    if (!ok) {
+        LOG_OOM();
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
 
-    sc_queue_push(&recorder->video_queue, next, rec);
     sc_cond_signal(&recorder->queue_cond);
 
     sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
@@ -611,15 +540,29 @@ sc_recorder_video_packet_sink_push(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
 
 static bool
 sc_recorder_audio_packet_sink_open(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
-                                   const AVCodec *codec) {
+                                   AVCodecContext *ctx) {
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = DOWNCAST_AUDIO(sink);
     assert(recorder->audio);
     // only written from this thread, no need to lock
-    assert(!recorder->audio_disabled);
-    assert(codec);
+    assert(!recorder->audio_init);
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
-    recorder->audio_codec = codec;
+
+    AVStream *stream = avformat_new_stream(recorder->ctx, ctx->codec);
+    if (!stream) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int r = avcodec_parameters_from_context(stream->codecpar, ctx);
+    if (r < 0) {
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    recorder->audio_stream_index = stream->index;
+
+    recorder->audio_init = true;
     sc_cond_signal(&recorder->stream_cond);
     sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
 
@@ -631,7 +574,7 @@ sc_recorder_audio_packet_sink_close(struct sc_packet_sink *sink) {
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = DOWNCAST_AUDIO(sink);
     assert(recorder->audio);
     // only written from this thread, no need to lock
-    assert(!recorder->audio_disabled);
+    assert(recorder->audio_init);
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
     // EOS also stops the recorder
@@ -646,7 +589,7 @@ sc_recorder_audio_packet_sink_push(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = DOWNCAST_AUDIO(sink);
     assert(recorder->audio);
     // only written from this thread, no need to lock
-    assert(!recorder->audio_disabled);
+    assert(recorder->audio_init);
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
 
@@ -656,16 +599,22 @@ sc_recorder_audio_packet_sink_push(struct sc_packet_sink *sink,
         return false;
     }
 
-    struct sc_record_packet *rec = sc_record_packet_new(packet);
+    AVPacket *rec = sc_recorder_packet_ref(packet);
     if (!rec) {
         LOG_OOM();
         sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
         return false;
     }
 
-    rec->packet->stream_index = 1;
+    rec->stream_index = recorder->audio_stream_index;
+
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&recorder->audio_queue, rec);
+    if (!ok) {
+        LOG_OOM();
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
+        return false;
+    }
 
-    sc_queue_push(&recorder->audio_queue, next, rec);
     sc_cond_signal(&recorder->queue_cond);
 
     sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
@@ -677,13 +626,13 @@ sc_recorder_audio_packet_sink_disable(struct sc_packet_sink *sink) {
     struct sc_recorder *recorder = DOWNCAST_AUDIO(sink);
     assert(recorder->audio);
     // only written from this thread, no need to lock
-    assert(!recorder->audio_disabled);
-    assert(!recorder->audio_codec);
+    assert(!recorder->audio_init);
 
     LOGW("Audio stream recording disabled");
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&recorder->mutex);
-    recorder->audio_disabled = true;
+    recorder->audio = false;
+    recorder->audio_init = true;
     sc_cond_signal(&recorder->stream_cond);
     sc_mutex_unlock(&recorder->mutex);
 }
@@ -691,7 +640,6 @@ sc_recorder_audio_packet_sink_disable(struct sc_packet_sink *sink) {
 bool
 sc_recorder_init(struct sc_recorder *recorder, const char *filename,
                  enum sc_record_format format, bool audio,
-                 struct sc_size declared_frame_size,
                  const struct sc_recorder_callbacks *cbs, void *cbs_userdata) {
     recorder->filename = strdup(filename);
     if (!recorder->filename) {
@@ -716,19 +664,17 @@ sc_recorder_init(struct sc_recorder *recorder, const char *filename,
 
     recorder->audio = audio;
 
-    sc_queue_init(&recorder->video_queue);
-    sc_queue_init(&recorder->audio_queue);
+    sc_vecdeque_init(&recorder->video_queue);
+    sc_vecdeque_init(&recorder->audio_queue);
     recorder->stopped = false;
 
-    recorder->video_codec = NULL;
-    recorder->audio_codec = NULL;
-    recorder->audio_disabled = false;
+    recorder->video_init = false;
+    recorder->audio_init = false;
 
     recorder->video_stream_index = -1;
     recorder->audio_stream_index = -1;
 
     recorder->format = format;
-    recorder->declared_frame_size = declared_frame_size;
 
     assert(cbs && cbs->on_ended);
     recorder->cbs = cbs;

app/src/recorder.h

@@ -9,15 +9,10 @@
 #include "coords.h"
 #include "options.h"
 #include "trait/packet_sink.h"
-#include "util/queue.h"
 #include "util/thread.h"
+#include "util/vecdeque.h"
 
-struct sc_record_packet {
-    AVPacket *packet;
-    struct sc_record_packet *next;
-};
-
-struct sc_recorder_queue SC_QUEUE(struct sc_record_packet);
+struct sc_recorder_queue SC_VECDEQUE(AVPacket *);
 
 struct sc_recorder {
     struct sc_packet_sink video_packet_sink;
@@ -36,7 +31,6 @@ struct sc_recorder {
     char *filename;
     enum sc_record_format format;
     AVFormatContext *ctx;
-    struct sc_size declared_frame_size;
 
     sc_thread thread;
     sc_mutex mutex;
@@ -48,11 +42,8 @@ struct sc_recorder {
 
     // wake up the recorder thread once the video or audio codec is known
     sc_cond stream_cond;
-    const AVCodec *video_codec;
-    const AVCodec *audio_codec;
-    // Instead of providing an audio_codec, the demuxer may notify that the
-    // stream is disabled if the device could not capture audio
-    bool audio_disabled;
+    bool video_init;
+    bool audio_init;
 
     int video_stream_index;
     int audio_stream_index;
@@ -69,7 +60,6 @@ struct sc_recorder_callbacks {
 bool
 sc_recorder_init(struct sc_recorder *recorder, const char *filename,
                  enum sc_record_format format, bool audio,
-                 struct sc_size declared_frame_size,
                  const struct sc_recorder_callbacks *cbs, void *cbs_userdata);
 
 bool

app/src/scrcpy.c

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include "audio_player.h"
 #include "controller.h"
 #include "decoder.h"
+#include "delay_buffer.h"
 #include "demuxer.h"
 #include "events.h"
 #include "file_pusher.h"
@@ -47,8 +48,10 @@ struct scrcpy {
     struct sc_decoder video_decoder;
     struct sc_decoder audio_decoder;
     struct sc_recorder recorder;
+    struct sc_delay_buffer display_buffer;
 #ifdef HAVE_V4L2
     struct sc_v4l2_sink v4l2_sink;
+    struct sc_delay_buffer v4l2_buffer;
 #endif
     struct sc_controller controller;
     struct sc_file_pusher file_pusher;
@@ -172,7 +175,9 @@ event_loop(struct scrcpy *s) {
                 LOGD("User requested to quit");
                 return SCRCPY_EXIT_SUCCESS;
             default:
-                sc_screen_handle_event(&s->screen, &event);
+                if (!sc_screen_handle_event(&s->screen, &event)) {
+                    return SCRCPY_EXIT_FAILURE;
+                }
                 break;
         }
     }
@@ -218,12 +223,15 @@ sc_recorder_on_ended(struct sc_recorder *recorder, bool success,
 }
 
 static void
-sc_video_demuxer_on_ended(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, bool eos,
-                          void *userdata) {
+sc_video_demuxer_on_ended(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer,
+                          enum sc_demuxer_status status, void *userdata) {
     (void) demuxer;
     (void) userdata;
 
-    if (eos) {
+    // The device may not decide to disable the video
+    assert(status != SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_DISABLED);
+
+    if (status == SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_EOS) {
         PUSH_EVENT(SC_EVENT_DEVICE_DISCONNECTED);
     } else {
         PUSH_EVENT(SC_EVENT_DEMUXER_ERROR);
@@ -231,20 +239,17 @@ sc_video_demuxer_on_ended(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, bool eos,
 }
 
 static void
-sc_audio_demuxer_on_ended(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer, bool eos,
-                          void *userdata) {
+sc_audio_demuxer_on_ended(struct sc_demuxer *demuxer,
+                          enum sc_demuxer_status status, void *userdata) {
     (void) demuxer;
-    (void) userdata;
 
-    // Contrary to the video demuxer, keep mirroring if only the audio fails.
-    // 'eos' is true on end-of-stream, including when audio capture is not
-    // possible on the device (so that scrcpy continue to mirror video without
-    // failing).
-    // However, if an audio configuration failure occurs (for example the user
-    // explicitly selected an unknown audio encoder), 'eos' is false and scrcpy
-    // must exit.
+    const struct scrcpy_options *options = userdata;
 
-    if (!eos) {
+    // Contrary to the video demuxer, keep mirroring if only the audio fails
+    // (unless --require-audio is set).
+    if (status == SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_ERROR
+            || (status == SC_DEMUXER_STATUS_DISABLED
+                && options->require_audio)) {
         PUSH_EVENT(SC_EVENT_DEMUXER_ERROR);
     }
 }
@@ -443,7 +448,7 @@ scrcpy(struct scrcpy_options *options) {
             .on_ended = sc_audio_demuxer_on_ended,
         };
         sc_demuxer_init(&s->audio_demuxer, "audio", s->server.audio_socket,
-                        &audio_demuxer_cbs, NULL);
+                        &audio_demuxer_cbs, options);
     }
 
     bool needs_video_decoder = options->display;
@@ -453,11 +458,13 @@ scrcpy(struct scrcpy_options *options) {
 #endif
     if (needs_video_decoder) {
         sc_decoder_init(&s->video_decoder, "video");
-        sc_demuxer_add_sink(&s->video_demuxer, &s->video_decoder.packet_sink);
+        sc_packet_source_add_sink(&s->video_demuxer.packet_source,
+                                  &s->video_decoder.packet_sink);
     }
     if (needs_audio_decoder) {
         sc_decoder_init(&s->audio_decoder, "audio");
-        sc_demuxer_add_sink(&s->audio_demuxer, &s->audio_decoder.packet_sink);
+        sc_packet_source_add_sink(&s->audio_demuxer.packet_source,
+                                  &s->audio_decoder.packet_sink);
     }
 
     if (options->record_filename) {
@@ -466,7 +473,7 @@ scrcpy(struct scrcpy_options *options) {
         };
         if (!sc_recorder_init(&s->recorder, options->record_filename,
                               options->record_format, options->audio,
-                              info->frame_size, &recorder_cbs, NULL)) {
+                              &recorder_cbs, NULL)) {
             goto end;
         }
         recorder_initialized = true;
@@ -476,10 +483,11 @@ scrcpy(struct scrcpy_options *options) {
         }
         recorder_started = true;
 
-        sc_demuxer_add_sink(&s->video_demuxer, &s->recorder.video_packet_sink);
+        sc_packet_source_add_sink(&s->video_demuxer.packet_source,
+                                  &s->recorder.video_packet_sink);
         if (options->audio) {
-            sc_demuxer_add_sink(&s->audio_demuxer,
-                                &s->recorder.audio_packet_sink);
+            sc_packet_source_add_sink(&s->audio_demuxer.packet_source,
+                                      &s->recorder.audio_packet_sink);
         }
     }
 
@@ -652,7 +660,6 @@ aoa_hid_end:
             .clipboard_autosync = options->clipboard_autosync,
             .shortcut_mods = &options->shortcut_mods,
             .window_title = window_title,
-            .frame_size = info->frame_size,
             .always_on_top = options->always_on_top,
             .window_x = options->window_x,
             .window_y = options->window_y,
@@ -663,7 +670,6 @@ aoa_hid_end:
             .mipmaps = options->mipmaps,
             .fullscreen = options->fullscreen,
             .start_fps_counter = options->start_fps_counter,
-            .buffering_time = options->display_buffer,
         };
 
         if (!sc_screen_init(&s->screen, &screen_params)) {
@@ -671,22 +677,38 @@ aoa_hid_end:
         }
         screen_initialized = true;
 
-        sc_decoder_add_sink(&s->video_decoder, &s->screen.frame_sink);
+        struct sc_frame_source *src = &s->video_decoder.frame_source;
+        if (options->display_buffer) {
+            sc_delay_buffer_init(&s->display_buffer, options->display_buffer,
+                                 true);
+            sc_frame_source_add_sink(src, &s->display_buffer.frame_sink);
+            src = &s->display_buffer.frame_source;
+        }
+
+        sc_frame_source_add_sink(src, &s->screen.frame_sink);
 
         if (options->audio) {
-            sc_audio_player_init(&s->audio_player);
-            sc_decoder_add_sink(&s->audio_decoder, &s->audio_player.frame_sink);
+            sc_audio_player_init(&s->audio_player, options->audio_buffer,
+                                 options->audio_output_buffer);
+            sc_frame_source_add_sink(&s->audio_decoder.frame_source,
+                                     &s->audio_player.frame_sink);
         }
     }
 
 #ifdef HAVE_V4L2
     if (options->v4l2_device) {
-        if (!sc_v4l2_sink_init(&s->v4l2_sink, options->v4l2_device,
-                               info->frame_size, options->v4l2_buffer)) {
+        if (!sc_v4l2_sink_init(&s->v4l2_sink, options->v4l2_device)) {
             goto end;
         }
 
-        sc_decoder_add_sink(&s->video_decoder, &s->v4l2_sink.frame_sink);
+        struct sc_frame_source *src = &s->video_decoder.frame_source;
+        if (options->v4l2_buffer) {
+            sc_delay_buffer_init(&s->v4l2_buffer, options->v4l2_buffer, true);
+            sc_frame_source_add_sink(src, &s->v4l2_buffer.frame_sink);
+            src = &s->v4l2_buffer.frame_source;
+        }
+
+        sc_frame_source_add_sink(src, &s->v4l2_sink.frame_sink);
 
         v4l2_sink_initialized = true;
     }

app/src/screen.c

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #include "events.h"
 #include "icon.h"
 #include "options.h"
-#include "video_buffer.h"
 #include "util/log.h"
 
 #define DISPLAY_MARGINS 96
@@ -240,7 +239,7 @@ sc_screen_update_content_rect(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     }
 }
 
-static inline SDL_Texture *
+static bool
 create_texture(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     SDL_Renderer *renderer = screen->renderer;
     struct sc_size size = screen->frame_size;
@@ -248,7 +247,8 @@ create_texture(struct sc_screen *screen) {
                                              SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING,
                                              size.width, size.height);
     if (!texture) {
-        return NULL;
+        LOGE("Could not create texture: %s", SDL_GetError());
+        return false;
     }
 
     if (screen->mipmaps) {
@@ -264,7 +264,8 @@ create_texture(struct sc_screen *screen) {
         SDL_GL_UnbindTexture(texture);
     }
 
-    return texture;
+    screen->texture = texture;
+    return true;
 }
 
 // render the texture to the renderer
@@ -336,7 +337,25 @@ sc_screen_frame_sink_open(struct sc_frame_sink *sink,
     (void) ctx;
 
     struct sc_screen *screen = DOWNCAST(sink);
-    (void) screen;
+
+    assert(ctx->width > 0 && ctx->width <= 0xFFFF);
+    assert(ctx->height > 0 && ctx->height <= 0xFFFF);
+    // screen->frame_size is never used before the event is pushed, and the
+    // event acts as a memory barrier so it is safe without mutex
+    screen->frame_size.width = ctx->width;
+    screen->frame_size.height = ctx->height;
+
+    static SDL_Event event = {
+        .type = SC_EVENT_SCREEN_INIT_SIZE,
+    };
+
+    // Post the event on the UI thread (the texture must be created from there)
+    int ret = SDL_PushEvent(&event);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        LOGW("Could not post init size event: %s", SDL_GetError());
+        return false;
+    }
+
 #ifndef NDEBUG
     screen->open = true;
 #endif
@@ -359,30 +378,18 @@ sc_screen_frame_sink_close(struct sc_frame_sink *sink) {
 static bool
 sc_screen_frame_sink_push(struct sc_frame_sink *sink, const AVFrame *frame) {
     struct sc_screen *screen = DOWNCAST(sink);
-    return sc_video_buffer_push(&screen->vb, frame);
-}
 
-static void
-sc_video_buffer_on_new_frame(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, bool previous_skipped,
-                             void *userdata) {
-    (void) vb;
-    struct sc_screen *screen = userdata;
+    bool previous_skipped;
+    bool ok = sc_frame_buffer_push(&screen->fb, frame, &previous_skipped);
+    if (!ok) {
+        return false;
+    }
 
-    // event_failed implies previous_skipped (the previous frame may not have
-    // been consumed if the event was not sent)
-    assert(!screen->event_failed || previous_skipped);
-
-    bool need_new_event;
     if (previous_skipped) {
         sc_fps_counter_add_skipped_frame(&screen->fps_counter);
         // The SC_EVENT_NEW_FRAME triggered for the previous frame will consume
-        // this new frame instead, unless the previous event failed
-        need_new_event = screen->event_failed;
+        // this new frame instead
     } else {
-        need_new_event = true;
-    }
-
-    if (need_new_event) {
         static SDL_Event new_frame_event = {
             .type = SC_EVENT_NEW_FRAME,
         };
@@ -391,11 +398,11 @@ sc_video_buffer_on_new_frame(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, bool previous_skipped,
         int ret = SDL_PushEvent(&new_frame_event);
         if (ret < 0) {
             LOGW("Could not post new frame event: %s", SDL_GetError());
-            screen->event_failed = true;
-        } else {
-            screen->event_failed = false;
+            return false;
         }
     }
+
+    return true;
 }
 
 bool
@@ -405,7 +412,6 @@ sc_screen_init(struct sc_screen *screen,
     screen->has_frame = false;
     screen->fullscreen = false;
     screen->maximized = false;
-    screen->event_failed = false;
     screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
 
     screen->req.x = params->window_x;
@@ -415,33 +421,19 @@ sc_screen_init(struct sc_screen *screen,
     screen->req.fullscreen = params->fullscreen;
     screen->req.start_fps_counter = params->start_fps_counter;
 
-    static const struct sc_video_buffer_callbacks cbs = {
-        .on_new_frame = sc_video_buffer_on_new_frame,
-    };
-
-    bool ok = sc_video_buffer_init(&screen->vb, params->buffering_time, &cbs,
-                                   screen);
+    bool ok = sc_frame_buffer_init(&screen->fb);
     if (!ok) {
         return false;
     }
 
-    ok = sc_video_buffer_start(&screen->vb);
-    if (!ok) {
-        goto error_destroy_video_buffer;
-    }
-
     if (!sc_fps_counter_init(&screen->fps_counter)) {
-        goto error_stop_and_join_video_buffer;
+        goto error_destroy_frame_buffer;
     }
 
-    screen->frame_size = params->frame_size;
     screen->rotation = params->rotation;
     if (screen->rotation) {
         LOGI("Initial display rotation set to %u", screen->rotation);
     }
-    struct sc_size content_size =
-        get_rotated_size(screen->frame_size, screen->rotation);
-    screen->content_size = content_size;
 
     uint32_t window_flags = SDL_WINDOW_HIDDEN
                           | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE
@@ -509,18 +501,10 @@ sc_screen_init(struct sc_screen *screen,
         LOGW("Could not load icon");
     }
 
-    LOGI("Initial texture: %" PRIu16 "x%" PRIu16, params->frame_size.width,
-                                                  params->frame_size.height);
-    screen->texture = create_texture(screen);
-    if (!screen->texture) {
-        LOGE("Could not create texture: %s", SDL_GetError());
-        goto error_destroy_renderer;
-    }
-
     screen->frame = av_frame_alloc();
     if (!screen->frame) {
         LOG_OOM();
-        goto error_destroy_texture;
+        goto error_destroy_renderer;
     }
 
     struct sc_input_manager_params im_params = {
@@ -555,19 +539,14 @@ sc_screen_init(struct sc_screen *screen,
 
     return true;
 
-error_destroy_texture:
-    SDL_DestroyTexture(screen->texture);
 error_destroy_renderer:
     SDL_DestroyRenderer(screen->renderer);
 error_destroy_window:
     SDL_DestroyWindow(screen->window);
 error_destroy_fps_counter:
     sc_fps_counter_destroy(&screen->fps_counter);
-error_stop_and_join_video_buffer:
-    sc_video_buffer_stop(&screen->vb);
-    sc_video_buffer_join(&screen->vb);
-error_destroy_video_buffer:
-    sc_video_buffer_destroy(&screen->vb);
+error_destroy_frame_buffer:
+    sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&screen->fb);
 
     return false;
 }
@@ -604,13 +583,11 @@ sc_screen_hide_window(struct sc_screen *screen) {
 
 void
 sc_screen_interrupt(struct sc_screen *screen) {
-    sc_video_buffer_stop(&screen->vb);
     sc_fps_counter_interrupt(&screen->fps_counter);
 }
 
 void
 sc_screen_join(struct sc_screen *screen) {
-    sc_video_buffer_join(&screen->vb);
     sc_fps_counter_join(&screen->fps_counter);
 }
 
@@ -620,11 +597,13 @@ sc_screen_destroy(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     assert(!screen->open);
 #endif
     av_frame_free(&screen->frame);
-    SDL_DestroyTexture(screen->texture);
+    if (screen->texture) {
+        SDL_DestroyTexture(screen->texture);
+    }
     SDL_DestroyRenderer(screen->renderer);
     SDL_DestroyWindow(screen->window);
     sc_fps_counter_destroy(&screen->fps_counter);
-    sc_video_buffer_destroy(&screen->vb);
+    sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&screen->fb);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -684,6 +663,23 @@ sc_screen_set_rotation(struct sc_screen *screen, unsigned rotation) {
     sc_screen_render(screen, true);
 }
 
+static bool
+sc_screen_init_size(struct sc_screen *screen) {
+    // Before first frame
+    assert(!screen->has_frame);
+    assert(!screen->texture);
+
+    // The requested size is passed via screen->frame_size
+
+    struct sc_size content_size =
+        get_rotated_size(screen->frame_size, screen->rotation);
+    screen->content_size = content_size;
+
+    LOGI("Initial texture: %" PRIu16 "x%" PRIu16,
+                 screen->frame_size.width, screen->frame_size.height);
+    return create_texture(screen);
+}
+
 // recreate the texture and resize the window if the frame size has changed
 static bool
 prepare_for_frame(struct sc_screen *screen, struct sc_size new_frame_size) {
@@ -702,11 +698,7 @@ prepare_for_frame(struct sc_screen *screen, struct sc_size new_frame_size) {
 
         LOGI("New texture: %" PRIu16 "x%" PRIu16,
                      screen->frame_size.width, screen->frame_size.height);
-        screen->texture = create_texture(screen);
-        if (!screen->texture) {
-            LOGE("Could not create texture: %s", SDL_GetError());
-            return false;
-        }
+        return create_texture(screen);
     }
 
     return true;
@@ -730,7 +722,7 @@ update_texture(struct sc_screen *screen, const AVFrame *frame) {
 static bool
 sc_screen_update_frame(struct sc_screen *screen) {
     av_frame_unref(screen->frame);
-    sc_video_buffer_consume(&screen->vb, screen->frame);
+    sc_frame_buffer_consume(&screen->fb, screen->frame);
     AVFrame *frame = screen->frame;
 
     sc_fps_counter_add_rendered_frame(&screen->fps_counter);
@@ -819,22 +811,32 @@ sc_screen_is_mouse_capture_key(SDL_Keycode key) {
     return key == SDLK_LALT || key == SDLK_LGUI || key == SDLK_RGUI;
 }
 
-void
+bool
 sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, SDL_Event *event) {
     bool relative_mode = sc_screen_is_relative_mode(screen);
 
     switch (event->type) {
+        case SC_EVENT_SCREEN_INIT_SIZE: {
+            // The initial size is passed via screen->frame_size
+            bool ok = sc_screen_init_size(screen);
+            if (!ok) {
+                LOGE("Could not initialize screen size");
+                return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
         case SC_EVENT_NEW_FRAME: {
             bool ok = sc_screen_update_frame(screen);
             if (!ok) {
-                LOGW("Frame update failed\n");
+                LOGE("Frame update failed\n");
+                return false;
             }
-            return;
+            return true;
         }
         case SDL_WINDOWEVENT:
             if (!screen->has_frame) {
                 // Do nothing
-                return;
+                return true;
             }
             switch (event->window.event) {
                 case SDL_WINDOWEVENT_EXPOSED:
@@ -865,7 +867,7 @@ sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, SDL_Event *event) {
                     }
                     break;
             }
-            return;
+            return true;
         case SDL_KEYDOWN:
             if (relative_mode) {
                 SDL_Keycode key = event->key.keysym.sym;
@@ -878,7 +880,7 @@ sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, SDL_Event *event) {
                         screen->mouse_capture_key_pressed = 0;
                     }
                     // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
-                    return;
+                    return true;
                 }
             }
             break;
@@ -894,7 +896,7 @@ sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, SDL_Event *event) {
                         sc_screen_toggle_mouse_capture(screen);
                     }
                     // Mouse capture keys are never forwarded to the device
-                    return;
+                    return true;
                 }
             }
             break;
@@ -904,7 +906,7 @@ sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, SDL_Event *event) {
             if (relative_mode && !sc_screen_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
                 // Do not forward to input manager, the mouse will be captured
                 // on SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP
-                return;
+                return true;
             }
             break;
         case SDL_FINGERMOTION:
@@ -913,18 +915,19 @@ sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, SDL_Event *event) {
             if (relative_mode) {
                 // Touch events are not compatible with relative mode
                 // (coordinates are not relative)
-                return;
+                return true;
             }
             break;
         case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
             if (relative_mode && !sc_screen_get_mouse_capture(screen)) {
                 sc_screen_set_mouse_capture(screen, true);
-                return;
+                return true;
             }
             break;
     }
 
     sc_input_manager_handle_event(&screen->im, event);
+    return true;
 }
 
 struct sc_point

app/src/screen.h

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@
 #include "controller.h"
 #include "coords.h"
 #include "fps_counter.h"
+#include "frame_buffer.h"
 #include "input_manager.h"
 #include "opengl.h"
 #include "trait/key_processor.h"
 #include "trait/frame_sink.h"
 #include "trait/mouse_processor.h"
-#include "video_buffer.h"
 
 struct sc_screen {
     struct sc_frame_sink frame_sink; // frame sink trait
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ struct sc_screen {
 #endif
 
     struct sc_input_manager im;
-    struct sc_video_buffer vb;
+    struct sc_frame_buffer fb;
     struct sc_fps_counter fps_counter;
 
     // The initial requested window properties
@@ -59,8 +59,6 @@ struct sc_screen {
     bool maximized;
     bool mipmaps;
 
-    bool event_failed; // in case SDL_PushEvent() returned an error
-
     // To enable/disable mouse capture, a mouse capture key (LALT, LGUI or
     // RGUI) must be pressed. This variable tracks the pressed capture key.
     SDL_Keycode mouse_capture_key_pressed;
@@ -80,7 +78,6 @@ struct sc_screen_params {
     const struct sc_shortcut_mods *shortcut_mods;
 
     const char *window_title;
-    struct sc_size frame_size;
     bool always_on_top;
 
     int16_t window_x; // accepts SC_WINDOW_POSITION_UNDEFINED
@@ -95,8 +92,6 @@ struct sc_screen_params {
 
     bool fullscreen;
     bool start_fps_counter;
-
-    sc_tick buffering_time;
 };
 
 // initialize screen, create window, renderer and texture (window is hidden)
@@ -140,7 +135,8 @@ void
 sc_screen_set_rotation(struct sc_screen *screen, unsigned rotation);
 
 // react to SDL events
-void
+// If this function returns false, scrcpy must exit with an error.
+bool
 sc_screen_handle_event(struct sc_screen *screen, SDL_Event *event);
 
 // convert point from window coordinates to frame coordinates

app/src/server.c

@@ -173,6 +173,8 @@ sc_server_get_codec_name(enum sc_codec codec) {
             return "opus";
         case SC_CODEC_AAC:
             return "aac";
+        case SC_CODEC_RAW:
+            return "raw";
         default:
             return NULL;
     }
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ execute_server(struct sc_server *server,
 
     unsigned dyn_idx = count; // from there, the strings are allocated
 #define ADD_PARAM(fmt, ...) { \
-        char *p = (char *) &cmd[count]; \
+        char *p; \
         if (asprintf(&p, fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__) == -1) { \
             goto end; \
         } \
@@ -439,9 +441,9 @@ sc_server_init(struct sc_server *server, const struct sc_server_params *params,
 static bool
 device_read_info(struct sc_intr *intr, sc_socket device_socket,
                  struct sc_server_info *info) {
-    unsigned char buf[SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH + 4];
+    unsigned char buf[SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH];
     ssize_t r = net_recv_all_intr(intr, device_socket, buf, sizeof(buf));
-    if (r < SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH + 4) {
+    if (r < SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH) {
         LOGE("Could not retrieve device information");
         return false;
     }
@@ -449,9 +451,6 @@ device_read_info(struct sc_intr *intr, sc_socket device_socket,
     buf[SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH - 1] = '\0';
     memcpy(info->device_name, (char *) buf, sizeof(info->device_name));
 
-    unsigned char *fields = &buf[SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH];
-    info->frame_size.width = sc_read16be(fields);
-    info->frame_size.height = sc_read16be(&fields[2]);
     return true;
 }
 

app/src/server.h

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #define SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH 64
 struct sc_server_info {
     char device_name[SC_DEVICE_NAME_FIELD_LENGTH];
-    struct sc_size frame_size;
 };
 
 struct sc_server_params {

app/src/trait/frame_sink.h

@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 
-typedef struct AVFrame AVFrame;
-
 /**
  * Frame sink trait.
  *
@@ -19,6 +17,7 @@ struct sc_frame_sink {
 };
 
 struct sc_frame_sink_ops {
+    /* The codec context is valid until the sink is closed */
     bool (*open)(struct sc_frame_sink *sink, const AVCodecContext *ctx);
     void (*close)(struct sc_frame_sink *sink);
     bool (*push)(struct sc_frame_sink *sink, const AVFrame *frame);

app/src/trait/frame_source.c

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include "frame_source.h"
+
+void
+sc_frame_source_init(struct sc_frame_source *source) {
+    source->sink_count = 0;
+}
+
+void
+sc_frame_source_add_sink(struct sc_frame_source *source,
+                         struct sc_frame_sink *sink) {
+    assert(source->sink_count < SC_FRAME_SOURCE_MAX_SINKS);
+    assert(sink);
+    assert(sink->ops);
+    source->sinks[source->sink_count++] = sink;
+}
+
+static void
+sc_frame_source_sinks_close_firsts(struct sc_frame_source *source,
+                                    unsigned count) {
+    while (count) {
+        struct sc_frame_sink *sink = source->sinks[--count];
+        sink->ops->close(sink);
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+sc_frame_source_sinks_open(struct sc_frame_source *source,
+                           const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
+    assert(source->sink_count);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < source->sink_count; ++i) {
+        struct sc_frame_sink *sink = source->sinks[i];
+        if (!sink->ops->open(sink, ctx)) {
+            sc_frame_source_sinks_close_firsts(source, i);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+sc_frame_source_sinks_close(struct sc_frame_source *source) {
+    assert(source->sink_count);
+    sc_frame_source_sinks_close_firsts(source, source->sink_count);
+}
+
+bool
+sc_frame_source_sinks_push(struct sc_frame_source *source,
+                            const AVFrame *frame) {
+    assert(source->sink_count);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < source->sink_count; ++i) {
+        struct sc_frame_sink *sink = source->sinks[i];
+        if (!sink->ops->push(sink, frame)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}

app/src/trait/frame_source.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef SC_FRAME_SOURCE_H
+#define SC_FRAME_SOURCE_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include "frame_sink.h"
+
+#define SC_FRAME_SOURCE_MAX_SINKS 2
+
+/**
+ * Frame source trait
+ *
+ * Component able to send AVFrames should implement this trait.
+ */
+struct sc_frame_source {
+    struct sc_frame_sink *sinks[SC_FRAME_SOURCE_MAX_SINKS];
+    unsigned sink_count;
+};
+
+void
+sc_frame_source_init(struct sc_frame_source *source);
+
+void
+sc_frame_source_add_sink(struct sc_frame_source *source,
+                         struct sc_frame_sink *sink);
+
+bool
+sc_frame_source_sinks_open(struct sc_frame_source *source,
+                           const AVCodecContext *ctx);
+
+void
+sc_frame_source_sinks_close(struct sc_frame_source *source);
+
+bool
+sc_frame_source_sinks_push(struct sc_frame_source *source,
+                           const AVFrame *frame);
+
+#endif

app/src/trait/packet_sink.h

@@ -5,9 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
-
-typedef struct AVCodec AVCodec;
-typedef struct AVPacket AVPacket;
+#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 
 /**
  * Packet sink trait.
@@ -19,8 +17,8 @@ struct sc_packet_sink {
 };
 
 struct sc_packet_sink_ops {
-    /* The codec instance is static, it is valid until the end of the program */
-    bool (*open)(struct sc_packet_sink *sink, const AVCodec *codec);
+    /* The codec context is valid until the sink is closed */
+    bool (*open)(struct sc_packet_sink *sink, AVCodecContext *ctx);
     void (*close)(struct sc_packet_sink *sink);
     bool (*push)(struct sc_packet_sink *sink, const AVPacket *packet);
 

app/src/trait/packet_source.c

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#include "packet_source.h"
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_init(struct sc_packet_source *source) {
+    source->sink_count = 0;
+}
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_add_sink(struct sc_packet_source *source,
+                          struct sc_packet_sink *sink) {
+    assert(source->sink_count < SC_PACKET_SOURCE_MAX_SINKS);
+    assert(sink);
+    assert(sink->ops);
+    source->sinks[source->sink_count++] = sink;
+}
+
+static void
+sc_packet_source_sinks_close_firsts(struct sc_packet_source *source,
+                                    unsigned count) {
+    while (count) {
+        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = source->sinks[--count];
+        sink->ops->close(sink);
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+sc_packet_source_sinks_open(struct sc_packet_source *source,
+                            AVCodecContext *ctx) {
+    assert(source->sink_count);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < source->sink_count; ++i) {
+        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = source->sinks[i];
+        if (!sink->ops->open(sink, ctx)) {
+            sc_packet_source_sinks_close_firsts(source, i);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_sinks_close(struct sc_packet_source *source) {
+    assert(source->sink_count);
+    sc_packet_source_sinks_close_firsts(source, source->sink_count);
+}
+
+bool
+sc_packet_source_sinks_push(struct sc_packet_source *source,
+                            const AVPacket *packet) {
+    assert(source->sink_count);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < source->sink_count; ++i) {
+        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = source->sinks[i];
+        if (!sink->ops->push(sink, packet)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_sinks_disable(struct sc_packet_source *source) {
+    assert(source->sink_count);
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < source->sink_count; ++i) {
+        struct sc_packet_sink *sink = source->sinks[i];
+        if (sink->ops->disable) {
+            sink->ops->disable(sink);
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/trait/packet_source.h

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef SC_PACKET_SOURCE_H
+#define SC_PACKET_SOURCE_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include "packet_sink.h"
+
+#define SC_PACKET_SOURCE_MAX_SINKS 2
+
+/**
+ * Packet source trait
+ *
+ * Component able to send AVPackets should implement this trait.
+ */
+struct sc_packet_source {
+    struct sc_packet_sink *sinks[SC_PACKET_SOURCE_MAX_SINKS];
+    unsigned sink_count;
+};
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_init(struct sc_packet_source *source);
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_add_sink(struct sc_packet_source *source,
+                          struct sc_packet_sink *sink);
+
+bool
+sc_packet_source_sinks_open(struct sc_packet_source *source,
+                            AVCodecContext *ctx);
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_sinks_close(struct sc_packet_source *source);
+
+bool
+sc_packet_source_sinks_push(struct sc_packet_source *source,
+                            const AVPacket *packet);
+
+void
+sc_packet_source_sinks_disable(struct sc_packet_source *source);
+
+#endif

app/src/usb/aoa_hid.c

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 
 #define DEFAULT_TIMEOUT 1000
 
+#define SC_HID_EVENT_QUEUE_MAX 64
+
 static void
 sc_hid_event_log(const struct sc_hid_event *event) {
     // HID Event: [00] FF FF FF FF...
@@ -48,14 +50,20 @@ sc_hid_event_destroy(struct sc_hid_event *hid_event) {
 bool
 sc_aoa_init(struct sc_aoa *aoa, struct sc_usb *usb,
             struct sc_acksync *acksync) {
-    cbuf_init(&aoa->queue);
+    sc_vecdeque_init(&aoa->queue);
+
+    if (!sc_vecdeque_reserve(&aoa->queue, SC_HID_EVENT_QUEUE_MAX)) {
+        return false;
+    }
 
     if (!sc_mutex_init(&aoa->mutex)) {
+        sc_vecdeque_destroy(&aoa->queue);
         return false;
     }
 
     if (!sc_cond_init(&aoa->event_cond)) {
         sc_mutex_destroy(&aoa->mutex);
+        sc_vecdeque_destroy(&aoa->queue);
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -69,9 +77,10 @@ sc_aoa_init(struct sc_aoa *aoa, struct sc_usb *usb,
 void
 sc_aoa_destroy(struct sc_aoa *aoa) {
     // Destroy remaining events
-    struct sc_hid_event event;
-    while (cbuf_take(&aoa->queue, &event)) {
-        sc_hid_event_destroy(&event);
+    while (!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&aoa->queue)) {
+        struct sc_hid_event *event = sc_vecdeque_popref(&aoa->queue);
+        assert(event);
+        sc_hid_event_destroy(event);
     }
 
     sc_cond_destroy(&aoa->event_cond);
@@ -212,13 +221,19 @@ sc_aoa_push_hid_event(struct sc_aoa *aoa, const struct sc_hid_event *event) {
     }
 
     sc_mutex_lock(&aoa->mutex);
-    bool was_empty = cbuf_is_empty(&aoa->queue);
-    bool res = cbuf_push(&aoa->queue, *event);
-    if (was_empty) {
-        sc_cond_signal(&aoa->event_cond);
+    bool full = sc_vecdeque_is_full(&aoa->queue);
+    if (!full) {
+        bool was_empty = sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&aoa->queue);
+        sc_vecdeque_push_noresize(&aoa->queue, *event);
+        if (was_empty) {
+            sc_cond_signal(&aoa->event_cond);
+        }
     }
+    // Otherwise (if the queue is full), the event is discarded
+
     sc_mutex_unlock(&aoa->mutex);
-    return res;
+
+    return !full;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -227,7 +242,7 @@ run_aoa_thread(void *data) {
 
     for (;;) {
         sc_mutex_lock(&aoa->mutex);
-        while (!aoa->stopped && cbuf_is_empty(&aoa->queue)) {
+        while (!aoa->stopped && sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&aoa->queue)) {
             sc_cond_wait(&aoa->event_cond, &aoa->mutex);
         }
         if (aoa->stopped) {
@@ -235,11 +250,9 @@ run_aoa_thread(void *data) {
             sc_mutex_unlock(&aoa->mutex);
             break;
         }
-        struct sc_hid_event event;
-        bool non_empty = cbuf_take(&aoa->queue, &event);
-        assert(non_empty);
-        (void) non_empty;
 
+        assert(!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&aoa->queue));
+        struct sc_hid_event event = sc_vecdeque_pop(&aoa->queue);
         uint64_t ack_to_wait = event.ack_to_wait;
         sc_mutex_unlock(&aoa->mutex);
 

app/src/usb/aoa_hid.h

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
 
 #include "usb.h"
 #include "util/acksync.h"
-#include "util/cbuf.h"
 #include "util/thread.h"
 #include "util/tick.h"
+#include "util/vecdeque.h"
 
 struct sc_hid_event {
     uint16_t accessory_id;
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ sc_hid_event_init(struct sc_hid_event *hid_event, uint16_t accessory_id,
 void
 sc_hid_event_destroy(struct sc_hid_event *hid_event);
 
-struct sc_hid_event_queue CBUF(struct sc_hid_event, 64);
+struct sc_hid_event_queue SC_VECDEQUE(struct sc_hid_event);
 
 struct sc_aoa {
     struct sc_usb *usb;

app/src/util/audiobuf.h

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#ifndef SC_AUDIOBUF_H
+#define SC_AUDIOBUF_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "util/bytebuf.h"
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper around bytebuf to read and write samples
+ *
+ * Each sample takes sample_size bytes.
+ */
+struct sc_audiobuf {
+    struct sc_bytebuf buf;
+    size_t sample_size;
+};
+
+static inline uint32_t
+sc_audiobuf_to_samples(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, size_t bytes) {
+    assert(bytes % buf->sample_size == 0);
+    return bytes / buf->sample_size;
+}
+
+static inline size_t
+sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, uint32_t samples) {
+    return samples * buf->sample_size;
+}
+
+static inline bool
+sc_audiobuf_init(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, size_t sample_size,
+                 uint32_t capacity) {
+    buf->sample_size = sample_size;
+    return sc_bytebuf_init(&buf->buf, capacity * sample_size + 1);
+}
+
+static inline void
+sc_audiobuf_read(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, uint8_t *to, uint32_t samples) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(buf, samples);
+    sc_bytebuf_read(&buf->buf, to, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline void
+sc_audiobuf_skip(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, uint32_t samples) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(buf, samples);
+    sc_bytebuf_skip(&buf->buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline void
+sc_audiobuf_write(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, const uint8_t *from,
+                  uint32_t samples) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(buf, samples);
+    sc_bytebuf_write(&buf->buf, from, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline void
+sc_audiobuf_prepare_write(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, const uint8_t *from,
+                          uint32_t samples) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(buf, samples);
+    sc_bytebuf_prepare_write(&buf->buf, from, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline void
+sc_audiobuf_commit_write(struct sc_audiobuf *buf, uint32_t samples) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_audiobuf_to_bytes(buf, samples);
+    sc_bytebuf_commit_write(&buf->buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t
+sc_audiobuf_can_read(struct sc_audiobuf *buf) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf->buf);
+    return sc_audiobuf_to_samples(buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t
+sc_audiobuf_can_write(struct sc_audiobuf *buf) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_bytebuf_can_write(&buf->buf);
+    return sc_audiobuf_to_samples(buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t
+sc_audiobuf_capacity(struct sc_audiobuf *buf) {
+    size_t bytes = sc_bytebuf_capacity(&buf->buf);
+    return sc_audiobuf_to_samples(buf, bytes);
+}
+
+static inline void
+sc_audiobuf_destroy(struct sc_audiobuf *buf) {
+    sc_bytebuf_destroy(&buf->buf);
+}
+
+#endif

app/src/util/average.c

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ sc_average_push(struct sc_average *avg, float value) {
     avg->avg = ((avg->count - 1) * avg->avg + value) / avg->count;
 }
 
-bool
-sc_average_get(struct sc_average *avg, float *value) {
-    *value = avg->avg;
-    return avg->count;
+float
+sc_average_get(struct sc_average *avg) {
+    assert(avg->count);
+    return avg->avg;
 }

app/src/util/average.h

@@ -22,15 +22,19 @@ struct sc_average {
 void
 sc_average_init(struct sc_average *avg, unsigned range);
 
-/* Push a new value to update the "rolling" average */
+/**
+ * Push a new value to update the "rolling" average
+ */
 void
 sc_average_push(struct sc_average *avg, float value);
 
-/* Get the current average value (if available)
+/**
+ * Get the current average value
  *
- * An average is available if sc_average_push() has been called at least once.
+ * It is an error to call this function if sc_average_push() has not been
+ * called at least once.
  */
-bool
-sc_average_get(struct sc_average *avg, float *value);
+float
+sc_average_get(struct sc_average *avg);
 
 #endif

app/src/util/bytebuf.c

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 bool
 sc_bytebuf_init(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t alloc_size) {
     assert(alloc_size);
-    // sufficient, but use more for alignment.
     buf->data = malloc(alloc_size);
     if (!buf->data) {
         LOG_OOM();
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ sc_bytebuf_destroy(struct sc_bytebuf *buf) {
 void
 sc_bytebuf_read(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, uint8_t *to, size_t len) {
     assert(len);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(buf) >= len);
+    assert(len <= sc_bytebuf_can_read(buf));
     assert(buf->tail != buf->head); // the buffer could not be empty
 
     size_t right_limit = buf->tail < buf->head ? buf->head : buf->alloc_size;
@@ -51,42 +50,40 @@ sc_bytebuf_read(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, uint8_t *to, size_t len) {
 void
 sc_bytebuf_skip(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t len) {
     assert(len);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(buf) >= len);
+    assert(len <= sc_bytebuf_can_read(buf));
     assert(buf->tail != buf->head); // the buffer could not be empty
 
     buf->tail = (buf->tail + len) % buf->alloc_size;
 }
 
-void
-sc_bytebuf_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from, size_t len) {
-    assert(len);
-
-    size_t max_len = buf->alloc_size - 1;
-    if (len >= max_len) {
-        // Copy only the right-most bytes
-        memcpy(buf->data, from + len - max_len, max_len);
-        buf->tail = 0;
-        buf->head = max_len;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    size_t right_limit = buf->head < buf->tail ? buf->tail : buf->alloc_size;
-    size_t right_len = right_limit - buf->head;
+static inline void
+sc_bytebuf_write_step0(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from,
+                       size_t len) {
+    size_t right_len = buf->alloc_size - buf->head;
     if (len < right_len) {
         right_len = len;
     }
     memcpy(buf->data + buf->head, from, right_len);
+
     if (len > right_len) {
         memcpy(buf->data, from + right_len, len - right_len);
     }
+}
 
-    size_t empty_space = sc_bytebuf_write_remaining(buf);
-    if (len > empty_space) {
-        buf->tail = (buf->tail + len - empty_space) % buf->alloc_size;
-    }
+static inline void
+sc_bytebuf_write_step1(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t len) {
     buf->head = (buf->head + len) % buf->alloc_size;
 }
 
+void
+sc_bytebuf_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from, size_t len) {
+    assert(len);
+    assert(len <= sc_bytebuf_can_write(buf));
+
+    sc_bytebuf_write_step0(buf, from, len);
+    sc_bytebuf_write_step1(buf, len);
+}
+
 void
 sc_bytebuf_prepare_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from,
                          size_t len) {
@@ -97,20 +94,11 @@ sc_bytebuf_prepare_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from,
     // be called with lock held).
 
     assert(len < buf->alloc_size - 1);
-
-    size_t right_len = buf->alloc_size - buf->head;
-    if (len < right_len) {
-        right_len = len;
-    }
-
-    memcpy(buf->data + buf->head, from, right_len);
-    if (len > right_len) {
-        memcpy(buf->data, from + right_len, len - right_len);
-    }
+    sc_bytebuf_write_step0(buf, from, len);
 }
 
 void
 sc_bytebuf_commit_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t len) {
-    assert(len <= sc_bytebuf_write_remaining(buf));
-    buf->head = (buf->head + len) % buf->alloc_size;
+    assert(len <= sc_bytebuf_can_write(buf));
+    sc_bytebuf_write_step1(buf, len);
 }

app/src/util/bytebuf.h

@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ struct sc_bytebuf {
     // The actual capacity is (allocated - 1) so that head == tail is
     // non-ambiguous
     size_t alloc_size;
-    size_t head;
-    size_t tail;
+    size_t head; // writter cursor
+    size_t tail; // reader cursor
     // empty: tail == head
-    // full: (tail + 1) % allocated == head
+    // full: ((tail + 1) % alloc_size) == head
 };
 
 bool
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ sc_bytebuf_init(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t alloc_size);
 /**
  * Copy from the bytebuf to a user-provided array
  *
- * The caller must check that len <= buf->len (it is an error to attempt to read
- * more bytes than available).
+ * The caller must check that len <= sc_bytebuf_read_available() (it is an
+ * error to attempt to read more bytes than available).
  *
- * This function is guaranteed to not change the head.
+ * This function is guaranteed not to write to buf->head.
  */
 void
 sc_bytebuf_read(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, uint8_t *to, size_t len);
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ sc_bytebuf_read(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, uint8_t *to, size_t len);
 /**
  * Drop len bytes from the buffer
  *
- * The caller must check that len <= buf->len (it is an error to attempt to skip
- * more bytes than available).
+ * The caller must check that len <= sc_bytebuf_read_available() (it is an
+ * error to attempt to skip more bytes than available).
  *
- * This function is guaranteed to not change the head.
+ * This function is guaranteed not to write to buf->head.
  *
  * It is equivalent to call sc_bytebuf_read() to some array and discard the
- * array (but more efficient since there is no copy).
+ * array (but this function is more efficient since there is no copy).
  */
 void
 sc_bytebuf_skip(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t len);
@@ -48,9 +48,10 @@ sc_bytebuf_skip(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t len);
 /**
  * Copy the user-provided array to the bytebuf
  *
- * The length of the input array is not restricted:
- * if len >= sc_bytebuf_write_remaining(buf), then the excessive input bytes
- * will overwrite the oldest bytes in the buffer.
+ * The caller must check that len <= sc_bytebuf_write_available() (it is an
+ * error to write more bytes than the remaining available space).
+ *
+ * This function is guaranteed not to write to buf->tail.
  */
 void
 sc_bytebuf_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from, size_t len);
@@ -58,14 +59,16 @@ sc_bytebuf_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from, size_t len);
 /**
  * Copy the user-provided array to the bytebuf, but do not advance the cursor
  *
- * The caller must check that len <= buf->len (it is an error to attempt to
- * write more bytes than available).
+ * The caller must check that len <= sc_bytebuf_write_available() (it is an
+ * error to write more bytes than the remaining available space).
  *
  * After this function is called, the write must be committed with
  * sc_bytebuf_commit_write().
  *
  * The purpose of this mechanism is to acquire a lock only to commit the write,
  * but not to perform the actual copy.
+ *
+ * This function is guaranteed not to access buf->tail.
  */
 void
 sc_bytebuf_prepare_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, const uint8_t *from,
@@ -83,21 +86,28 @@ sc_bytebuf_commit_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf, size_t len);
  * It is an error to read more bytes than available.
  */
 static inline size_t
-sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(struct sc_bytebuf *buf) {
+sc_bytebuf_can_read(struct sc_bytebuf *buf) {
     return (buf->alloc_size + buf->head - buf->tail) % buf->alloc_size;
 }
 
 /**
- * Return the number of bytes which can be written without overwriting
+ * Return the number of bytes which can be written
  *
- * It is not an error to write more bytes than the available space, but this
- * would overwrite the oldest bytes in the buffer.
+ * It is an error to write more bytes than available.
  */
 static inline size_t
-sc_bytebuf_write_remaining(struct sc_bytebuf *buf) {
+sc_bytebuf_can_write(struct sc_bytebuf *buf) {
     return (buf->alloc_size + buf->tail - buf->head - 1) % buf->alloc_size;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Return the actual capacity of the buffer (can_read() + can_write())
+ */
+static inline size_t
+sc_bytebuf_capacity(struct sc_bytebuf *buf) {
+    return buf->alloc_size - 1;
+}
+
 void
 sc_bytebuf_destroy(struct sc_bytebuf *buf);
 

app/src/util/cbuf.h

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-// generic circular buffer (bounded queue) implementation
-#ifndef SC_CBUF_H
-#define SC_CBUF_H
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-// To define a circular buffer type of 20 ints:
-//     struct cbuf_int CBUF(int, 20);
-//
-// data has length CAP + 1 to distinguish empty vs full.
-#define CBUF(TYPE, CAP) { \
-    TYPE data[(CAP) + 1]; \
-    size_t head; \
-    size_t tail; \
-}
-
-#define cbuf_size_(PCBUF) \
-    (sizeof((PCBUF)->data) / sizeof(*(PCBUF)->data))
-
-#define cbuf_is_empty(PCBUF) \
-    ((PCBUF)->head == (PCBUF)->tail)
-
-#define cbuf_is_full(PCBUF) \
-    (((PCBUF)->head + 1) % cbuf_size_(PCBUF) == (PCBUF)->tail)
-
-#define cbuf_init(PCBUF) \
-    (void) ((PCBUF)->head = (PCBUF)->tail = 0)
-
-#define cbuf_push(PCBUF, ITEM) \
-    ({ \
-        bool ok = !cbuf_is_full(PCBUF); \
-        if (ok) { \
-            (PCBUF)->data[(PCBUF)->head] = (ITEM); \
-            (PCBUF)->head = ((PCBUF)->head + 1) % cbuf_size_(PCBUF); \
-        } \
-        ok; \
-    })
-
-#define cbuf_take(PCBUF, PITEM) \
-    ({ \
-        bool ok = !cbuf_is_empty(PCBUF); \
-        if (ok) { \
-            *(PITEM) = (PCBUF)->data[(PCBUF)->tail]; \
-            (PCBUF)->tail = ((PCBUF)->tail + 1) % cbuf_size_(PCBUF); \
-        } \
-        ok; \
-    })
-
-#endif

app/src/util/log.c

@@ -125,8 +125,30 @@ sc_av_log_callback(void *avcl, int level, const char *fmt, va_list vl) {
     free(local_fmt);
 }
 
+static const char *const sc_sdl_log_priority_names[SDL_NUM_LOG_PRIORITIES] = {
+    [SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_VERBOSE] = "VERBOSE",
+    [SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_DEBUG] = "DEBUG",
+    [SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_INFO] = "INFO",
+    [SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_WARN] = "WARN",
+    [SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_ERROR] = "ERROR",
+    [SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_CRITICAL] = "CRITICAL",
+};
+
+static void SDLCALL
+sc_sdl_log_print(void *userdata, int category, SDL_LogPriority priority,
+                 const char *message) {
+    (void) userdata;
+    (void) category;
+
+    FILE *out = priority < SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_WARN ? stdout : stderr;
+    assert(priority < SDL_NUM_LOG_PRIORITIES);
+    const char *prio_name = sc_sdl_log_priority_names[priority];
+    fprintf(out, "%s: %s\n", prio_name, message);
+}
+
 void
 sc_log_configure() {
+    SDL_LogSetOutputFunction(sc_sdl_log_print, NULL);
     // Redirect FFmpeg logs to SDL logs
     av_log_set_callback(sc_av_log_callback);
 }

app/src/util/memory.c

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include "memory.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+void *
+sc_allocarray(size_t nmemb, size_t size) {
+    size_t bytes;
+    if (__builtin_mul_overflow(nmemb, size, &bytes)) {
+      errno = ENOMEM;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    return malloc(bytes);
+}

app/src/util/memory.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef SC_MEMORY_H
+#define SC_MEMORY_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/**
+ * Allocate an array of `nmemb` items of `size` bytes each
+ *
+ * Like calloc(), but without initialization.
+ * Like reallocarray(), but without reallocation.
+ */
+void *
+sc_allocarray(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
+
+#endif

app/src/util/queue.h

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-// generic intrusive FIFO queue
-#ifndef SC_QUEUE_H
-#define SC_QUEUE_H
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <stddef.h>
-
-// To define a queue type of "struct foo":
-//    struct queue_foo QUEUE(struct foo);
-#define SC_QUEUE(TYPE) { \
-    TYPE *first; \
-    TYPE *last; \
-}
-
-#define sc_queue_init(PQ) \
-    (void) ((PQ)->first = (PQ)->last = NULL)
-
-#define sc_queue_is_empty(PQ) \
-    !(PQ)->first
-
-// NEXTFIELD is the field in the ITEM type used for intrusive linked-list
-//
-// For example:
-//    struct foo {
-//        int value;
-//        struct foo *next;
-//    };
-//
-//    // define the type "struct my_queue"
-//    struct my_queue SC_QUEUE(struct foo);
-//
-//    struct my_queue queue;
-//    sc_queue_init(&queue);
-//
-//    struct foo v1 = { .value = 42 };
-//    struct foo v2 = { .value = 27 };
-//
-//    sc_queue_push(&queue, next, v1);
-//    sc_queue_push(&queue, next, v2);
-//
-//    struct foo *foo;
-//    sc_queue_take(&queue, next, &foo);
-//    assert(foo->value == 42);
-//    sc_queue_take(&queue, next, &foo);
-//    assert(foo->value == 27);
-//    assert(sc_queue_is_empty(&queue));
-//
-
-// push a new item into the queue
-#define sc_queue_push(PQ, NEXTFIELD, ITEM) \
-    (void) ({ \
-        (ITEM)->NEXTFIELD = NULL; \
-        if (sc_queue_is_empty(PQ)) { \
-            (PQ)->first = (PQ)->last = (ITEM); \
-        } else { \
-            (PQ)->last->NEXTFIELD = (ITEM); \
-            (PQ)->last = (ITEM); \
-        } \
-    })
-
-// take the next item and remove it from the queue (the queue must not be empty)
-// the result is stored in *(PITEM)
-// (without typeof(), we could not store a local variable having the correct
-// type so that we can "return" it)
-#define sc_queue_take(PQ, NEXTFIELD, PITEM) \
-    (void) ({ \
-        assert(!sc_queue_is_empty(PQ)); \
-        *(PITEM) = (PQ)->first; \
-        (PQ)->first = (PQ)->first->NEXTFIELD; \
-    })
-    // no need to update (PQ)->last if the queue is left empty:
-    // (PQ)->last is undefined if !(PQ)->first anyway
-
-#endif

app/src/util/thread.c

@@ -23,6 +23,39 @@ sc_thread_create(sc_thread *thread, sc_thread_fn fn, const char *name,
     return true;
 }
 
+static SDL_ThreadPriority
+to_sdl_thread_priority(enum sc_thread_priority priority) {
+    switch (priority) {
+        case SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL:
+#ifdef SCRCPY_SDL_HAS_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL
+            return SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL;
+#else
+            // fall through
+#endif
+        case SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGH:
+            return SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGH;
+        case SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL:
+            return SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL;
+        case SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_LOW:
+            return SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_LOW;
+        default:
+            assert(!"Unknown thread priority");
+            return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+sc_thread_set_priority(enum sc_thread_priority priority) {
+    SDL_ThreadPriority sdl_priority = to_sdl_thread_priority(priority);
+    int r = SDL_SetThreadPriority(sdl_priority);
+    if (r) {
+        LOGD("Could not set thread priority: %s", SDL_GetError());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 void
 sc_thread_join(sc_thread *thread, int *status) {
     SDL_WaitThread(thread->thread, status);

app/src/util/thread.h

@@ -21,6 +21,13 @@ typedef struct sc_thread {
     SDL_Thread *thread;
 } sc_thread;
 
+enum sc_thread_priority {
+    SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_LOW,
+    SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
+    SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGH,
+    SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL,
+};
+
 typedef struct sc_mutex {
     SDL_mutex *mutex;
 #ifndef NDEBUG
@@ -39,6 +46,9 @@ sc_thread_create(sc_thread *thread, sc_thread_fn fn, const char *name,
 void
 sc_thread_join(sc_thread *thread, int *status);
 
+bool
+sc_thread_set_priority(enum sc_thread_priority priority);
+
 bool
 sc_mutex_init(sc_mutex *mutex);
 

app/src/util/vecdeque.h

@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+#ifndef SC_VECDEQUE_H
+#define SC_VECDEQUE_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "util/memory.h"
+
+/**
+ * A double-ended queue implemented with a growable ring buffer.
+ *
+ * Inspired from the Rust VecDeque type:
+ * <https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html>
+ */
+
+/**
+ * VecDeque struct body
+ *
+ * A VecDeque is a dynamic ring-buffer, managed by the sc_vecdeque_* helpers.
+ *
+ * It is generic over the type of its items, so it is implemented via macros.
+ *
+ * To use a VecDeque, a new type must be defined:
+ *
+ *     struct vecdeque_int SC_VECDEQUE(int);
+ *
+ * The struct may be anonymous:
+ *
+ *     struct SC_VECDEQUE(const char *) names;
+ *
+ * Functions and macros having name ending with '_' are private.
+ */
+#define SC_VECDEQUE(type) { \
+    size_t cap; \
+    size_t origin; \
+    size_t size; \
+    type *data; \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Static initializer for a VecDeque
+ */
+#define SC_VECDEQUE_INITIALIZER { 0, 0, 0, NULL }
+
+/**
+ * Initialize an empty VecDeque
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_init(pv) \
+({ \
+    (pv)->cap = 0; \
+    (pv)->origin = 0; \
+    (pv)->size = 0; \
+    (pv)->data = NULL; \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Destroy a VecDeque
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_destroy(pv) \
+    free((pv)->data)
+
+/**
+ * Clear a VecDeque
+ *
+ * Remove all items.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_clear(pv) \
+(void) ({ \
+    sc_vecdeque_destroy(pv); \
+    sc_vecdeque_init(pv); \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Returns the content size
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_size(pv) \
+    (pv)->size
+
+/**
+ * Return whether the VecDeque is empty (i.e. its size is 0)
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_is_empty(pv) \
+    ((pv)->size == 0)
+
+/**
+ * Return whether the VecDeque is full
+ *
+ * A VecDeque is full when its size equals its current capacity. However, it
+ * does not prevent to push a new item (with sc_vecdeque_push()), since this
+ * will increase its capacity.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_is_full(pv) \
+    ((pv)->size == (pv)->cap)
+
+/**
+ * The minimal allocation size, in number of items
+ *
+ * Private.
+ */
+#define SC_VECDEQUE_MINCAP_ ((size_t) 10)
+
+/**
+ * The maximal allocation size, in number of items
+ *
+ * Use SIZE_MAX/2 to fit in ssize_t, and so that cap*1.5 does not overflow.
+ *
+ * Private.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_max_cap_(pv) (SIZE_MAX / 2 / sizeof(*(pv)->data))
+
+/**
+ * Realloc the internal array to a specific capacity
+ *
+ * On reallocation success, update the VecDeque capacity (`*pcap`) and origin
+ * (`*porigin`), and return the reallocated data.
+ *
+ * On reallocation failure, return NULL without any change.
+ *
+ * Private.
+ *
+ * \param ptr the current `data` field of the SC_VECDEQUE to realloc
+ * \param newcap the requested capacity, in number of items
+ * \param item_size the size of one item (the generic type is unknown from this
+ *                  function)
+ * \param pcap a pointer to the `cap` field of the SC_VECDEQUE [IN/OUT]
+ * \param porigin a pointer to pv->origin [IN/OUT]
+ * \param size the `size` field of the SC_VECDEQUE
+ * \return the new array to assign to the `data` field of the SC_VECDEQUE (if
+ *         not NULL)
+ */
+static inline void *
+sc_vecdeque_reallocdata_(void *ptr, size_t newcap, size_t item_size,
+                         size_t *pcap, size_t *porigin, size_t size) {
+
+    size_t oldcap = *pcap;
+    size_t oldorigin = *porigin;
+
+    assert(newcap > oldcap); // Could only grow
+
+    if (oldorigin + size <= oldcap) {
+        // The current content will stay in place, just realloc
+        //
+        // As an example, here is the content of a ring-buffer (oldcap=10)
+        // before the realloc:
+        //
+        //     _ _ 2 3 4 5 6 7 _ _
+        //         ^
+        //         origin
+        //
+        // It is resized (newcap=15), e.g. with sc_vecdeque_reserve():
+        //
+        //     _ _ 2 3 4 5 6 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _
+        //         ^
+        //         origin
+
+        void *newptr = reallocarray(ptr, newcap, item_size);
+        if (!newptr) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        *pcap = newcap;
+        return newptr;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the current content to the new array
+    //
+    // As an example, here is the content of a ring-buffer (oldcap=10) before
+    // the realloc:
+    //
+    //     5 6 7 _ _ 0 1 2 3 4
+    //               ^
+    //               origin
+    //
+    // It is resized (newcap=15), e.g. with sc_vecdeque_reserve():
+    //
+    //     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _
+    //     ^
+    //     origin
+
+    assert(size);
+    void *newptr = sc_allocarray(newcap, item_size);
+    if (!newptr) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    size_t right_len = MIN(size, oldcap - oldorigin);
+    assert(right_len);
+    memcpy(newptr, ptr + (oldorigin * item_size), right_len * item_size);
+
+    if (size > right_len) {
+        memcpy(newptr + (right_len * item_size), ptr,
+               (size - right_len) * item_size);
+    }
+
+    free(ptr);
+
+    *pcap = newcap;
+    *porigin = 0;
+    return newptr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Macro to realloc the internal data to a new capacity
+ *
+ * Private.
+ *
+ * \retval true on success
+ * \retval false on allocation failure (the VecDeque is left untouched)
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_realloc_(pv, newcap) \
+({ \
+    void *p = sc_vecdeque_reallocdata_((pv)->data, newcap, \
+                                       sizeof(*(pv)->data), &(pv)->cap, \
+                                       &(pv)->origin, (pv)->size); \
+    if (p) { \
+        (pv)->data = p; \
+    } \
+    (bool) p; \
+});
+
+static inline size_t
+sc_vecdeque_growsize_(size_t value)
+{
+    /* integer multiplication by 1.5 */
+    return value + (value >> 1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Increase the capacity of the VecDeque to at least `mincap`
+ *
+ * \param pv a pointer to the VecDeque
+ * \param mincap (`size_t`) the requested capacity
+ * \retval true on success
+ * \retval false on allocation failure (the VecDeque is left untouched)
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_reserve(pv, mincap) \
+({ \
+    assert(mincap <= sc_vecdeque_max_cap_(pv)); \
+    bool ok; \
+    /* avoid to allocate tiny arrays (< SC_VECDEQUE_MINCAP_) */ \
+    size_t mincap_ = MAX(mincap, SC_VECDEQUE_MINCAP_); \
+    if (mincap_ <= (pv)->cap) { \
+        /* nothing to do */ \
+        ok = true; \
+    } else if (mincap_ <= sc_vecdeque_max_cap_(pv)) { \
+        /* not too big */ \
+        size_t newsize = sc_vecdeque_growsize_((pv)->cap); \
+        newsize = CLAMP(newsize, mincap_, sc_vecdeque_max_cap_(pv)); \
+        ok = sc_vecdeque_realloc_(pv, newsize); \
+    } else { \
+        ok = false; \
+    } \
+    ok; \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Automatically grow the VecDeque capacity
+ *
+ * Private.
+ *
+ * \retval true on success
+ * \retval false on allocation failure (the VecDeque is left untouched)
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_grow_(pv) \
+({ \
+    bool ok; \
+    if ((pv)->cap < sc_vecdeque_max_cap_(pv)) { \
+        size_t newsize = sc_vecdeque_growsize_((pv)->cap); \
+        newsize = CLAMP(newsize, SC_VECDEQUE_MINCAP_, \
+                        sc_vecdeque_max_cap_(pv)); \
+        ok = sc_vecdeque_realloc_(pv, newsize); \
+    } else { \
+        ok = false; \
+    } \
+    ok; \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Grow the VecDeque capacity if it is full
+ *
+ * Private.
+ *
+ * \retval true on success
+ * \retval false on allocation failure (the VecDeque is left untouched)
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_grow_if_needed_(pv) \
+    (!sc_vecdeque_is_full(pv) || sc_vecdeque_grow_(pv))
+
+/**
+ * Push an uninitialized item, and return a pointer to it
+ *
+ * It does not attempt to resize the VecDeque. It is an error to this function
+ * if the VecDeque is full.
+ *
+ * This function may not fail. It returns a valid non-NULL pointer to the
+ * uninitialized item just pushed.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_push_hole_noresize(pv) \
+({ \
+    assert(!sc_vecdeque_is_full(pv)); \
+    ++(pv)->size; \
+    &(pv)->data[((pv)->origin + (pv)->size - 1) % (pv)->cap]; \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Push an uninitialized item, and return a pointer to it
+ *
+ * If the VecDeque is full, it is resized.
+ *
+ * This function returns either a valid non-NULL pointer to the uninitialized
+ * item just pushed, or NULL on reallocation failure.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_push_hole(pv) \
+    (sc_vecdeque_grow_if_needed_(pv) ? \
+            sc_vecdeque_push_hole_noresize(pv) : NULL)
+
+/**
+ * Push an item
+ *
+ * It does not attempt to resize the VecDeque. It is an error to this function
+ * if the VecDeque is full.
+ *
+ * This function may not fail.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_push_noresize(pv, item) \
+(void) ({ \
+    assert(!sc_vecdeque_is_full(pv)); \
+    ++(pv)->size; \
+    (pv)->data[((pv)->origin + (pv)->size - 1) % (pv)->cap] = item; \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Push an item
+ *
+ * If the VecDeque is full, it is resized.
+ *
+ * \retval true on success
+ * \retval false on allocation failure (the VecDeque is left untouched)
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_push(pv, item) \
+({ \
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_grow_if_needed_(pv); \
+    if (ok) { \
+        sc_vecdeque_push_noresize(pv, item); \
+    } \
+    ok; \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Pop an item and return a pointer to it (still in the VecDeque)
+ *
+ * Returning a pointer allows the caller to destroy it in place without copy
+ * (especially if the item type is big).
+ *
+ * It is an error to call this function if the VecDeque is empty.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_popref(pv) \
+({ \
+    assert(!sc_vecdeque_is_empty(pv)); \
+    size_t pos = (pv)->origin; \
+    (pv)->origin = ((pv)->origin + 1) % (pv)->cap; \
+    --(pv)->size; \
+    &(pv)->data[pos]; \
+})
+
+/**
+ * Pop an item and return it
+ *
+ * It is an error to call this function if the VecDeque is empty.
+ */
+#define sc_vecdeque_pop(pv) \
+    (*sc_vecdeque_popref(pv))
+
+#endif

app/src/util/vector.h

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ static inline void *
 sc_vector_reallocdata_(void *ptr, size_t count, size_t size,
                         size_t *restrict pcap, size_t *restrict psize)
 {
-    void *p = realloc(ptr, count * size);
+    void *p = reallocarray(ptr, count, size);
     if (!p) {
         return NULL;
     }

app/src/v4l2_sink.c

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ run_v4l2_sink(void *data) {
         vs->has_frame = false;
         sc_mutex_unlock(&vs->mutex);
 
-        sc_video_buffer_consume(&vs->vb, vs->frame);
+        sc_frame_buffer_consume(&vs->fb, vs->frame);
 
         bool ok = encode_and_write_frame(vs, vs->frame);
         av_frame_unref(vs->frame);
@@ -141,42 +141,19 @@ run_v4l2_sink(void *data) {
     return 0;
 }
 
-static void
-sc_video_buffer_on_new_frame(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, bool previous_skipped,
-                             void *userdata) {
-    (void) vb;
-    struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs = userdata;
-
-    if (!previous_skipped) {
-        sc_mutex_lock(&vs->mutex);
-        vs->has_frame = true;
-        sc_cond_signal(&vs->cond);
-        sc_mutex_unlock(&vs->mutex);
-    }
-}
-
 static bool
 sc_v4l2_sink_open(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
     assert(ctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P);
     (void) ctx;
 
-    static const struct sc_video_buffer_callbacks cbs = {
-        .on_new_frame = sc_video_buffer_on_new_frame,
-    };
-
-    bool ok = sc_video_buffer_init(&vs->vb, vs->buffering_time, &cbs, vs);
+    bool ok = sc_frame_buffer_init(&vs->fb);
     if (!ok) {
         return false;
     }
 
-    ok = sc_video_buffer_start(&vs->vb);
-    if (!ok) {
-        goto error_video_buffer_destroy;
-    }
-
     ok = sc_mutex_init(&vs->mutex);
     if (!ok) {
-        goto error_video_buffer_stop_and_join;
+        goto error_frame_buffer_destroy;
     }
 
     ok = sc_cond_init(&vs->cond);
@@ -228,11 +205,13 @@ sc_v4l2_sink_open(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
         goto error_avformat_free_context;
     }
 
-    ostream->codecpar->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
+    int r = avcodec_parameters_from_context(ostream->codecpar, ctx);
+    if (r < 0) {
+        goto error_avformat_free_context;
+    }
+
+    // The codec is from the v4l2 encoder, not from the decoder
     ostream->codecpar->codec_id = encoder->id;
-    ostream->codecpar->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
-    ostream->codecpar->width = vs->frame_size.width;
-    ostream->codecpar->height = vs->frame_size.height;
 
     int ret = avio_open(&vs->format_ctx->pb, vs->device_name, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
     if (ret < 0) {
@@ -247,8 +226,8 @@ sc_v4l2_sink_open(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const AVCodecContext *ctx) {
         goto error_avio_close;
     }
 
-    vs->encoder_ctx->width = vs->frame_size.width;
-    vs->encoder_ctx->height = vs->frame_size.height;
+    vs->encoder_ctx->width = ctx->width;
+    vs->encoder_ctx->height = ctx->height;
     vs->encoder_ctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
     vs->encoder_ctx->time_base.num = 1;
     vs->encoder_ctx->time_base.den = 1;
@@ -301,11 +280,8 @@ error_cond_destroy:
     sc_cond_destroy(&vs->cond);
 error_mutex_destroy:
     sc_mutex_destroy(&vs->mutex);
-error_video_buffer_stop_and_join:
-    sc_video_buffer_stop(&vs->vb);
-    sc_video_buffer_join(&vs->vb);
-error_video_buffer_destroy:
-    sc_video_buffer_destroy(&vs->vb);
+error_frame_buffer_destroy:
+    sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&vs->fb);
 
     return false;
 }
@@ -317,10 +293,7 @@ sc_v4l2_sink_close(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs) {
     sc_cond_signal(&vs->cond);
     sc_mutex_unlock(&vs->mutex);
 
-    sc_video_buffer_stop(&vs->vb);
-
     sc_thread_join(&vs->thread, NULL);
-    sc_video_buffer_join(&vs->vb);
 
     av_packet_free(&vs->packet);
     av_frame_free(&vs->frame);
@@ -330,12 +303,25 @@ sc_v4l2_sink_close(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs) {
     avformat_free_context(vs->format_ctx);
     sc_cond_destroy(&vs->cond);
     sc_mutex_destroy(&vs->mutex);
-    sc_video_buffer_destroy(&vs->vb);
+    sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&vs->fb);
 }
 
 static bool
 sc_v4l2_sink_push(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const AVFrame *frame) {
-    return sc_video_buffer_push(&vs->vb, frame);
+    bool previous_skipped;
+    bool ok = sc_frame_buffer_push(&vs->fb, frame, &previous_skipped);
+    if (!ok) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!previous_skipped) {
+        sc_mutex_lock(&vs->mutex);
+        vs->has_frame = true;
+        sc_cond_signal(&vs->cond);
+        sc_mutex_unlock(&vs->mutex);
+    }
+
+    return true;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -357,17 +343,13 @@ sc_v4l2_frame_sink_push(struct sc_frame_sink *sink, const AVFrame *frame) {
 }
 
 bool
-sc_v4l2_sink_init(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const char *device_name,
-                  struct sc_size frame_size, sc_tick buffering_time) {
+sc_v4l2_sink_init(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const char *device_name) {
     vs->device_name = strdup(device_name);
     if (!vs->device_name) {
         LOGE("Could not strdup v4l2 device name");
         return false;
     }
 
-    vs->frame_size = frame_size;
-    vs->buffering_time = buffering_time;
-
     static const struct sc_frame_sink_ops ops = {
         .open = sc_v4l2_frame_sink_open,
         .close = sc_v4l2_frame_sink_close,

app/src/v4l2_sink.h

@@ -8,19 +8,17 @@
 
 #include "coords.h"
 #include "trait/frame_sink.h"
-#include "video_buffer.h"
+#include "frame_buffer.h"
 #include "util/tick.h"
 
 struct sc_v4l2_sink {
     struct sc_frame_sink frame_sink; // frame sink trait
 
-    struct sc_video_buffer vb;
+    struct sc_frame_buffer fb;
     AVFormatContext *format_ctx;
     AVCodecContext *encoder_ctx;
 
     char *device_name;
-    struct sc_size frame_size;
-    sc_tick buffering_time;
 
     sc_thread thread;
     sc_mutex mutex;
@@ -34,8 +32,7 @@ struct sc_v4l2_sink {
 };
 
 bool
-sc_v4l2_sink_init(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const char *device_name,
-                  struct sc_size frame_size, sc_tick buffering_time);
+sc_v4l2_sink_init(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs, const char *device_name);
 
 void
 sc_v4l2_sink_destroy(struct sc_v4l2_sink *vs);

app/src/video_buffer.c

@@ -1,254 +0,0 @@
-#include "video_buffer.h"
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-#include <libavutil/avutil.h>
-#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
-
-#include "util/log.h"
-
-#define SC_BUFFERING_NDEBUG // comment to debug
-
-static struct sc_video_buffer_frame *
-sc_video_buffer_frame_new(const AVFrame *frame) {
-    struct sc_video_buffer_frame *vb_frame = malloc(sizeof(*vb_frame));
-    if (!vb_frame) {
-        LOG_OOM();
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    vb_frame->frame = av_frame_alloc();
-    if (!vb_frame->frame) {
-        LOG_OOM();
-        free(vb_frame);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (av_frame_ref(vb_frame->frame, frame)) {
-        av_frame_free(&vb_frame->frame);
-        free(vb_frame);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    return vb_frame;
-}
-
-static void
-sc_video_buffer_frame_delete(struct sc_video_buffer_frame *vb_frame) {
-    av_frame_unref(vb_frame->frame);
-    av_frame_free(&vb_frame->frame);
-    free(vb_frame);
-}
-
-static bool
-sc_video_buffer_offer(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, const AVFrame *frame) {
-    bool previous_skipped;
-    bool ok = sc_frame_buffer_push(&vb->fb, frame, &previous_skipped);
-    if (!ok) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    vb->cbs->on_new_frame(vb, previous_skipped, vb->cbs_userdata);
-    return true;
-}
-
-static int
-run_buffering(void *data) {
-    struct sc_video_buffer *vb = data;
-
-    assert(vb->buffering_time > 0);
-
-    for (;;) {
-        sc_mutex_lock(&vb->b.mutex);
-
-        while (!vb->b.stopped && sc_queue_is_empty(&vb->b.queue)) {
-            sc_cond_wait(&vb->b.queue_cond, &vb->b.mutex);
-        }
-
-        if (vb->b.stopped) {
-            sc_mutex_unlock(&vb->b.mutex);
-            goto stopped;
-        }
-
-        struct sc_video_buffer_frame *vb_frame;
-        sc_queue_take(&vb->b.queue, next, &vb_frame);
-
-        sc_tick max_deadline = sc_tick_now() + vb->buffering_time;
-        // PTS (written by the server) are expressed in microseconds
-        sc_tick pts = SC_TICK_TO_US(vb_frame->frame->pts);
-
-        bool timed_out = false;
-        while (!vb->b.stopped && !timed_out) {
-            sc_tick deadline = sc_clock_to_system_time(&vb->b.clock, pts)
-                             + vb->buffering_time;
-            if (deadline > max_deadline) {
-                deadline = max_deadline;
-            }
-
-            timed_out =
-                !sc_cond_timedwait(&vb->b.wait_cond, &vb->b.mutex, deadline);
-        }
-
-        if (vb->b.stopped) {
-            sc_video_buffer_frame_delete(vb_frame);
-            sc_mutex_unlock(&vb->b.mutex);
-            goto stopped;
-        }
-
-        sc_mutex_unlock(&vb->b.mutex);
-
-#ifndef SC_BUFFERING_NDEBUG
-        LOGD("Buffering: %" PRItick ";%" PRItick ";%" PRItick,
-             pts, vb_frame->push_date, sc_tick_now());
-#endif
-
-        sc_video_buffer_offer(vb, vb_frame->frame);
-
-        sc_video_buffer_frame_delete(vb_frame);
-    }
-
-stopped:
-    // Flush queue
-    while (!sc_queue_is_empty(&vb->b.queue)) {
-        struct sc_video_buffer_frame *vb_frame;
-        sc_queue_take(&vb->b.queue, next, &vb_frame);
-        sc_video_buffer_frame_delete(vb_frame);
-    }
-
-    LOGD("Buffering thread ended");
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-bool
-sc_video_buffer_init(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, sc_tick buffering_time,
-                     const struct sc_video_buffer_callbacks *cbs,
-                     void *cbs_userdata) {
-    bool ok = sc_frame_buffer_init(&vb->fb);
-    if (!ok) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    assert(buffering_time >= 0);
-    if (buffering_time) {
-        ok = sc_mutex_init(&vb->b.mutex);
-        if (!ok) {
-            sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&vb->fb);
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        ok = sc_cond_init(&vb->b.queue_cond);
-        if (!ok) {
-            sc_mutex_destroy(&vb->b.mutex);
-            sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&vb->fb);
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        ok = sc_cond_init(&vb->b.wait_cond);
-        if (!ok) {
-            sc_cond_destroy(&vb->b.queue_cond);
-            sc_mutex_destroy(&vb->b.mutex);
-            sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&vb->fb);
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        sc_clock_init(&vb->b.clock);
-        sc_queue_init(&vb->b.queue);
-    }
-
-    assert(cbs);
-    assert(cbs->on_new_frame);
-
-    vb->buffering_time = buffering_time;
-    vb->cbs = cbs;
-    vb->cbs_userdata = cbs_userdata;
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool
-sc_video_buffer_start(struct sc_video_buffer *vb) {
-    if (vb->buffering_time) {
-        bool ok =
-            sc_thread_create(&vb->b.thread, run_buffering, "scrcpy-vbuf", vb);
-        if (!ok) {
-            LOGE("Could not start buffering thread");
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_stop(struct sc_video_buffer *vb) {
-    if (vb->buffering_time) {
-        sc_mutex_lock(&vb->b.mutex);
-        vb->b.stopped = true;
-        sc_cond_signal(&vb->b.queue_cond);
-        sc_cond_signal(&vb->b.wait_cond);
-        sc_mutex_unlock(&vb->b.mutex);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_join(struct sc_video_buffer *vb) {
-    if (vb->buffering_time) {
-        sc_thread_join(&vb->b.thread, NULL);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_destroy(struct sc_video_buffer *vb) {
-    sc_frame_buffer_destroy(&vb->fb);
-    if (vb->buffering_time) {
-        sc_cond_destroy(&vb->b.wait_cond);
-        sc_cond_destroy(&vb->b.queue_cond);
-        sc_mutex_destroy(&vb->b.mutex);
-    }
-}
-
-bool
-sc_video_buffer_push(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, const AVFrame *frame) {
-    if (!vb->buffering_time) {
-        // No buffering
-        return sc_video_buffer_offer(vb, frame);
-    }
-
-    sc_mutex_lock(&vb->b.mutex);
-
-    sc_tick pts = SC_TICK_FROM_US(frame->pts);
-    sc_clock_update(&vb->b.clock, sc_tick_now(), pts);
-    sc_cond_signal(&vb->b.wait_cond);
-
-    if (vb->b.clock.count == 1) {
-        sc_mutex_unlock(&vb->b.mutex);
-        // First frame, offer it immediately, for two reasons:
-        //  - not to delay the opening of the scrcpy window
-        //  - the buffering estimation needs at least two clock points, so it
-        //  could not handle the first frame
-        return sc_video_buffer_offer(vb, frame);
-    }
-
-    struct sc_video_buffer_frame *vb_frame = sc_video_buffer_frame_new(frame);
-    if (!vb_frame) {
-        sc_mutex_unlock(&vb->b.mutex);
-        LOG_OOM();
-        return false;
-    }
-
-#ifndef SC_BUFFERING_NDEBUG
-    vb_frame->push_date = sc_tick_now();
-#endif
-    sc_queue_push(&vb->b.queue, next, vb_frame);
-    sc_cond_signal(&vb->b.queue_cond);
-
-    sc_mutex_unlock(&vb->b.mutex);
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_consume(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, AVFrame *dst) {
-    sc_frame_buffer_consume(&vb->fb, dst);
-}

app/src/video_buffer.h

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef SC_VIDEO_BUFFER_H
-#define SC_VIDEO_BUFFER_H
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <stdbool.h>
-
-#include "clock.h"
-#include "frame_buffer.h"
-#include "util/queue.h"
-#include "util/thread.h"
-#include "util/tick.h"
-
-// forward declarations
-typedef struct AVFrame AVFrame;
-
-struct sc_video_buffer_frame {
-    AVFrame *frame;
-    struct sc_video_buffer_frame *next;
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-    sc_tick push_date;
-#endif
-};
-
-struct sc_video_buffer_frame_queue SC_QUEUE(struct sc_video_buffer_frame);
-
-struct sc_video_buffer {
-    struct sc_frame_buffer fb;
-
-    sc_tick buffering_time;
-
-    // only if buffering_time > 0
-    struct {
-        sc_thread thread;
-        sc_mutex mutex;
-        sc_cond queue_cond;
-        sc_cond wait_cond;
-
-        struct sc_clock clock;
-        struct sc_video_buffer_frame_queue queue;
-        bool stopped;
-    } b; // buffering
-
-    const struct sc_video_buffer_callbacks *cbs;
-    void *cbs_userdata;
-};
-
-struct sc_video_buffer_callbacks {
-    void (*on_new_frame)(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, bool previous_skipped,
-                         void *userdata);
-};
-
-bool
-sc_video_buffer_init(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, sc_tick buffering_time,
-                     const struct sc_video_buffer_callbacks *cbs,
-                     void *cbs_userdata);
-
-bool
-sc_video_buffer_start(struct sc_video_buffer *vb);
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_stop(struct sc_video_buffer *vb);
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_join(struct sc_video_buffer *vb);
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_destroy(struct sc_video_buffer *vb);
-
-bool
-sc_video_buffer_push(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, const AVFrame *frame);
-
-void
-sc_video_buffer_consume(struct sc_video_buffer *vb, AVFrame *dst);
-
-#endif

app/tests/test_bytebuf.c

@@ -13,23 +13,23 @@ void test_bytebuf_simple(void) {
     assert(ok);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello", sizeof("hello") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 5);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 5);
 
     sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, data, 4);
     assert(!strncmp((char *) data, "hell", 4));
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) " world", sizeof(" world") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 7);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 7);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "!", 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 8);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 8);
 
     sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, &data[4], 8);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 0);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 0);
 
     data[12] = '\0';
     assert(!strcmp((char *) data, "hello world!"));
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 0);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 0);
 
     sc_bytebuf_destroy(&buf);
 }
@@ -42,58 +42,31 @@ void test_bytebuf_boundaries(void) {
     assert(ok);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello ", sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 6);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 6);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello ", sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 12);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 12);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello ", sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 18);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 18);
 
     sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, data, 9);
     assert(!strncmp((char *) data, "hello hel", 9));
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 9);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 9);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "world", sizeof("world") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 14);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 14);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "!", 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 15);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 15);
 
     sc_bytebuf_skip(&buf, 3);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 12);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 12);
 
     sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, data, 12);
     data[12] = '\0';
     assert(!strcmp((char *) data, "hello world!"));
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 0);
-
-    sc_bytebuf_destroy(&buf);
-}
-
-void test_bytebuf_overwrite(void) {
-    struct sc_bytebuf buf;
-    uint8_t data[10];
-
-    bool ok = sc_bytebuf_init(&buf, 10); // so actual capacity is 9
-    assert(ok);
-
-    sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello ", sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 6);
-
-    sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "abcdef", sizeof("abcdef") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 9);
-
-    sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, data, 9);
-    assert(!strncmp((char *) data, "lo abcdef", 9));
-
-    sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "a very big buffer",
-                     sizeof("a very big buffer") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 9);
-
-    sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, data, 9);
-    assert(!strncmp((char *) data, "ig buffer", 9));
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 0);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 0);
 
     sc_bytebuf_destroy(&buf);
 }
@@ -106,37 +79,37 @@ void test_bytebuf_two_steps_write(void) {
     assert(ok);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello ", sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 6);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 6);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello ", sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 12);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 12);
 
     sc_bytebuf_prepare_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "hello ", sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 12); // write not committed yet
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 12); // write not committed yet
 
     sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, data, 9);
     assert(!strncmp((char *) data, "hello hel", 3));
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 3);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 3);
 
     sc_bytebuf_commit_write(&buf, sizeof("hello ") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 9);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 9);
 
     sc_bytebuf_prepare_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "world", sizeof("world") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 9); // write not committed yet
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 9); // write not committed yet
 
     sc_bytebuf_commit_write(&buf, sizeof("world") - 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 14);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 14);
 
     sc_bytebuf_write(&buf, (uint8_t *) "!", 1);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 15);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 15);
 
     sc_bytebuf_skip(&buf, 3);
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 12);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 12);
 
     sc_bytebuf_read(&buf, data, 12);
     data[12] = '\0';
     assert(!strcmp((char *) data, "hello world!"));
-    assert(sc_bytebuf_read_remaining(&buf) == 0);
+    assert(sc_bytebuf_can_read(&buf) == 0);
 
     sc_bytebuf_destroy(&buf);
 }
@@ -147,7 +120,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
     test_bytebuf_simple();
     test_bytebuf_boundaries();
-    test_bytebuf_overwrite();
     test_bytebuf_two_steps_write();
 
     return 0;

app/tests/test_cbuf.c

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "util/cbuf.h"
-
-struct int_queue CBUF(int, 32);
-
-static void test_cbuf_empty(void) {
-    struct int_queue queue;
-    cbuf_init(&queue);
-
-    assert(cbuf_is_empty(&queue));
-
-    bool push_ok = cbuf_push(&queue, 42);
-    assert(push_ok);
-    assert(!cbuf_is_empty(&queue));
-
-    int item;
-    bool take_ok = cbuf_take(&queue, &item);
-    assert(take_ok);
-    assert(cbuf_is_empty(&queue));
-
-    bool take_empty_ok = cbuf_take(&queue, &item);
-    assert(!take_empty_ok); // the queue is empty
-}
-
-static void test_cbuf_full(void) {
-    struct int_queue queue;
-    cbuf_init(&queue);
-
-    assert(!cbuf_is_full(&queue));
-
-    // fill the queue
-    for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
-        bool ok = cbuf_push(&queue, i);
-        assert(ok);
-    }
-    bool ok = cbuf_push(&queue, 42);
-    assert(!ok); // the queue if full
-
-    int item;
-    bool take_ok = cbuf_take(&queue, &item);
-    assert(take_ok);
-    assert(!cbuf_is_full(&queue));
-}
-
-static void test_cbuf_push_take(void) {
-    struct int_queue queue;
-    cbuf_init(&queue);
-
-    bool push1_ok = cbuf_push(&queue, 42);
-    assert(push1_ok);
-
-    bool push2_ok = cbuf_push(&queue, 35);
-    assert(push2_ok);
-
-    int item;
-
-    bool take1_ok = cbuf_take(&queue, &item);
-    assert(take1_ok);
-    assert(item == 42);
-
-    bool take2_ok = cbuf_take(&queue, &item);
-    assert(take2_ok);
-    assert(item == 35);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-    (void) argc;
-    (void) argv;
-
-    test_cbuf_empty();
-    test_cbuf_full();
-    test_cbuf_push_take();
-    return 0;
-}

app/tests/test_clock.c

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <assert.h>
-
-#include "clock.h"
-
-void test_small_rolling_sum(void) {
-    struct sc_clock clock;
-    sc_clock_init(&clock);
-
-    assert(clock.count == 0);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.system == 0);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.stream == 0);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.system == 0);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.stream == 0);
-
-    sc_clock_update(&clock, 2, 3);
-    assert(clock.count == 1);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.system == 0);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.stream == 0);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.system == 2);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.stream == 3);
-
-    sc_clock_update(&clock, 10, 20);
-    assert(clock.count == 2);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.system == 2);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.stream == 3);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.system == 10);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.stream == 20);
-
-    sc_clock_update(&clock, 40, 80);
-    assert(clock.count == 3);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.system == 2);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.stream == 3);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.system == 50);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.stream == 100);
-
-    sc_clock_update(&clock, 400, 800);
-    assert(clock.count == 4);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.system == 12);
-    assert(clock.left_sum.stream == 23);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.system == 440);
-    assert(clock.right_sum.stream == 880);
-}
-
-void test_large_rolling_sum(void) {
-    const unsigned half_range = SC_CLOCK_RANGE / 2;
-
-    struct sc_clock clock1;
-    sc_clock_init(&clock1);
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 5 * half_range; ++i) {
-        sc_clock_update(&clock1, i, 2 * i + 1);
-    }
-
-    struct sc_clock clock2;
-    sc_clock_init(&clock2);
-    for (unsigned i = 3 * half_range; i < 5 * half_range; ++i) {
-        sc_clock_update(&clock2, i, 2 * i + 1);
-    }
-
-    assert(clock1.count == SC_CLOCK_RANGE);
-    assert(clock2.count == SC_CLOCK_RANGE);
-
-    // The values before the last SC_CLOCK_RANGE points in clock1 should have
-    // no impact
-    assert(clock1.left_sum.system == clock2.left_sum.system);
-    assert(clock1.left_sum.stream == clock2.left_sum.stream);
-    assert(clock1.right_sum.system == clock2.right_sum.system);
-    assert(clock1.right_sum.stream == clock2.right_sum.stream);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-    (void) argc;
-    (void) argv;
-
-    test_small_rolling_sum();
-    test_large_rolling_sum();
-    return 0;
-};

app/tests/test_queue.c

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <assert.h>
-
-#include "util/queue.h"
-
-struct foo {
-    int value;
-    struct foo *next;
-};
-
-static void test_queue(void) {
-    struct my_queue SC_QUEUE(struct foo) queue;
-    sc_queue_init(&queue);
-
-    assert(sc_queue_is_empty(&queue));
-
-    struct foo v1 = { .value = 42 };
-    struct foo v2 = { .value = 27 };
-
-    sc_queue_push(&queue, next, &v1);
-    sc_queue_push(&queue, next, &v2);
-
-    struct foo *foo;
-
-    assert(!sc_queue_is_empty(&queue));
-    sc_queue_take(&queue, next, &foo);
-    assert(foo->value == 42);
-
-    assert(!sc_queue_is_empty(&queue));
-    sc_queue_take(&queue, next, &foo);
-    assert(foo->value == 27);
-
-    assert(sc_queue_is_empty(&queue));
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-    (void) argc;
-    (void) argv;
-
-    test_queue();
-    return 0;
-}

app/tests/test_vecdeque.c

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include "util/vecdeque.h"
+
+#define pr(pv) \
+({ \
+    fprintf(stderr, "cap=%lu origin=%lu size=%lu\n", (pv)->cap, (pv)->origin, (pv)->size); \
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < (pv)->cap; ++i) \
+        fprintf(stderr, "%d ", (pv)->data[i]); \
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n"); \
+})
+
+static void test_vecdeque_push_pop(void) {
+    struct SC_VECDEQUE(int) vdq = SC_VECDEQUE_INITIALIZER;
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&vdq));
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&vdq, 5);
+    assert(ok);
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 1);
+
+    ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&vdq, 12);
+    assert(ok);
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 2);
+
+    int v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+    assert(v == 5);
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 1);
+
+    ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&vdq, 7);
+    assert(ok);
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 2);
+
+    int *p = sc_vecdeque_popref(&vdq);
+    assert(p);
+    assert(*p == 12);
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 1);
+
+    v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+    assert(v == 7);
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_is_empty(&vdq));
+
+    sc_vecdeque_destroy(&vdq);
+}
+
+static void test_vecdeque_reserve(void) {
+    struct SC_VECDEQUE(int) vdq = SC_VECDEQUE_INITIALIZER;
+
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_reserve(&vdq, 20);
+    assert(ok);
+    assert(vdq.cap == 20);
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
+        ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&vdq, i);
+        assert(ok);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 20);
+
+    // It is now full
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+        int v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+        assert(v == i);
+    }
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 15);
+
+    for (int i = 20; i < 25; ++i) {
+        ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&vdq, i);
+        assert(ok);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 20);
+    assert(vdq.cap == 20);
+
+    // Now, the content wraps around the ring buffer:
+    // 20 21 22 23 24  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
+    //                 ^
+    //                 origin
+
+    // It is now full, let's reserve some space
+    ok = sc_vecdeque_reserve(&vdq, 30);
+    assert(ok);
+    assert(vdq.cap == 30);
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 20);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
+        // We should retrieve the items we inserted in order
+        int v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+        assert(v == i + 5);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+
+    sc_vecdeque_destroy(&vdq);
+}
+
+static void test_vecdeque_grow() {
+    struct SC_VECDEQUE(int) vdq = SC_VECDEQUE_INITIALIZER;
+
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_reserve(&vdq, 20);
+    assert(ok);
+    assert(vdq.cap == 20);
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 500; ++i) {
+        ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&vdq, i);
+        assert(ok);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 500);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+        int v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+        assert(v == i);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 400);
+
+    for (int i = 500; i < 1000; ++i) {
+        ok = sc_vecdeque_push(&vdq, i);
+        assert(ok);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 900);
+
+    for (int i = 100; i < 1000; ++i) {
+        int v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+        assert(v == i);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+
+    sc_vecdeque_destroy(&vdq);
+}
+
+static void test_vecdeque_push_hole() {
+    struct SC_VECDEQUE(int) vdq = SC_VECDEQUE_INITIALIZER;
+
+    bool ok = sc_vecdeque_reserve(&vdq, 20);
+    assert(ok);
+    assert(vdq.cap == 20);
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
+        int *p = sc_vecdeque_push_hole(&vdq);
+        assert(p);
+        *p = i * 10;
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 20);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+        int v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+        assert(v == i * 10);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 10);
+
+    for (int i = 20; i < 30; ++i) {
+        int *p = sc_vecdeque_push_hole(&vdq);
+        assert(p);
+        *p = i * 10;
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 20);
+
+    for (int i = 10; i < 30; ++i) {
+        int v = sc_vecdeque_pop(&vdq);
+        assert(v == i * 10);
+    }
+
+    assert(sc_vecdeque_size(&vdq) == 0);
+
+    sc_vecdeque_destroy(&vdq);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    (void) argc;
+    (void) argv;
+
+    test_vecdeque_push_pop();
+    test_vecdeque_reserve();
+    test_vecdeque_grow();
+    test_vecdeque_push_hole();
+
+    return 0;
+}

cross_win32.txt

@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ cpu = 'i686'
 endian = 'little'
 
 [properties]
-prebuilt_ffmpeg = 'ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win32'
-prebuilt_sdl2 = 'SDL2-2.26.1/i686-w64-mingw32'
+prebuilt_ffmpeg = 'ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win32'
+prebuilt_sdl2 = 'SDL2-2.26.4/i686-w64-mingw32'
 prebuilt_libusb = 'libusb-1.0.26/libusb-MinGW-Win32'

cross_win64.txt

@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ cpu = 'x86_64'
 endian = 'little'
 
 [properties]
-prebuilt_ffmpeg = 'ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win64'
-prebuilt_sdl2 = 'SDL2-2.26.1/x86_64-w64-mingw32'
+prebuilt_ffmpeg = 'ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win64'
+prebuilt_sdl2 = 'SDL2-2.26.4/x86_64-w64-mingw32'
 prebuilt_libusb = 'libusb-1.0.26/libusb-MinGW-x64'

doc/audio.md

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Audio
+
+Audio forwarding is supported for devices with Android 11 or higher, and it is
+enabled by default:
+
+ - For **Android 12 or newer**, it works out-of-the-box.
+ - For **Android 11**, you'll need to ensure that the device screen is unlocked
+   when starting scrcpy. A fake popup will briefly appear to make the system
+   think that the shell app is in the foreground. Without this, audio capture
+   will fail.
+ - For **Android 10 or earlier**, audio cannot be captured and is automatically
+   disabled.
+
+If audio capture fails, then mirroring continues with video only (since audio is
+enabled by default, it is not acceptable to make scrcpy fail if it is not
+available), unless `--require-audio` is set.
+
+
+## No audio
+
+To disable audio:
+
+```
+scrcpy --no-audio
+```
+
+## Codec
+
+The audio codec can be selected. The possible values are `opus` (default), `aac`
+and `raw` (uncompressed PCM 16-bit LE):
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --audio-codec=opus  # default
+scrcpy --audio-codec=aac
+scrcpy --audio-codec=raw
+```
+
+Several encoders may be available on the device. They can be listed by:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --list-encoders
+```
+
+To select a specific encoder:
+
+```
+scrcpy --audio-codec=opus --audio-encoder='c2.android.opus.encoder'
+```
+
+For advanced usage, to pass arbitrary parameters to the [`MediaFormat`],
+check `--audio-codec-options` in the manpage or in `scrcpy --help`.
+
+[`MediaFormat`]: https://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/MediaFormat
+
+
+## Bit rate
+
+The default video bit-rate is 128Kbps. To change it:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --audio-bit-rate=64K
+scrcpy --audio-bit-rate=64000  # equivalent
+```
+
+_This parameter does not apply to RAW audio codec (`--audio-codec=raw`)._
+
+
+## Buffering
+
+Audio buffering is unavoidable. It must be kept small enough so that the latency
+is acceptable, but large enough to minimize buffer underrun (causing audio
+glitches).
+
+The default buffer size is set to 50ms. It can be adjusted:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --audio-buffer=40   # smaller than default
+scrcpy --audio-buffer=100  # higher than default
+```
+
+Note that this option changes the _target_ buffering. It is possible that this
+target buffering might not be reached (on frequent buffer underflow typically).
+
+If you don't interact with the device (to watch a video for example), a higher
+latency (for both [video](video.md#buffering) and audio) might be preferable to
+avoid glitches and smooth the playback:
+
+```
+scrcpy --display-buffer=200 --audio-buffer=200
+```
+
+It is also possible to configure another audio buffer (the audio output buffer),
+by default set to 5ms. Don't change it, unless you get some [robotic and glitchy
+sound][#3793]:
+
+```bash
+# Only if absolutely necessary
+scrcpy --audio-output-buffer=10
+```
+
+[#3793]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/3793

doc/build.md

@@ -2,57 +2,16 @@
 
 Here are the instructions to build _scrcpy_ (client and server).
 
-
-## Simple
-
-If you just want to install the latest release from `master`, follow this
-simplified process.
-
-First, you need to install the required packages:
-
-```bash
-# for Debian/Ubuntu
-sudo apt install ffmpeg libsdl2-2.0-0 adb wget \
-                 gcc git pkg-config meson ninja-build libsdl2-dev \
-                 libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev libavformat-dev libavutil-dev \
-                 libusb-1.0-0 libusb-1.0-0-dev
-```
-
-Then clone the repo and execute the installation script
-([source](install_release.sh)):
-
-```bash
-git clone https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy
-cd scrcpy
-./install_release.sh
-```
-
-When a new release is out, update the repo and reinstall:
-
-```bash
-git pull
-./install_release.sh
-```
-
-To uninstall:
-
-```bash
-sudo ninja -Cbuild-auto uninstall
-```
-
+If you just want to build and install the latest release, follow the simplified
+process described in [doc/linux.md](linux.md).
 
 ## Branches
 
-### `master`
-
-The `master` branch concerns the latest release, and is the home page of the
-project on GitHub.
-
-
-### `dev`
-
-`dev` is the current development branch. Every commit present in `dev` will be
-in the next release.
+There are two main branches:
+ - `master`: contains the latest release. It is the home page of the project on
+   GitHub.
+ - `dev`: the current development branch. Every commit present in `dev` will be
+   in the next release.
 
 If you want to contribute code, please base your commits on the latest `dev`
 branch.
@@ -69,6 +28,8 @@ the following files to a directory accessible from your `PATH`:
  - `AdbWinApi.dll`
  - `AdbWinUsbApi.dll`
 
+It is also available in scrcpy releases.
+
 The client requires [FFmpeg] and [LibSDL2]. Just follow the instructions.
 
 [adb]: https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb.html
@@ -94,7 +55,7 @@ sudo apt install ffmpeg libsdl2-2.0-0 adb libusb-1.0-0
 # client build dependencies
 sudo apt install gcc git pkg-config meson ninja-build libsdl2-dev \
                  libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev libavformat-dev libavutil-dev \
-                 libusb-1.0-0-dev
+                 libswresample-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev
 
 # server build dependencies
 sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk
@@ -272,10 +233,10 @@ install` must be run as root)._
 
 #### Option 2: Use prebuilt server
 
- - [`scrcpy-server-v1.25`][direct-scrcpy-server]  
-   <sub>SHA-256: `ce0306c7bbd06ae72f6d06f7ec0ee33774995a65de71e0a83813ecb67aec9bdb`</sub>
+ - [`scrcpy-server-v2.0`][direct-scrcpy-server]  
+   <sub>SHA-256: `9e241615f578cd690bb43311000debdecf6a9c50a7082b001952f18f6f21ddc2`</sub>
 
-[direct-scrcpy-server]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases/download/v1.25/scrcpy-server-v1.25
+[direct-scrcpy-server]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases/download/v2.0/scrcpy-server-v2.0
 
 Download the prebuilt server somewhere, and specify its path during the Meson
 configuration:
@@ -314,7 +275,8 @@ This installs several files:
  - `/usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions/_scrcpy` (zsh completion)
  - `/usr/local/share/bash-completion/completions/scrcpy` (bash completion)
 
-You can then [run](README.md#run) `scrcpy`.
+You can then run `scrcpy`.
+
 
 ### Uninstall
 

doc/control.md

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+# Control
+
+## Read-only
+
+To disable controls (everything which can interact with the device: input keys,
+mouse events, drag&drop files):
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --no-control
+scrcpy -n   # short version
+```
+
+
+## Text injection preference
+
+Two kinds of [events][textevents] are generated when typing text:
+ - _key events_, signaling that a key is pressed or released;
+ - _text events_, signaling that a text has been entered.
+
+By default, letters are injected using key events, so that the keyboard behaves
+as expected in games (typically for WASD keys).
+
+But this may [cause issues][prefertext]. If you encounter such a problem, you
+can avoid it by:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --prefer-text
+```
+
+(but this will break keyboard behavior in games)
+
+On the contrary, you could force to always inject raw key events:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --raw-key-events
+```
+
+These options have no effect on HID keyboard (all key events are sent as
+scancodes in this mode).
+
+[textevents]: https://blog.rom1v.com/2018/03/introducing-scrcpy/#handle-text-input
+[prefertext]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/650#issuecomment-512945343
+
+
+## Copy-paste
+
+Any time the Android clipboard changes, it is automatically synchronized to the
+computer clipboard.
+
+Any <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> shortcut is forwarded to the device. In particular:
+ - <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>c</kbd> typically copies
+ - <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>x</kbd> typically cuts
+ - <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd> typically pastes (after computer-to-device
+   clipboard synchronization)
+
+This typically works as you expect.
+
+The actual behavior depends on the active application though. For example,
+_Termux_ sends SIGINT on <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>c</kbd> instead, and _K-9 Mail_
+composes a new message.
+
+To copy, cut and paste in such cases (but only supported on Android >= 7):
+ - <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>c</kbd> injects `COPY`
+ - <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>x</kbd> injects `CUT`
+ - <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd> injects `PASTE` (after computer-to-device
+   clipboard synchronization)
+
+In addition, <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd> injects the computer
+clipboard text as a sequence of key events. This is useful when the component
+does not accept text pasting (for example in _Termux_), but it can break
+non-ASCII content.
+
+**WARNING:** Pasting the computer clipboard to the device (either via
+<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd> or <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd>) copies the content
+into the Android clipboard. As a consequence, any Android application could read
+its content. You should avoid pasting sensitive content (like passwords) that
+way.
+
+Some Android devices do not behave as expected when setting the device clipboard
+programmatically. An option `--legacy-paste` is provided to change the behavior
+of <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd> and <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd> so that they
+also inject the computer clipboard text as a sequence of key events (the same
+way as <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd>).
+
+To disable automatic clipboard synchronization, use
+`--no-clipboard-autosync`.
+
+## Pinch-to-zoom
+
+To simulate "pinch-to-zoom": <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+_click-and-move_.
+
+More precisely, hold down <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> while pressing the left-click button.
+Until the left-click button is released, all mouse movements scale and rotate
+the content (if supported by the app) relative to the center of the screen.
+
+Technically, _scrcpy_ generates additional touch events from a "virtual finger"
+at a location inverted through the center of the screen.
+
+
+## Key repeat
+
+By default, holding a key down generates repeated key events. This can cause
+performance problems in some games, where these events are useless anyway.
+
+To avoid forwarding repeated key events:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --no-key-repeat
+```
+
+This option has no effect on HID keyboard (key repeat is handled by Android
+directly in this mode).
+
+
+## Right-click and middle-click
+
+By default, right-click triggers BACK (or POWER on) and middle-click triggers
+HOME. To disable these shortcuts and forward the clicks to the device instead:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --forward-all-clicks
+```
+
+## File drop
+
+### Install APK
+
+To install an APK, drag & drop an APK file (ending with `.apk`) to the _scrcpy_
+window.
+
+There is no visual feedback, a log is printed to the console.
+
+
+### Push file to device
+
+To push a file to `/sdcard/Download/` on the device, drag & drop a (non-APK)
+file to the _scrcpy_ window.
+
+There is no visual feedback, a log is printed to the console.
+
+The target directory can be changed on start:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --push-target=/sdcard/Movies/
+```
+
+## Physical keyboard and mouse simulation
+
+See the dedicated [HID/OTG](hid-otg.md) page.

doc/device.md

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+# Device
+
+## Selection
+
+If exactly one device is connected (i.e. listed by `adb devices`), then it is
+automatically selected.
+
+However, if there are multiple devices connected, you must specify the one to
+use in one of 4 ways:
+ - by its serial:
+   ```bash
+   scrcpy --serial=0123456789abcdef
+   scrcpy -s 0123456789abcdef   # short version
+
+   # the serial is the ip:port if connected over TCP/IP (same behavior as adb)
+   scrcpy --serial=192.168.1.1:5555
+   ```
+ - the one connected over USB (if there is exactly one):
+   ```bash
+   scrcpy --select-usb
+   scrcpy -d   # short version
+   ```
+ - the one connected over TCP/IP (if there is exactly one):
+   ```bash
+   scrcpy --select-tcpip
+   scrcpy -e   # short version
+   ```
+ - a device already listening on TCP/IP (see [below](#tcpip-wireless)):
+   ```bash
+   scrcpy --tcpip=192.168.1.1:5555
+   scrcpy --tcpip=192.168.1.1        # default port is 5555
+   ```
+
+The serial may also be provided via the environment variable `ANDROID_SERIAL`
+(also used by `adb`):
+
+```bash
+# in bash
+export ANDROID_SERIAL=0123456789abcdef
+scrcpy
+```
+
+```cmd
+:: in cmd
+set ANDROID_SERIAL=0123456789abcdef
+scrcpy
+```
+
+```powershell
+# in PowerShell
+$env:ANDROID_SERIAL = '0123456789abcdef'
+scrcpy
+```
+
+
+## TCP/IP (wireless)
+
+_Scrcpy_ uses `adb` to communicate with the device, and `adb` can [connect] to a
+device over TCP/IP. The device must be connected on the same network as the
+computer.
+
+[connect]: https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb.html#wireless
+
+
+### Automatic
+
+An option `--tcpip` allows to configure the connection automatically. There are
+two variants.
+
+If the device (accessible at 192.168.1.1 in this example) already listens on a
+port (typically 5555) for incoming _adb_ connections, then run:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --tcpip=192.168.1.1       # default port is 5555
+scrcpy --tcpip=192.168.1.1:5555
+```
+
+If _adb_ TCP/IP mode is disabled on the device (or if you don't know the IP
+address), connect the device over USB, then run:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --tcpip   # without arguments
+```
+
+It will automatically find the device IP address and adb port, enable TCP/IP
+mode if necessary, then connect to the device before starting.
+
+
+### Manual
+
+Alternatively, it is possible to enable the TCP/IP connection manually using
+`adb`:
+
+1. Plug the device into a USB port on your computer.
+2. Connect the device to the same Wi-Fi network as your computer.
+3. Get your device IP address, in Settings → About phone → Status, or by
+   executing this command:
+
+    ```bash
+    adb shell ip route | awk '{print $9}'
+    ```
+
+4. Enable `adb` over TCP/IP on your device: `adb tcpip 5555`.
+5. Unplug your device.
+6. Connect to your device: `adb connect DEVICE_IP:5555` _(replace `DEVICE_IP`
+with the device IP address you found)_.
+7. Run `scrcpy` as usual.
+8. Run `adb disconnect` once you're done.
+
+Since Android 11, a [wireless debugging option][adb-wireless] allows to bypass
+having to physically connect your device directly to your computer.
+
+[adb-wireless]: https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb#wireless-android11-command-line
+
+
+## Autostart
+
+A small tool (by the scrcpy author) allows to run arbitrary commands whenever a
+new Android device is connected: [AutoAdb]. It can be used to start scrcpy:
+
+```bash
+autoadb scrcpy -s '{}'
+```
+
+[AutoAdb]: https://github.com/rom1v/autoadb
+
+
+## Display
+
+If several displays are available on the Android device, it is possible to
+select the display to mirror:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --display=1
+```
+
+The list of display ids can be retrieved by:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --list-displays
+```
+
+A secondary display may only be controlled if the device runs at least Android
+10 (otherwise it is mirrored as read-only).
+
+
+## Actions
+
+Some command line arguments perform actions on the device itself while scrcpy is
+running.
+
+
+### Stay awake
+
+To prevent the device from sleeping after a delay **when the device is plugged
+in**:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --stay-awake
+scrcpy -w
+```
+
+The initial state is restored when _scrcpy_ is closed.
+
+If the device is not plugged in (i.e. only connected over TCP/IP),
+`--stay-awake` has no effect (this is the Android behavior).
+
+
+### Turn screen off
+
+It is possible to turn the device screen off while mirroring on start with a
+command-line option:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --turn-screen-off
+scrcpy -S   # short version
+```
+
+Or by pressing <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>o</kbd> at any time (see
+[shortcuts](shortcuts.md)).
+
+To turn it back on, press <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+<kbd>o</kbd>.
+
+On Android, the `POWER` button always turns the screen on. For convenience, if
+`POWER` is sent via _scrcpy_ (via right-click or <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>p</kbd>),
+it will force to turn the screen off after a small delay (on a best effort
+basis). The physical `POWER` button will still cause the screen to be turned on.
+
+It can also be useful to prevent the device from sleeping:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --turn-screen-off --stay-awake
+scrcpy -Sw   # short version
+```
+
+
+### Show touches
+
+For presentations, it may be useful to show physical touches (on the physical
+device). Android exposes this feature in _Developers options_.
+
+_Scrcpy_ provides an option to enable this feature on start and restore the
+initial value on exit:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --show-touches
+scrcpy -t   # short version
+```
+
+Note that it only shows _physical_ touches (by a finger on the device).
+
+
+### Power off on close
+
+To turn the device screen off when closing _scrcpy_:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --power-off-on-close
+```
+
+### Power on on start
+
+By default, on start, the device is powered on. To prevent this behavior:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --no-power-on
+```
+

doc/hid-otg.md

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+# HID/OTG
+
+By default, _scrcpy_ injects input events at the Android API level. As an
+alternative, when connected over USB, it is possible to send HID events, so that
+scrcpy behaves as if it was a physical keyboard and/or mouse connected to the
+Android device.
+
+A special [OTG](#otg) mode allows to control the device without mirroring (and
+without USB debugging).
+
+
+## Physical keyboard simulation
+
+By default, _scrcpy_ uses Android key or text injection. It works everywhere,
+but is limited to ASCII.
+
+Instead, it can simulate a physical USB keyboard on Android to provide a better
+input experience (using [USB HID over AOAv2][hid-aoav2]): the virtual keyboard
+is disabled and it works for all characters and IME.
+
+[hid-aoav2]: https://source.android.com/devices/accessories/aoa2#hid-support
+
+However, it only works if the device is connected via USB.
+
+Note: On Windows, it may only work in [OTG mode](#otg), not while mirroring (it
+is not possible to open a USB device if it is already open by another process
+like the _adb daemon_).
+
+To enable this mode:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --hid-keyboard
+scrcpy -K   # short version
+```
+
+If it fails for some reason (for example because the device is not connected via
+USB), it automatically fallbacks to the default mode (with a log in the
+console). This allows using the same command line options when connected over
+USB and TCP/IP.
+
+In this mode, raw key events (scancodes) are sent to the device, independently
+of the host key mapping. Therefore, if your keyboard layout does not match, it
+must be configured on the Android device, in Settings → System → Languages and
+input → [Physical keyboard].
+
+This settings page can be started directly:
+
+```bash
+adb shell am start -a android.settings.HARD_KEYBOARD_SETTINGS
+```
+
+However, the option is only available when the HID keyboard is enabled (or when
+a physical keyboard is connected).
+
+[Physical keyboard]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/pull/2632#issuecomment-923756915
+
+
+## Physical mouse simulation
+
+By default, _scrcpy_ uses Android mouse events injection with absolute
+coordinates. By simulating a physical mouse, a mouse pointer appears on the
+Android device, and relative mouse motion, clicks and scrolls are injected.
+
+To enable this mode:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --hid-mouse
+scrcpy -M   # short version
+```
+
+When this mode is enabled, the computer mouse is "captured" (the mouse pointer
+disappears from the computer and appears on the Android device instead).
+
+Special capture keys, either <kbd>Alt</kbd> or <kbd>Super</kbd>, toggle
+(disable or enable) the mouse capture. Use one of them to give the control of
+the mouse back to the computer.
+
+
+## OTG
+
+It is possible to run _scrcpy_ with only physical keyboard and mouse simulation
+(HID), as if the computer keyboard and mouse were plugged directly to the device
+via an OTG cable.
+
+In this mode, `adb` (USB debugging) is not necessary, and mirroring is disabled.
+
+This is similar to `--hid-keyboard --hid-mouse`, but without mirroring.
+
+To enable OTG mode:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --otg
+# Pass the serial if several USB devices are available
+scrcpy --otg -s 0123456789abcdef
+```
+
+It is possible to enable only HID keyboard or HID mouse:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --otg --hid-keyboard              # keyboard only
+scrcpy --otg --hid-mouse                 # mouse only
+scrcpy --otg --hid-keyboard --hid-mouse  # keyboard and mouse
+# for convenience, enable both by default
+scrcpy --otg                             # keyboard and mouse
+```
+
+Like `--hid-keyboard` and `--hid-mouse`, it only works if the device is
+connected over USB.

doc/linux.md

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# On Linux
+
+## Install
+
+<a href="https://repology.org/project/scrcpy/versions"><img src="https://repology.org/badge/vertical-allrepos/scrcpy.svg" alt="Packaging status" align="right"></a>
+
+Scrcpy is packaged in several distributions and package managers:
+
+ - Debian/Ubuntu: `apt install scrcpy`
+ - Arch Linux: `pacman -S scrcpy`
+ - Fedora: `dnf copr enable zeno/scrcpy && dnf install scrcpy`
+ - Gentoo: [ebuild][ebuild-link] file
+ - Snap: `snap install scrcpy`
+ - … (see [repology](https://repology.org/project/scrcpy/versions))
+
+[ebuild-link]: https://github.com/maggu2810/maggu2810-overlay/tree/master/app-mobilephone/scrcpy
+
+### Latest version
+
+However, the packaged version is not always the latest release. To install the
+latest release from `master`, follow this simplified process.
+
+First, you need to install the required packages:
+
+```bash
+# for Debian/Ubuntu
+sudo apt install ffmpeg libsdl2-2.0-0 adb wget \
+                 gcc git pkg-config meson ninja-build libsdl2-dev \
+                 libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev libavformat-dev libavutil-dev \
+                 libswresample-dev libusb-1.0-0 libusb-1.0-0-dev
+```
+
+Then clone the repo and execute the installation script
+([source](/install_release.sh)):
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy
+cd scrcpy
+./install_release.sh
+```
+
+When a new release is out, update the repo and reinstall:
+
+```bash
+git pull
+./install_release.sh
+```
+
+To uninstall:
+
+```bash
+sudo ninja -Cbuild-auto uninstall
+```
+
+_Note that this simplified process only works for released versions (it
+downloads a prebuilt server binary), so for example you can't use it for testing
+the development branch (`dev`)._
+
+_See [build.md](build.md) to build and install the app manually._
+
+
+## Run
+
+_Make sure that your device meets the [prerequisites](/README.md#prerequisites)._
+
+Once installed, run from a terminal:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy
+```
+
+or with arguments (here to disable audio and record to `file.mkv`):
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --no-audio --record=file.mkv
+```
+
+Documentation for command line arguments is available:
+ - `man scrcpy`
+ - `scrcpy --help`
+ - on [github](/README.md)

doc/macos.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# On macOS
+
+## Install
+
+Scrcpy is available in [Homebrew]:
+
+```bash
+brew install scrcpy
+```
+
+[Homebrew]: https://brew.sh/
+
+You need `adb`, accessible from your `PATH`. If you don't have it yet:
+
+```bash
+brew install android-platform-tools
+```
+
+Alternatively, Scrcpy is also available in [MacPorts], which sets up `adb` for you:
+
+```bash
+sudo port install scrcpy
+```
+
+[MacPorts]: https://www.macports.org/
+
+_See [build.md](build.md) to build and install the app manually._
+
+
+## Run
+
+_Make sure that your device meets the [prerequisites](/README.md#prerequisites)._
+
+Once installed, run from a terminal:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy
+```
+
+or with arguments (here to disable audio and record to `file.mkv`):
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --no-audio --record=file.mkv
+```
+
+Documentation for command line arguments is available:
+ - `man scrcpy`
+ - `scrcpy --help`
+ - on [github](/README.md)

doc/recording.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Recording
+
+To record video and audio streams while mirroring:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --record=file.mp4
+scrcpy -r file.mkv
+```
+
+To record only the video:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --no-audio --record=file.mp4
+```
+
+_It is currently not possible to record only the audio._
+
+To disable mirroring while recording:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --no-display --record=file.mp4
+scrcpy -Nr file.mkv
+# interrupt recording with Ctrl+C
+```
+
+Timestamps are captured on the device, so [packet delay variation] does not
+impact the recorded file, which is always clean (only if you use `--record` of
+course, not if you capture your scrcpy window and audio output on the computer).
+
+[packet delay variation]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_delay_variation
+
+The video and audio streams are encoded on the device, but are muxed on the
+client side. Two formats (containers) are supported:
+ - Matroska (`.mkv`)
+ - MP4 (`.mp4`)
+
+The container is automatically selected based on the filename.
+
+It is also possible to explicitly select a container (in that case the filename
+needs not end with `.mkv` or `.mp4`):
+
+```
+scrcpy --record=file --record-format=mkv
+```

doc/shortcuts.md

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Shortcuts
+
+Actions can be performed on the scrcpy window using keyboard and mouse
+shortcuts.
+
+In the following list, <kbd>MOD</kbd> is the shortcut modifier. By default, it's
+(left) <kbd>Alt</kbd> or (left) <kbd>Super</kbd>.
+
+It can be changed using `--shortcut-mod`. Possible keys are `lctrl`, `rctrl`,
+`lalt`, `ralt`, `lsuper` and `rsuper`. For example:
+
+```bash
+# use RCtrl for shortcuts
+scrcpy --shortcut-mod=rctrl
+
+# use either LCtrl+LAlt or LSuper for shortcuts
+scrcpy --shortcut-mod=lctrl+lalt,lsuper
+```
+
+_<kbd>[Super]</kbd> is typically the <kbd>Windows</kbd> or <kbd>Cmd</kbd> key._
+
+[Super]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_key_(keyboard_button)
+
+ | Action                                      |   Shortcut
+ | ------------------------------------------- |:-----------------------------
+ | Switch fullscreen mode                      | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>f</kbd>
+ | Rotate display left                         | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>←</kbd> _(left)_
+ | Rotate display right                        | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>→</kbd> _(right)_
+ | Resize window to 1:1 (pixel-perfect)        | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>g</kbd>
+ | Resize window to remove black borders       | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>w</kbd> \| _Double-left-click¹_
+ | Click on `HOME`                             | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>h</kbd> \| _Middle-click_
+ | Click on `BACK`                             | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>b</kbd> \| _Right-click²_
+ | Click on `APP_SWITCH`                       | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>s</kbd> \| _4th-click³_
+ | Click on `MENU` (unlock screen)⁴            | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>m</kbd>
+ | Click on `VOLUME_UP`                        | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>↑</kbd> _(up)_
+ | Click on `VOLUME_DOWN`                      | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>↓</kbd> _(down)_
+ | Click on `POWER`                            | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>p</kbd>
+ | Power on                                    | _Right-click²_
+ | Turn device screen off (keep mirroring)     | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>o</kbd>
+ | Turn device screen on                       | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+<kbd>o</kbd>
+ | Rotate device screen                        | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>r</kbd>
+ | Expand notification panel                   | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>n</kbd> \| _5th-click³_
+ | Expand settings panel                       | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>n</kbd>+<kbd>n</kbd> \| _Double-5th-click³_
+ | Collapse panels                             | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+<kbd>n</kbd>
+ | Copy to clipboard⁵                          | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>c</kbd>
+ | Cut to clipboard⁵                           | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>x</kbd>
+ | Synchronize clipboards and paste⁵           | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd>
+ | Inject computer clipboard text              | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>Shift</kbd>+<kbd>v</kbd>
+ | Enable/disable FPS counter (on stdout)      | <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>i</kbd>
+ | Pinch-to-zoom                               | <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+_click-and-move_
+ | Drag & drop APK file                        | Install APK from computer
+ | Drag & drop non-APK file                    | [Push file to device](control.md#push-file-to-device)
+
+_¹Double-click on black borders to remove them._  
+_²Right-click turns the screen on if it was off, presses BACK otherwise._  
+_³4th and 5th mouse buttons, if your mouse has them._  
+_⁴For react-native apps in development, `MENU` triggers development menu._  
+_⁵Only on Android >= 7._
+
+Shortcuts with repeated keys are executed by releasing and pressing the key a
+second time. For example, to execute "Expand settings panel":
+
+ 1. Press and keep pressing <kbd>MOD</kbd>.
+ 2. Then double-press <kbd>n</kbd>.
+ 3. Finally, release <kbd>MOD</kbd>.
+
+All <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+_key_ shortcuts are forwarded to the device, so they are
+handled by the active application.

doc/tunnels.md

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# Tunnels
+
+Scrcpy is designed to mirror local Android devices. Tunnels allow to connect to
+a remote device (e.g. over the Internet).
+
+To connect to a remote device, it is possible to connect a local `adb` client to
+a remote `adb` server (provided they use the same version of the _adb_
+protocol).
+
+
+## Remote ADB server
+
+To connect to a remote _adb server_, make the server listen on all interfaces:
+
+```bash
+adb kill-server
+adb -a nodaemon server start
+# keep this open
+```
+
+**Warning: all communications between clients and the _adb server_ are
+unencrypted.**
+
+Suppose that this server is accessible at 192.168.1.2. Then, from another
+terminal, run `scrcpy`:
+
+```bash
+# in bash
+export ADB_SERVER_SOCKET=tcp:192.168.1.2:5037
+scrcpy --tunnel-host=192.168.1.2
+```
+
+```cmd
+:: in cmd
+set ADB_SERVER_SOCKET=tcp:192.168.1.2:5037
+scrcpy --tunnel-host=192.168.1.2
+```
+
+```powershell
+# in PowerShell
+$env:ADB_SERVER_SOCKET = 'tcp:192.168.1.2:5037'
+scrcpy --tunnel-host=192.168.1.2
+```
+
+By default, `scrcpy` uses the local port used for `adb forward` tunnel
+establishment (typically `27183`, see `--port`). It is also possible to force a
+different tunnel port (it may be useful in more complex situations, when more
+redirections are involved):
+
+```
+scrcpy --tunnel-port=1234
+```
+
+
+## SSH tunnel
+
+To communicate with a remote _adb server_ securely, it is preferable to use an
+SSH tunnel.
+
+First, make sure the _adb server_ is running on the remote computer:
+
+```bash
+adb start-server
+```
+
+Then, establish an SSH tunnel:
+
+```bash
+# local  5038 --> remote  5037
+# local 27183 <-- remote 27183
+ssh -CN -L5038:localhost:5037 -R27183:localhost:27183 your_remote_computer
+# keep this open
+```
+
+From another terminal, run `scrcpy`:
+
+```bash
+# in bash
+export ADB_SERVER_SOCKET=tcp:localhost:5038
+scrcpy
+```
+
+```cmd
+:: in cmd
+set ADB_SERVER_SOCKET=tcp:localhost:5038
+scrcpy
+```
+
+```powershell
+# in PowerShell
+$env:ADB_SERVER_SOCKET = 'tcp:localhost:5038'
+scrcpy
+```
+
+To avoid enabling remote port forwarding, you could force a forward connection
+instead (notice the `-L` instead of `-R`):
+
+```bash
+# local  5038 --> remote  5037
+# local 27183 --> remote 27183
+ssh -CN -L5038:localhost:5037 -L27183:localhost:27183 your_remote_computer
+# keep this open
+```
+
+From another terminal, run `scrcpy`:
+
+```bash
+# in bash
+export ADB_SERVER_SOCKET=tcp:localhost:5038
+scrcpy --force-adb-forward
+```
+
+```cmd
+:: in cmd
+set ADB_SERVER_SOCKET=tcp:localhost:5038
+scrcpy --force-adb-forward
+```
+
+```powershell
+# in PowerShell
+$env:ADB_SERVER_SOCKET = 'tcp:localhost:5038'
+scrcpy --force-adb-forward
+```

doc/v4l2.md

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Video4Linux
+
+On Linux, it is possible to send the video stream to a [v4l2] loopback device,
+so that the Android device can be opened like a webcam by any v4l2-capable tool.
+
+[v4l2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video4Linux
+
+The module `v4l2loopback` must be installed:
+
+```bash
+sudo apt install v4l2loopback-dkms
+```
+
+To create a v4l2 device:
+
+```bash
+sudo modprobe v4l2loopback
+```
+
+This will create a new video device in `/dev/videoN`, where `N` is an integer
+(more [options](https://github.com/umlaeute/v4l2loopback#options) are available
+to create several devices or devices with specific IDs).
+
+To list the enabled devices:
+
+```bash
+# requires v4l-utils package
+v4l2-ctl --list-devices
+
+# simple but might be sufficient
+ls /dev/video*
+```
+
+To start `scrcpy` using a v4l2 sink:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --v4l2-sink=/dev/videoN
+scrcpy --v4l2-sink=/dev/videoN --no-display  # disable mirroring window
+```
+
+(replace `N` with the device ID, check with `ls /dev/video*`)
+
+Once enabled, you can open your video stream with a v4l2-capable tool:
+
+```bash
+ffplay -i /dev/videoN
+vlc v4l2:///dev/videoN   # VLC might add some buffering delay
+```
+
+For example, you could capture the video within [OBS] or within your video
+conference tool.
+
+[OBS]: https://obsproject.com/
+
+
+## Buffering
+
+By default, there is no video buffering, to get the lowest possible latency.
+
+As for the [video display](video.md#buffering), it is possible to add
+buffering to delay the v4l2 stream:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --v4l2-buffer=300     # add 300ms buffering for v4l2 sink
+```

doc/video.md

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+# Video
+
+## Size
+
+By default, scrcpy attempts to mirror at the Android device resolution.
+
+It might be useful to mirror at a lower definition to increase performance. To
+limit both width and height to some maximum value (here 1024):
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --max-size=1024
+scrcpy -m 1024   # short version
+```
+
+The other dimension is computed so that the Android device aspect ratio is
+preserved. That way, a device in 1920×1080 will be mirrored at 1024×576.
+
+If encoding fails, scrcpy automatically tries again with a lower definition
+(unless `--no-downsize-on-error` is enabled).
+
+
+## Bit rate
+
+The default video bit-rate is 8 Mbps. To change it:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --video-bit-rate=2M
+scrcpy --video-bit-rate=2000000  # equivalent
+scrcpy -b 2M                     # short version
+```
+
+
+## Frame rate
+
+The capture frame rate can be limited:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --max-fps=15
+```
+
+The actual capture frame rate may be printed to the console:
+
+```
+scrcpy --print-fps
+```
+
+It may also be enabled or disabled at anytime with <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>i</kbd>
+(see [shortcuts](shortcuts.md)).
+
+The frame rate is intrinsically variable: a new frame is produced only when the
+screen content changes. For example, if you play a fullscreen video at 24fps on
+your device, you should not get more than 24 frames per second in scrcpy.
+
+
+## Codec
+
+The video codec can be selected. The possible values are `h264` (default),
+`h265` and `av1`:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --video-codec=h264  # default
+scrcpy --video-codec=h265
+scrcpy --video-codec=av1
+```
+
+H265 may provide better quality, but H264 should provide lower latency.
+AV1 encoders are not common on current Android devices.
+
+Several encoders may be available on the device. They can be listed by:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --list-encoders
+```
+
+Sometimes, the default encoder may have issues or even crash, so it is useful to
+try another one:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --video-codec=h264 --video-encoder='OMX.qcom.video.encoder.avc'
+```
+
+For advanced usage, to pass arbitrary parameters to the [`MediaFormat`],
+check `--video-codec-options` in the manpage or in `scrcpy --help`.
+
+[`MediaFormat`]: https://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/MediaFormat
+
+
+## Rotation
+
+The rotation may be applied at 3 different levels:
+ - The [shortcut](shortcuts.md) <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>r</kbd> requests the
+   device to switch between portrait and landscape (the current running app may
+   refuse, if it does not support the requested orientation).
+ - `--lock-video-orientation` changes the mirroring orientation (the orientation
+   of the video sent from the device to the computer). This affects the
+   recording.
+ - `--rotation` rotates only the window content. This only affects the display,
+   not the recording. It may be changed dynamically at any time using the
+   [shortcuts](shortcuts.md) <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>←</kbd> and
+   <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>→</kbd>.
+
+To lock the mirroring orientation:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --lock-video-orientation     # initial (current) orientation
+scrcpy --lock-video-orientation=0   # natural orientation
+scrcpy --lock-video-orientation=1   # 90° counterclockwise
+scrcpy --lock-video-orientation=2   # 180°
+scrcpy --lock-video-orientation=3   # 90° clockwise
+```
+
+To set an initial window rotation:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --rotation=0   # no rotation
+scrcpy --rotation=1   # 90 degrees counterclockwise
+scrcpy --rotation=2   # 180 degrees
+scrcpy --rotation=3   # 90 degrees clockwise
+```
+
+## Crop
+
+The device screen may be cropped to mirror only part of the screen.
+
+This is useful, for example, to mirror only one eye of the Oculus Go:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --crop=1224:1440:0:0   # 1224x1440 at offset (0,0)
+```
+
+The values are expressed in the device natural orientation (portrait for a
+phone, landscape for a tablet).
+
+If `--max-size` is also specified, resizing is applied after cropping.
+
+
+## Buffering
+
+By default, there is no video buffering, to get the lowest possible latency.
+
+Buffering can be added to delay the video stream and compensate for jitter to
+get a smoother playback (see [#2464]).
+
+[#2464]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/issues/2464
+
+The configuration is available independently for the display,
+[v4l2 sinks](video.md#video4linux) and [audio](audio.md#buffering) playback.
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --display-buffer=50   # add 50ms buffering for display
+scrcpy --v4l2-buffer=300     # add 300ms buffering for v4l2 sink
+scrcpy --audio-buffer=200    # set 200ms buffering for audio playback
+```
+
+They can be applied simultaneously:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --display-buffer=50 --v4l2-buffer=300
+```
+
+
+## No display
+
+It is possible to capture an Android device without displaying a mirroring
+window. This option is available if either [recording](recording.md) or
+[v4l2](#video4linux) is enabled:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --v4l2-sink=/dev/video2 --no-display
+scrcpy --record=file.mkv --no-display
+```
+
+## Video4Linux
+
+See the dedicated [Video4Linux](v4l2.md) page.

doc/window.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Window
+
+## Title
+
+By default, the window title is the device model. It can be changed:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --window-title='My device'
+```
+
+## Position and size
+
+The initial window position and size may be specified:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --window-x=100 --window-y=100 --window-width=800 --window-height=600
+```
+
+## Borderless
+
+To disable window decorations:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --window-borderless
+```
+
+## Always on top
+
+To keep the window always on top:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --always-on-top
+```
+
+## Fullscreen
+
+The app may be started directly in fullscreen:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --fullscreen
+scrcpy -f   # short version
+```
+
+Fullscreen mode can then be toggled dynamically with <kbd>MOD</kbd>+<kbd>f</kbd>
+(see [shortcuts](shortcuts.md)).
+
+
+## Disable screensaver
+
+By default, _scrcpy_ does not prevent the screensaver from running on the
+computer. To disable it:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --disable-screensaver
+```

doc/windows.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# On Windows
+
+## Install
+
+Download the [latest release]:
+
+ - [`scrcpy-win64-v2.0.zip`][direct-win64] (64-bit)  
+   <sub>SHA-256: `ae4c8d37a496b43f8974ba8f07f708e22a9570ba0cddc3dc3a36edbccd4d2a20`</sub>
+ - [`scrcpy-win32-v2.0.zip`][direct-win32] (32-bit)  
+   <sub>SHA-256: `15d98c02cb0e0bbd84f8b5d54991e0f6925569b1286a86a40743944fcb1c2d8c`</sub>
+
+[latest release]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases/latest
+[direct-win64]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases/download/v2.0/scrcpy-win64-v2.0.zip
+[direct-win32]: https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases/download/v2.0/scrcpy-win32-v2.0.zip
+
+and extract it.
+
+Alternatively, you could install it from packages manager, like [Chocolatey]:
+
+```bash
+choco install scrcpy
+choco install adb    # if you don't have it yet
+```
+
+or [Scoop]:
+
+
+```bash
+scoop install scrcpy
+scoop install adb    # if you don't have it yet
+```
+
+[Chocolatey]: https://chocolatey.org/
+[Scoop]: https://scoop.sh
+
+_See [build.md](build.md) to build and install the app manually._
+
+
+## Run
+
+_Make sure that your device meets the [prerequisites](/README.md#prerequisites)._
+
+Scrcpy is a command line application: it is mainly intended to be executed from
+a terminal with command line arguments.
+
+To open a terminal at the expected location, double-click on
+`open_a_terminal_here.bat` in your scrcpy directory, then type your command. For
+example, without arguments:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy
+```
+
+or with arguments (here to disable audio and record to `file.mkv`):
+
+```
+scrcpy --no-audio --record=file.mkv
+```
+
+Documentation for command line arguments is available:
+ - `scrcpy --help`
+ - on [github](/README.md)
+
+To start scrcpy directly without opening a terminal, double-click on one of
+these files:
+ - `scrcpy-console.bat`: start with a terminal open (it will close when scrcpy
+   terminates, unless an error occurs);
+ - `scrcpy-noconsole.vbs`: start without a terminal (but you won't see any error
+   message).
+
+_Avoid double-clicking on `scrcpy.exe` directly: on error, the terminal would
+close immediately and you won't have time to read any error message (this
+executable is intended to be run from the terminal). Use `scrcpy-console.bat`
+instead._
+
+If you plan to always use the same arguments, create a file `myscrcpy.bat`
+(enable [show file extensions] to avoid confusion) containing your command, For
+example:
+
+```bash
+scrcpy --prefer-text --turn-screen-off --stay-awake
+```
+
+[show file extensions]: https://www.howtogeek.com/205086/beginner-how-to-make-windows-show-file-extensions/
+
+Then just double-click on that file.
+
+You could also edit (a copy of) `scrcpy-console.bat` or `scrcpy-noconsole.vbs`
+to add some arguments.

install_release.sh

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 set -e
 
 BUILDDIR=build-auto
-PREBUILT_SERVER_URL=https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases/download/v1.25/scrcpy-server-v1.25
-PREBUILT_SERVER_SHA256=ce0306c7bbd06ae72f6d06f7ec0ee33774995a65de71e0a83813ecb67aec9bdb
+PREBUILT_SERVER_URL=https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy/releases/download/v2.0/scrcpy-server-v2.0
+PREBUILT_SERVER_SHA256=9e241615f578cd690bb43311000debdecf6a9c50a7082b001952f18f6f21ddc2
 
 echo "[scrcpy] Downloading prebuilt server..."
 wget "$PREBUILT_SERVER_URL" -O scrcpy-server

meson.build

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 project('scrcpy', 'c',
-        version: '1.25',
+        version: '2.0',
         meson_version: '>= 0.48',
         default_options: [
             'c_std=c11',

release.mk

@@ -94,15 +94,15 @@ dist-win32: build-server build-win32
 	cp app/data/scrcpy-noconsole.vbs "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)"
 	cp app/data/icon.png "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)"
 	cp app/data/open_a_terminal_here.bat "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win32/bin/avutil-58.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win32/bin/avcodec-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win32/bin/avformat-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win32/bin/swresample-4.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win32/bin/zlib1.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-33.0.3/adb.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-33.0.3/AdbWinApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-33.0.3/AdbWinUsbApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/SDL2-2.26.1/i686-w64-mingw32/bin/SDL2.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win32/bin/avutil-58.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win32/bin/avcodec-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win32/bin/avformat-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win32/bin/swresample-4.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win32/bin/zlib1.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-34.0.1/adb.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-34.0.1/AdbWinApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-34.0.1/AdbWinUsbApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/SDL2-2.26.4/i686-w64-mingw32/bin/SDL2.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
 	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/libusb-1.0.26/libusb-MinGW-Win32/bin/msys-usb-1.0.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN32_TARGET_DIR)/"
 
 dist-win64: build-server build-win64
@@ -113,15 +113,15 @@ dist-win64: build-server build-win64
 	cp app/data/scrcpy-noconsole.vbs "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)"
 	cp app/data/icon.png "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)"
 	cp app/data/open_a_terminal_here.bat "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win64/bin/avutil-58.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win64/bin/avcodec-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win64/bin/avformat-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win64/bin/swresample-4.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy/win64/bin/zlib1.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-33.0.3/adb.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-33.0.3/AdbWinApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-33.0.3/AdbWinUsbApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
-	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/SDL2-2.26.1/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/SDL2.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win64/bin/avutil-58.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win64/bin/avcodec-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win64/bin/avformat-60.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win64/bin/swresample-4.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/ffmpeg-6.0-scrcpy-2/win64/bin/zlib1.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-34.0.1/adb.exe "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-34.0.1/AdbWinApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/platform-tools-34.0.1/AdbWinUsbApi.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
+	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/SDL2-2.26.4/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/SDL2.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
 	cp app/prebuilt-deps/data/libusb-1.0.26/libusb-MinGW-x64/bin/msys-usb-1.0.dll "$(DIST)/$(WIN64_TARGET_DIR)/"
 
 zip-win32: dist-win32

server/build.gradle

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ android {
         applicationId "com.genymobile.scrcpy"
         minSdkVersion 21
         targetSdkVersion 33
-        versionCode 12500
-        versionName "1.25"
+        versionCode 20000
+        versionName "2.0"
         testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
     }
     buildTypes {

server/build_without_gradle.sh

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 set -e
 
 SCRCPY_DEBUG=false
-SCRCPY_VERSION_NAME=1.25
+SCRCPY_VERSION_NAME=2.0
 
-PLATFORM=${ANDROID_PLATFORM:-33}
-BUILD_TOOLS=${ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS:-33.0.0}
+PLATFORM=${ANDROID_PLATFORM:-23}
+BUILD_TOOLS=${ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS:-23.0.3}
 BUILD_TOOLS_DIR="$ANDROID_HOME/build-tools/$BUILD_TOOLS"
 
 BUILD_DIR="$(realpath ${BUILD_DIR:-build_manual})"
@@ -43,6 +43,17 @@ public final class BuildConfig {
 }
 EOF
 
+STUBS_DIR="$BUILD_DIR/stubs"
+rm -rf "$STUBS_DIR"
+mkdir -p "$STUBS_DIR"
+echo "Generating SDK stubs..."
+cd "$SERVER_DIR/src/main/stubs"
+javac -bootclasspath "$ANDROID_JAR" \
+    -d "$STUBS_DIR" \
+    -source 1.8 -target 1.8 \
+    android/content/*
+cd -
+
 echo "Generating java from aidl..."
 cd "$SERVER_DIR/src/main/aidl"
 "$BUILD_TOOLS_DIR/aidl" -o"$GEN_DIR" android/view/IRotationWatcher.aidl
@@ -52,7 +63,7 @@ cd "$SERVER_DIR/src/main/aidl"
 echo "Compiling java sources..."
 cd ../java
 javac -bootclasspath "$ANDROID_JAR" \
-    -cp "$LAMBDA_JAR:$GEN_DIR" \
+    -cp "$LAMBDA_JAR:$GEN_DIR:$STUBS_DIR" \
     -d "$CLASSES_DIR" \
     -source 1.8 -target 1.8 \
     com/genymobile/scrcpy/*.java \

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/AsyncProcessor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy;
+
+public interface AsyncProcessor {
+    void start();
+    void stop();
+    void join() throws InterruptedException;
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/AudioCapture.java

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy;
+
+import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
+
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.content.ComponentName;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.media.AudioFormat;
+import android.media.AudioRecord;
+import android.media.AudioTimestamp;
+import android.media.MediaCodec;
+import android.media.MediaRecorder;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+
+public final class AudioCapture {
+
+    public static final int SAMPLE_RATE = 48000;
+    public static final int CHANNEL_CONFIG = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_STEREO;
+    public static final int CHANNELS = 2;
+    public static final int FORMAT = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
+    public static final int BYTES_PER_SAMPLE = 2;
+
+    private AudioRecord recorder;
+
+    private final AudioTimestamp timestamp = new AudioTimestamp();
+    private long previousPts = 0;
+    private long nextPts = 0;
+
+    public static int millisToBytes(int millis) {
+        return SAMPLE_RATE * CHANNELS * BYTES_PER_SAMPLE * millis / 1000;
+    }
+
+    private static AudioFormat createAudioFormat() {
+        AudioFormat.Builder builder = new AudioFormat.Builder();
+        builder.setEncoding(FORMAT);
+        builder.setSampleRate(SAMPLE_RATE);
+        builder.setChannelMask(CHANNEL_CONFIG);
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static Method setBuilderContext;
+
+    @TargetApi(23)
+    private static void setBuilderContext(AudioRecord.Builder builder, Context context) {
+        try {
+            if (setBuilderContext == null) {
+                setBuilderContext = AudioRecord.Builder.class.getMethod("setContext", Context.class);
+            }
+            setBuilderContext.invoke(builder, context);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not call AudioRecord.Builder.setContext() method");
+            //throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
+    @SuppressLint({"WrongConstant", "MissingPermission"})
+    private static AudioRecord createAudioRecord() {
+        AudioRecord.Builder builder = new AudioRecord.Builder();
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 31) {
+            // On older APIs, Workarounds.fillAppInfo() must be called beforehand
+            setBuilderContext(builder, FakeContext.get());
+        }
+        builder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.REMOTE_SUBMIX);
+        builder.setAudioFormat(createAudioFormat());
+        int minBufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(SAMPLE_RATE, CHANNEL_CONFIG, FORMAT);
+        // This buffer size does not impact latency
+        builder.setBufferSizeInBytes(8 * minBufferSize);
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static void startWorkaroundAndroid11() {
+        // Android 11 requires Apps to be at foreground to record audio.
+        // Normally, each App has its own user ID, so Android checks whether the requesting App has the user ID that's at the foreground.
+        // But scrcpy server is NOT an App, it's a Java application started from Android shell, so it has the same user ID (2000) with Android
+        // shell ("com.android.shell").
+        // If there is an Activity from Android shell running at foreground, then the permission system will believe scrcpy is also in the
+        // foreground.
+        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
+        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
+        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
+        intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME, "com.android.shell.HeapDumpActivity"));
+        ServiceManager.getActivityManager().startActivityAsUserWithFeature(intent);
+    }
+
+    private static void stopWorkaroundAndroid11() {
+        ServiceManager.getActivityManager().forceStopPackage(FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME);
+    }
+
+    private void tryStartRecording(int attempts, int delayMs) throws AudioCaptureForegroundException {
+        while (attempts-- > 0) {
+            // Wait for activity to start
+            SystemClock.sleep(delayMs);
+            try {
+                startRecording();
+                return; // it worked
+            } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
+                if (attempts == 0) {
+                    Ln.e("Failed to start audio capture");
+                    Ln.e("On Android 11, audio capture must be started in the foreground, make sure that the device is unlocked when starting " +
+                            "scrcpy.");
+                    throw new AudioCaptureForegroundException();
+                } else {
+                    Ln.d("Failed to start audio capture, retrying...");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void startRecording() {
+        recorder = createAudioRecord();
+        recorder.startRecording();
+    }
+
+    public void start() throws AudioCaptureForegroundException {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == 30) {
+            startWorkaroundAndroid11();
+            try {
+                tryStartRecording(3, 100);
+            } finally {
+                stopWorkaroundAndroid11();
+            }
+        } else {
+            startRecording();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void stop() {
+        if (recorder != null) {
+            // Will call .stop() if necessary, without throwing an IllegalStateException
+            recorder.release();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Method getTimestampMethod;
+
+    private static int getRecorderTimestamp(AudioRecord recorder, AudioTimestamp timestamp) {
+        try {
+            if (getTimestampMethod == null) {
+                getTimestampMethod = AudioRecord.class.getMethod("getTimestamp", AudioTimestamp.class, int.class);
+            }
+            return (int) getTimestampMethod.invoke(recorder, timestamp, 0);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not call AudioRecord.getTimestamp() method");
+            return AudioRecord.ERROR;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @TargetApi(24)
+    public int read(ByteBuffer directBuffer, int size, MediaCodec.BufferInfo outBufferInfo) {
+        int r = recorder.read(directBuffer, size);
+        if (r <= 0) {
+            return r;
+        }
+
+        long pts;
+
+        int ret = getRecorderTimestamp(recorder, timestamp);
+        if (ret == AudioRecord.SUCCESS) {
+            pts = timestamp.nanoTime / 1000;
+        } else {
+            if (nextPts == 0) {
+                Ln.w("Could not get any audio timestamp");
+            }
+            // compute from previous timestamp and packet size
+            pts = nextPts;
+        }
+
+        long durationUs = r * 1000000 / (CHANNELS * BYTES_PER_SAMPLE * SAMPLE_RATE);
+        nextPts = pts + durationUs;
+
+        if (previousPts != 0 && pts < previousPts) {
+            // Audio PTS may come from two sources:
+            //  - recorder.getTimestamp() if the call works;
+            //  - an estimation from the previous PTS and the packet size as a fallback.
+            //
+            // Therefore, the property that PTS are monotonically increasing is no guaranteed in corner cases, so enforce it.
+            pts = previousPts + 1;
+        }
+        previousPts = pts;
+
+        outBufferInfo.set(0, r, pts, 0);
+        return r;
+    }
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/AudioCaptureForegroundException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package com.genymobile.scrcpy;
+
+/**
+ * Exception thrown if audio capture failed on Android 11 specifically because the running App (shell) was not in foreground.
+ */
+public class AudioCaptureForegroundException extends Exception {
+}

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/AudioCodec.java

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ import android.media.MediaFormat;
 
 public enum AudioCodec implements Codec {
     OPUS(0x6f_70_75_73, "opus", MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_AUDIO_OPUS),
-    AAC(0x00_61_61_63, "aac", MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_AUDIO_AAC);
+    AAC(0x00_61_61_63, "aac", MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_AUDIO_AAC),
+    RAW(0x00_72_61_77, "raw", MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_AUDIO_RAW);
 
     private final int id; // 4-byte ASCII representation of the name
     private final String name;

server/src/main/java/com/genymobile/scrcpy/AudioEncoder.java

@@ -1,22 +1,12 @@
 package com.genymobile.scrcpy;
 
-import com.genymobile.scrcpy.wrappers.ServiceManager;
-
-import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
 import android.annotation.TargetApi;
-import android.content.ComponentName;
-import android.content.Intent;
-import android.media.AudioFormat;
-import android.media.AudioRecord;
-import android.media.AudioTimestamp;
 import android.media.MediaCodec;
 import android.media.MediaFormat;
-import android.media.MediaRecorder;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.Looper;
-import android.os.SystemClock;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
@@ -24,7 +14,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
 
-public final class AudioEncoder {
+public final class AudioEncoder implements AsyncProcessor {
 
     private static class InputTask {
         private final int index;
@@ -44,14 +34,11 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
         }
     }
 
-    private static final int SAMPLE_RATE = 48000;
-    private static final int CHANNEL_CONFIG = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_STEREO;
-    private static final int CHANNELS = 2;
-    private static final int FORMAT = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
-    private static final int BYTES_PER_SAMPLE = 2;
+    private static final int SAMPLE_RATE = AudioCapture.SAMPLE_RATE;
+    private static final int CHANNELS = AudioCapture.CHANNELS;
 
-    private static final int BUFFER_MS = 5; // milliseconds
-    private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = SAMPLE_RATE * CHANNELS * BYTES_PER_SAMPLE * BUFFER_MS / 1000;
+    private static final int READ_MS = 5; // milliseconds
+    private static final int READ_SIZE = AudioCapture.millisToBytes(READ_MS);
 
     private final Streamer streamer;
     private final int bitRate;
@@ -78,29 +65,6 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
         this.encoderName = encoderName;
     }
 
-    private static AudioFormat createAudioFormat() {
-        AudioFormat.Builder builder = new AudioFormat.Builder();
-        builder.setEncoding(FORMAT);
-        builder.setSampleRate(SAMPLE_RATE);
-        builder.setChannelMask(CHANNEL_CONFIG);
-        return builder.build();
-    }
-
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
-    @SuppressLint({"WrongConstant", "MissingPermission"})
-    private static AudioRecord createAudioRecord() {
-        AudioRecord.Builder builder = new AudioRecord.Builder();
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
-            // On older APIs, Workarounds.fillAppInfo() must be called beforehand
-            builder.setContext(FakeContext.get());
-        }
-        builder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.REMOTE_SUBMIX);
-        builder.setAudioFormat(createAudioFormat());
-        int minBufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(SAMPLE_RATE, CHANNEL_CONFIG, FORMAT);
-        builder.setBufferSizeInBytes(minBufferSize);
-        return builder.build();
-    }
-
     private static MediaFormat createFormat(String mimeType, int bitRate, List<CodecOption> codecOptions) {
         MediaFormat format = new MediaFormat();
         format.setString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME, mimeType);
@@ -120,53 +84,24 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
         return format;
     }
 
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
-    private void inputThread(MediaCodec mediaCodec, AudioRecord recorder) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
-        final AudioTimestamp timestamp = new AudioTimestamp();
-        long previousPts = 0;
-        long nextPts = 0;
+    @TargetApi(24)
+    private void inputThread(MediaCodec mediaCodec, AudioCapture capture) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        final MediaCodec.BufferInfo bufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();
 
         while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
             InputTask task = inputTasks.take();
             ByteBuffer buffer = mediaCodec.getInputBuffer(task.index);
-            int r = recorder.read(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
-            if (r < 0) {
+            int r = capture.read(buffer, READ_SIZE, bufferInfo);
+            if (r <= 0) {
                 throw new IOException("Could not read audio: " + r);
             }
 
-            long pts;
-
-            int ret = recorder.getTimestamp(timestamp, AudioTimestamp.TIMEBASE_MONOTONIC);
-            if (ret == AudioRecord.SUCCESS) {
-                pts = timestamp.nanoTime / 1000;
-            } else {
-                if (nextPts == 0) {
-                    Ln.w("Could not get any audio timestamp");
-                }
-                // compute from previous timestamp and packet size
-                pts = nextPts;
-            }
-
-            long durationMs = r * 1000 / CHANNELS / SAMPLE_RATE;
-            nextPts = pts + durationMs;
-
-            if (previousPts != 0 && pts < previousPts) {
-                // Audio PTS may come from two sources:
-                //  - recorder.getTimestamp() if the call works;
-                //  - an estimation from the previous PTS and the packet size as a fallback.
-                //
-                // Therefore, the property that PTS are monotonically increasing is no guaranteed in corner cases, so enforce it.
-                pts = previousPts + 1;
-            }
-
-            mediaCodec.queueInputBuffer(task.index, 0, r, pts, 0);
-
-            previousPts = pts;
+            mediaCodec.queueInputBuffer(task.index, bufferInfo.offset, bufferInfo.size, bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs, bufferInfo.flags);
         }
     }
 
     private void outputThread(MediaCodec mediaCodec) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
-        streamer.writeHeader();
+        streamer.writeAudioHeader();
 
         while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
             OutputTask task = outputTasks.take();
@@ -183,6 +118,8 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
         thread = new Thread(() -> {
             try {
                 encode();
+            } catch (ConfigurationException | AudioCaptureForegroundException e) {
+                // Do not print stack trace, a user-friendly error-message has already been logged
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 Ln.e("Audio encoding error", e);
             } finally {
@@ -220,46 +157,18 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
         }
     }
 
-    private static void startWorkaroundAndroid11() {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
-            // Android 11 requires Apps to be at foreground to record audio.
-            // Normally, each App has its own user ID, so Android checks whether the requesting App has the user ID that's at the foreground.
-            // But Scrcpy server is NOT an App, it's a Java application started from Android shell, so it has the same user ID (2000) with Android
-            // shell ("com.android.shell").
-            // If there is an Activity from Android shell running at foreground, then the permission system will believe Scrcpy is also in the
-            // foreground.
-            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
-                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
-                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
-                intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
-                intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME, "com.android.shell.HeapDumpActivity"));
-                ServiceManager.getActivityManager().startActivityAsUserWithFeature(intent);
-                // Wait for activity to start
-                SystemClock.sleep(150);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static void stopWorkaroundAndroid11() {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
-            ServiceManager.getActivityManager().forceStopPackage(FakeContext.PACKAGE_NAME);
-        }
-    }
-
     @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
-    public void encode() throws IOException {
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+    public void encode() throws IOException, ConfigurationException, AudioCaptureForegroundException {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 30) {
             Ln.w("Audio disabled: it is not supported before Android 11");
             streamer.writeDisableStream(false);
             return;
         }
 
         MediaCodec mediaCodec = null;
-        AudioRecord recorder = null;
+        AudioCapture capture = new AudioCapture();
 
         boolean mediaCodecStarted = false;
-        boolean recorderStarted = false;
-        boolean configurationError = false;
         try {
             Codec codec = streamer.getCodec();
             mediaCodec = createMediaCodec(codec, encoderName);
@@ -271,26 +180,13 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
             mediaCodec.setCallback(new EncoderCallback(), new Handler(mediaCodecThread.getLooper()));
             mediaCodec.configure(format, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE);
 
-            startWorkaroundAndroid11();
-            try {
-                recorder = createAudioRecord();
-                recorder.startRecording();
-            } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
-                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
-                    Ln.e("Failed to start audio capture");
-                    Ln.e("On Android 11, it is only possible to capture in foreground, make sure that the device is unlocked when starting scrcpy.");
-                    throw new ConfigurationException("Unsupported audio capture");
-                }
-            } finally {
-                stopWorkaroundAndroid11();
-            }
-            recorderStarted = true;
+            capture.start();
 
             final MediaCodec mediaCodecRef = mediaCodec;
-            final AudioRecord recorderRef = recorder;
+            final AudioCapture captureRef = capture;
             inputThread = new Thread(() -> {
                 try {
-                    inputThread(mediaCodecRef, recorderRef);
+                    inputThread(mediaCodecRef, captureRef);
                 } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
                     Ln.e("Audio capture error", e);
                 } finally {
@@ -320,15 +216,14 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
 
             waitEnded();
         } catch (ConfigurationException e) {
-            // Do not print stack trace, a user-friendly error-message has already been logged
-            // Notify the error to scrcpy to make it exit
-            configurationError = true;
+            // Notify the error to make scrcpy exit
+            streamer.writeDisableStream(true);
+            throw e;
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            // Notify the client that the audio could not be captured
+            streamer.writeDisableStream(false);
+            throw e;
         } finally {
-            if (!recorderStarted) {
-                // Notify the client that the audio could not be captured
-                streamer.writeDisableStream(configurationError);
-            }
-
             // Cleanup everything (either at the end or on error at any step of the initialization)
             if (mediaCodecThread != null) {
                 Looper looper = mediaCodecThread.getLooper();
@@ -364,11 +259,8 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
                 }
                 mediaCodec.release();
             }
-            if (recorder != null) {
-                if (recorderStarted) {
-                    recorder.stop();
-                }
-                recorder.release();
+            if (capture != null) {
+                capture.stop();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -379,17 +271,26 @@ public final class AudioEncoder {
             try {
                 return MediaCodec.createByCodecName(encoderName);
             } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-                Ln.e("Encoder '" + encoderName + "' for " + codec.getName() + " not found\n" + LogUtils.buildAudioEncoderListMessage());
+                Ln.e("Audio encoder '" + encoderName + "' for " + codec.getName() + " not found\n" + LogUtils.buildAudioEncoderListMessage());
                 throw new ConfigurationException("Unknown encoder: " + encoderName);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Ln.e("Could not create audio encoder '" + encoderName + "' for " + codec.getName() + "\n" + LogUtils.buildAudioEncoderListMessage());
+                throw e;
             }
         }
-        MediaCodec mediaCodec = MediaCodec.createEncoderByType(codec.getMimeType());
-        Ln.d("Using audio encoder: '" + mediaCodec.getName() + "'");
-        return mediaCodec;
+
+        try {
+            MediaCodec mediaCodec = MediaCodec.createEncoderByType(codec.getMimeType());
+            Ln.d("Using audio encoder: '" + mediaCodec.getName() + "'");
+            return mediaCodec;
+        } catch (IOException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            Ln.e("Could not create default audio encoder for " + codec.getName() + "\n" + LogUtils.buildAudioEncoderListMessage());
+            throw e;
+        }
     }
 
     private class EncoderCallback extends MediaCodec.Callback {
-        @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
+        @TargetApi(24)
         @Override
         public void onInputBufferAvailable(MediaCodec codec, int index) {
             try {